UK startups move to expand into Asia

Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), an independent state agency responsible for the supervision of capital markets including the digital assets sector within the Southeast Asian nation, has moved to block five cryptocurrency exchange platforms. In a statement published by the agency to its website on Thursday, May 29, the SEC outlined that it deems the five exchanges, namely OKX, Bybit, CoinEx, XT.com and 1000X.Live, to be unauthorized crypto trading platforms.Photo by REY MELVIN CARAAN on UnsplashCountering money laundering activityIt is acting against these platforms “to protect investors” and to prevent their use for money laundering purposes. In offering services to Thai users on an unauthorized basis, the exchanges were found to be in breach of Thailand’s Digital Asset Business Act B.E. 2561 (2018). The agency has asked the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society (MDES) to take measures to block local access to these online platforms. That block will be put in place on June 28. On that basis, the SEC has advised Thai users of such platforms to proceed to remove their assets from them before that June 28 deadline.  An updated version of the Royal Decree on Measures to Prevent and Suppress Technology-related Crime, (No. 2) B.E. 2568 (2025), was introduced by the Thai government in April. It facilitated the establishment of the Committee for the Prevention and Suppression of Technological Crime.  Following practices overseasThe committee met with the MDES in April, with the parties setting out the process through which unauthorized digital asset platforms would be restricted and blocked. On that occasion, similar practices carried out in other jurisdictions within the Asian region were referred to.  In December 2023 India’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) moved to block nine offshore crypto exchanges, having issued them with compliance show-cause notices.  In April 2024 the Philippines SEC requested that Google and Apple remove apps associated with global exchange Binance from the local versions of their application stores. Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) similarly ordered both companies to remove apps belonging to unregistered crypto exchanges in February of this year. Back in March, the Thai SEC filed a lawsuit against Aux Cayes FinTech Co. Ltd., an OKX affiliate company. The complaint alleged that OKX had been running an unlicensed exchange in Thailand, and was filed with the Economic Crime Suppression Division of the Thai police force. The SEC outlined on March 21 that a similar criminal complaint had been filed against XT.com. It’s understood that Bybit, CoinEx and 1000X.Live have also been recipients of complaints on the same basis. Earlier this year, the Economic Crime Suppression Division considered taking action against Polymarket, a crypto-based prediction market, on the basis that the platform violated Thailand’s gambling laws, and in doing so, posing a risk to economic and social stability in Thailand. In April 2024, the SEC issued a warning to crypto exchange platforms against the use of misleading advertising, drawing their attention to the fact that advertising of that nature would potentially place those platforms in breach of regulatory guidelines. 

Hong Kong is gearing up for the potential approval and implementation of both bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and stablecoin regulations in 2024, with further progress achieved through the first filing of a spot bitcoin ETF in the Chinese autonomous territory.Photo by André François McKenzie on UnsplashHarvest Fund filesHarvest Fund (HFM), a major asset manager based in China, has taken the lead by filing for a spot bitcoin ETF with the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission (SFA), as reported by Tencent News. While details on the Harvest Fund bitcoin ETF remain limited, the company is hoping for its debut on or after the Lunar New Year holiday, which lands on Feb. 10. Reports suggest that Hong Kong's regulatory body may follow a path similar to the U.S. SEC, approving multiple spot bitcoin ETF applications to ensure fair market access. Although Harvest Fund was the first to apply, other regional financial institutions have expressed interest in launching similar products within the year. Livio Weng, Chief Operating Officer of crypto exchange HashKey, revealed that approximately ten asset management firms are developing spot crypto ETFs for Hong Kong, with applications already submitted to the Hong Kong Securities Regulatory Commission. Earlier this month, Venture Smart Financial Holdings (VSFG) announced its plan to launch a spot bitcoin ETF within the first quarter of this year, contributing to the growing momentum. Stablecoin interestIn tandem with the push for spot crypto ETFs, there is a rising interest in stablecoins. Multiple Hong Kong companies, including Harvest Global Investments, RD Technologies and VSFG, are reportedly engaging in discussions with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) about potential stablecoin trials. These trials aim to explore use cases ahead of anticipated stablecoin regulations in Hong Kong. The HKMA's December consultation paper outlined licensing requirements for fiat-pegged stablecoins, positioning them as a bridge between traditional finance and crypto markets. Sean Lee, senior advisor and head of stablecoin at VSFG, told The Block that it is committed to applying for sandbox inclusion, along with consortium partners, to showcase the potential of programmable digital money while meeting prudential requirements. An HKMA spokesperson confirmed ongoing preparations for the imminent launch of the stablecoin sandbox arrangement. The key criterion for applicants is a demonstrated commitment to a reasonable plan for issuing fiat-reference stablecoins (FRS) in Hong Kong. FRS refers to fiat-reference stablecoins pegged to the value of a fiat currency and backed by a government-issued currency, aligning with the most common stablecoin model. Eddie Yue, CEO of the HKMA, highlighted the potential of stablecoins, stating they could serve as the interface between traditional finance and the virtual asset market. The parallel development of spot crypto ETFs and stablecoin regulations underscores Hong Kong's commitment to fostering digital assets while ensuring investor protection through effective market oversight. Crypto ETFs offer expanded access, while stablecoin trials enable controlled experimentation, establishing gateways between traditional finance and the emerging crypto sectors.  

Banking Difficulties Remain in Hong Kong for Crypto Start-UpsWhile Hong Kong has demonstrated a very clear crypto-friendly stance over the course of the past six months, crypto start-ups are still struggling with banking in the Chinese autonomous territory.Photo by Manson Yim on UnsplashLicensing backlogAll the signs are that Hong Kong is striving to develop itself as a regional hub for crypto and blockchain related business. Encouraged by that stance, against a background of the United States becoming openly hostile to crypto over that very same time frame, applications are streaming in from international firms to be licensed to operate their businesses in the city.In discussion with crypto start-up applicants, CoinDesk has established that the issue extends to firms that have already obtained a license to operate. To compound matters, the Hong Kong regulator, the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC), has a shortage of manpower, with just eight officials currently working on the applications of eighty crypto firms.Speaking to that backlog, Amy Yu, APAC CEO for Swiss crypto financial services company, SEBA Bank, stated: “This probably would have been a different story six or nine months ago.”A known problemIt appears that both the SFC and its regulatory peer, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) were aware of the issue and tried to get out ahead of it. Late last month, both regulators convened a meeting with bank officials and virtual asset service providers (VASPs).The objective was to try to forge a path forward such that banks could amend their approach, enabling greater facilitation and acceptance of crypto businesses such that the banks would be more inclined to approve bank account applications from those fledgling businesses.Arthur Yuen, Deputy CEO of the HKMA addressed the matter in a blog post published to the regulator’s website on April 27. Yuen was clear in calling on the banks to enable banking for VASPs:“With the implementation of the regulatory regime for VA [virtual assets] activities in Hong Kong and the strengthening of supervisory regimes in different jurisdictions according to the international standards, and as the banking industry develops a better understanding of the VA industry over time, we expect that regulated virtual asset service providers (VASPs) will be able to successfully apply for a bank account through a reasonable process.”Banker resistanceElaborating on the matter further, it’s clear that Yuen and his colleagues understand the importance of banking in enabling this nascent business sector such that the broader strategy of a pro-crypto business environment is affected in Hong Kong. “To attract businesses from new markets, it is crucial to have high quality financial services, while enhancing corporate access to bank accounts would be one of the key priorities,”he stated.An attendee at that regulator-organized round-table last month said that “It was more like a wish list from the regulator,” and that “whether the banks fully embrace it is another matter.” The issue remains as a major impediment to the ability of crypto start-up companies to operate, Some are being forced to try and work around the stumbling block, relying instead on overseas banking partners.