Korean banks cooperate with Polish counterparts in digital finance and blockchain

Lee Bok-hyun, the governor of South Korea’s Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), is set to have a meeting with Gary Gensler, the chair of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in May. The purpose of their meeting is to discuss whether to classify non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as virtual assets. Currently, NFTs are not seen as virtual assets in Korea, but there is a high likelihood of them being acknowledged as such following the meeting in May, local financial media outlet Edaily reported.Photo by Andrey Metelev on UnsplashLack of definition for NFTsAn NFT is a digital certificate of authenticity that is not fungible or replicable. NFTs tokenize content or assets of various types – from images, music, videos, games and artworks to real-estates – by assigning a unique token ID to them. Many see 2018 as the year NFT technology was first introduced.  Despite its wide range of applications, no legal definition has been made for NFTs. Some view NFTs as technology, and others as virtual assets or securities. The Korean government decided not to recognize NFTs as virtual assets under the Virtual Asset Protection Act (Virtual Asset Act), effective in July. Behind this decision is a perception that NFTs are less likely to pose significant risks to the market, as a large portion of NFTs are now traded by collectors seeking to expand their private collections.  However, NFTs are increasingly seen as speculative destinations by many investors over time, as prices of virtual assets including BTC surge. This shift backs the local movement to recognize NFTs as well as spot bitcoin ETFs as virtual assets. Opposition from NFT businessesBlockchain industry insiders say defining NFTs is of utmost importance, noting that classifying NFTs as virtual assets headfirst could deal a heavy blow to businesses in this sector. One finance insider mentioned that defining NFTs comes down to understanding their purposes and how they are utilized. If NFTs are primarily used for speculative purposes or as currency, they could be recognized as virtual assets, the person said.  The biggest resistance is coming from NFT-related businesses. That is because recognizing NFTs as virtual assets would require these businesses to obtain a virtual asset service provider (VASP) license from the financial authority, which takes significant costs and workforce in the process. A CEO of a blockchain startup, who preferred to remain anonymous, expressed concerns about the possibility of NFTs becoming virtual assets, saying that such recognition would enable NFT transaction tracing, potentially leading to severe violations of human rights. While many industry insiders expect that the financial authorities will bring NFTs under the forthcoming Virtual Asset Act, the FSS stated that no decisions have been made regarding details of the upcoming meeting with the U.S. SEC. 

UAE Emirate Launches Digital Asset Oasis Free ZoneRas Al Khaimah (RAK), one of the seven Emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has launched the RAK Digital Assets Oasis (RAK DAO), a free zone tailored exclusively for digital and virtual asset enterprises.Photo by Mostafa Ashraf Mostafa on UnsplashFrom conception to launchThe Emirate has been working on the RAK DAO project for some time, having enacted a law to establish the free zone in March of this year. In July it emerged that RAK Digital Assets Oasis had partnered with the HBAR Foundation, the project team behind the Hedera public ledger, with HBAR extending funding and resources to fuel the growth of free zone members.Having put in the hard yards to establish the free zone, RAK DAO, under the patronage of RAK Emirate ruler His Highness Sheikh Saud Bin Saqr Al Qasimi, had its launch event on Thursday. The event included a range of industry speakers including Ledger Chairman and CEO Pascal Gauthier, Animoca Brands Co-Founder and Executive Chairman Yat Siu, DFINITY Founder Dominic Williams, and TON Foundation President Steve Yun, among others.During the event, DAO creation and governance platform DeXe DAO Studio announced its partnership with RAK DAO.With an eye towards keeping the RAK Emirate ahead of the technological curve, RAK DAO aims for the digital assets oasis to become the world’s first free zone dedicated solely to digital and virtual asset companies. While RAK DAO is initially expected to focus on non-financial activities, it holds the potential to introduce financial activities at a later stage.Nurturing Web3 innovationThe mandate of RAK DAO is to provide robust support to companies engaged in cutting-edge technologies. This includes but is not limited to ventures in the metaverse, blockchain, utility tokens, virtual asset wallets, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), decentralized applications (DApps), and various other Web3-related businesses.Entrepreneurs who establish their presence within the confines of this free zone will be granted the privilege of retaining 100% ownership of their enterprises. Moreover, they will benefit from innovative tax schemes and a regulatory framework that is tailored to the unique demands of the digital asset industry.Progressive approach to Web3The UAE, as a nation, has actively pursued and courted crypto and blockchain firms by cultivating a progressive regulatory environment. Dubai led the charge by introducing a virtual assets law and establishing the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority.RAK is not the first Emirate to establish a free zone that caters to crypto and Web3 business within the UAE. The Emirate of Abu Dhabi has established the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) while the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) established its own financial regulator in Dubai, paving the way for attractive free zones for digital asset businesses. The Dubai Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) even took its commitment a step further by inaugurating its headquarters in The Sandbox in May 2022.Dubai has issued operational licenses to several crypto firms, including prominent names like Binance, Crypto.com, and Nomura’s Laser Digital and digital asset custodian Komainu. These licenses have further solidified the UAE’s position as a preferred destination for crypto, blockchain, and Web3 enterprises.

With local regulator the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) having set out guidelines for crypto firms regarding the provision of crypto staking services, two prominent Hong Kong companies have moved forward with staking-related offerings. HashKey Capital, a crypto-focused institutional asset manager, and crypto trading platform OSL, have announced the addition of staking to an Ether exchange-traded fund (ETF) and in the case of OSL, a partnership with Kiln to offer ETH staking.Photo by Raymond Yeung on UnsplashFirst spot crypto ETF in APAC to support stakingIn a press release published on April 11, HashKey Capital outlined that its Bosera HashKey Ether ETF, which was jointly launched with Bosera Asset Management in April 2024, has received approval from the SFC to engage in Ethereum staking activity from April 25 onwards.  HashKey claimed that its ETH ETF product is the first spot crypto ETF within the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region to support staking. The company stated: “By enabling staking, the ETF aims to enhance potential returns for investors, creating a new avenue to participate in the Ethereum ecosystem through a regulated virtual asset investment vehicle.” The staking service will be extended to the ETF by another HashKey Group company, HashKey Cloud, a Web3 infrastructure provider. HashKey Capital and HashKey OTC Global CEO Deng Chao said that the institutional-grade staking infrastructure of HashKey Cloud was being leveraged in order to provide a secure, efficient and regulated vehicle to access staking rewards with ease to both professional and retail investors.  The ETF is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX). It tracks the price of Ether via the CME CF Ether-Dollar Reference Rate, a daily benchmark index price that aggregates Ether trade data from various sources. Competitive edgeBoth HashKey and the Hong Kong authorities have stolen a march on their international counterparts with the launch. In recent months, efforts have been building in the United States by spot ETH ETF providers to add a staking element to these offerings.Robert Mitchnick, head of digital assets at the world’s largest asset manager, BlackRock, told last month’s Digital Asset Summit in New York that the lack of availability of a staking yield as part of U.S. spot ETH ETFs is likely to be holding the development of the products back. He added:”A staking yield is a meaningful part of how you can generate investment return in this space, and all the [ether] ETFs at launch did not have staking.” HashKey and OSL were the first two entities to be issued trading licenses by the regulator in Hong Kong. OSL is also looking to take advantage of the new regulatory clarity related to crypto staking in Hong Kong. On April 10, it published a press release, outlining details of a partnership that it has formed with enterprise-grade staking infrastructure firm, Kiln. By integrating with Kiln’s API infrastructure, OSL is now enabled in offering clients of its custody platform access to staking services.Kiln co-founder and CEO Laszlo Szabo underscored the significance of regulatory approval of staking in Hong Kong, while stating:”With the future integration of staking, these products will offer investors both exposure to ETH price movements and rewards for securing the Ethereum network.”