Asia emerges at the forefront of crypto development

Korbit Joins Zero-Fee Crypto Trading Trend in South KoreaSouth Korean cryptocurrency exchange Korbit reduced trading fees to zero on October 20 (local time) for all of the cryptocurrencies supported on the platform. This move follows in the footsteps of Bithumb, another Korean exchange that introduced zero-fee trading earlier this month.Photo by Jeremy Perkins on UnsplashNo extra registration requiredKorbit users can now benefit from zero-fee trading immediately, with no special registration required. This arrangement will continue indefinitely until further notice.Market maker incentives continueKorbit’s market maker incentive program will remain in place. Under this program, users earn 0.01% of the transaction value whenever they place an order.Oh Se-jin, CEO of Korbit, underscored the exchange’s commitment to enhancing user satisfaction. He pointed out several initiatives they’ve undertaken, including enhancing the login system, raising the daily Korean won (KRW) deposit and withdrawal limits, and eliminating transaction fees. He further noted that by removing trading fees, they aim to alleviate the cost pressures of crypto trading for their users and breathe new life into the market.

Korean crypto firms relocating for cheaper rent amid prolonged crypto winterAs the prolonged crypto winter continues to affect the industry, blockchain and cryptocurrency firms in South Korea are under pressure to economize. Faced with a deteriorating business and investment climate, numerous companies are reducing their office space and relocating to areas with cheaper rent, according to a Wednesday (local time) report by local media outlet Bizwatch.Photo by Nastuh Abootalebi on UnsplashReducing operating costsBizwatch reported, citing industry sources, that Parameta (previously Iconloop), a blockchain enterprise, has relocated its headquarters from Seoul’s upscale Signature Towers to a more economical shared office space this year. This strategic move is interpreted as an effort to slash operating costs by choosing a location with significantly lower rental expenses. A Parameta representative confirmed that the relocation was part of measures to reduce costs.Binance-backed Streami, which runs the Gopax cryptocurrency exchange, is also reportedly contemplating an office relocation after downsizing its staff. The company’s workforce has dwindled from over 100 employees earlier in the year to approximately 60 by September. A Streami spokesperson has indicated that they have yet to reach a decision regarding the relocation. Streami’s situation is particularly significant due to its ongoing challenges in securing approval from financial regulators for changes to its executive representatives since Binance acquired a majority stake. Recently, Streami appointed a new CEO from the domestic tech firm CityLabs, which has also purchased an 8.55% stake in Streami and intends to further increase its investment in the exchange operator.Similarly, Korea Digital Exchange, the operator of cryptocurrency-only exchange Flybit, has listed for sale one of its two floors of office space in Seoul’s Seocho district. This move comes nearly a year and eight months after the company expanded into the current premises.Changes in workforce sizesBefore the crypto winter, when the Korean crypto market witnessed unprecedented growth, numerous companies expanded their offices to make room for the growing workforce, bolstered by rising revenues. For instance, Dunamu, which runs Upbit — Korea’s largest crypto exchange — garnered attention for acquiring pricey real estate in Gangnam to construct a new office.However, the boom was short-lived. With the onset of the crypto downturn, numerous companies found themselves having to shut down. Blockchain technology firms are facing similar challenges, with many developers steering away from the sector due to persisting market instability. For many of these firms, the workforce has diminished as they’ve either undergone restructuring or struggled to recruit replacements for departing employees.An industry insider remarked that reducing operating costs is a logical step for companies facing a lack of investment and revenue. They noted that this only applies to those resilient enough to weather the hardship, adding that many cryptocurrency-only exchanges are likely to shut down completely in these challenging conditions.In fact, Cashierest, a crypto-only exchange, recently announced the cease of operations. Concerns about the company had been growing after staff layoffs and the departure of its CEO in July. A thorough analysis by the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC) found that, of the 21 Korean crypto-only exchanges, 18 are operating with negative shareholder equity as of the first half of this year. Moreover, 10 did not earn any revenue from transaction fees during the same period.Crypto-only exchanges typically see lower trading volumes as they cannot facilitate trades in Korean won. In South Korea, only five trading platforms — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit and Gopax — are officially registered with the financial regulator to conduct fiat-to-crypto transactions.

Kbank’s Upbit Customer Deposits Total $2.2BKbank, an internet-only bank in South Korea, is facing criticism due to its relatively high proportion of cryptocurrency customer deposits compared to other banks. Kbank reportedly manages approximately KRW 3 trillion (equivalent to $2.2 billion) in deposits from customers of cryptocurrency exchange Upbit, which accounts for about 18% of its total customer deposits.This percentage stands out, being notably higher than other banks that provide accounts to the other four crypto-to-fiat exchanges in Korea. That is according to a report by Maeil Business Newspaper, which obtained documents submitted to lawmaker Kim Hee-gon by the Financial Services Commission (FSC).According to Korean law, crypto exchanges must secure real-name bank accounts from banks to offer crypto trading services against the Korean won. Kbank offers its accounts to Upbit, the dominant player in the Korean crypto market.Photo by David McBee on PexelsNotable exposure to crypto exchangeThe FSC documents showed that Kbank’s Upbit customer deposits totaled KRW 3.09 trillion, making up 18% of its total deposits, which amount to KRW 17.2 trillion.In a striking contrast, Nonghyup Bank had 0.2% of its deposits, equivalent to KRW 557.8 billion, in Bithumb, which is the nation’s second-largest cryptocurrency exchange. Kakaobank, another internet-only bank, had 0.3% (KRW 112.2 billion) of its deposits in Coinone. Shinhan Bank held 0.01% (KRW 43 billion) in Korbit, and Jeonbuk Bank had a similarly small 0.02% (KRW 4.2 billion) in Gopax.Lawmaker Kim pointed out that Kbank has become a bank dedicated to crypto trading. Kim proposed that financial authorities take proactive measures to assess the potential risks that may emerge when Kbank utilizes Upbit customer deposits as a basis for offering credit loans. Such risky financial practices could potentially result in higher loan defaults and the emergence of a greater number of individuals with poor credit histories, which could ultimately jeopardize the stability of the financial market.Regulatory gapThe current Financial Transaction Reporting Act mandates that virtual asset service providers (VASPs) segregate customer deposits from their own assets as a measure to combat money laundering. However, it has been noted that there are regulatory gaps stemming from the absence of specific guidelines for the custody of these deposits.According to the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), Nonghyup and Kakaobank store deposits in separate accounts within the bank. On the other hand, Kbank and Jeonbuk Bank keep deposits in corporate accounts under their respective exchange partners’ names.When deposits are stored in separate accounts within the bank, only the bank has access to those funds, and they are essentially operated in a manner similar to a trust, preventing the bank from using the funds arbitrarily. In contrast, funds held in corporate accounts can be used by the bank as a source for lending. Lawmaker Kim warned that in scenarios such as exchange bankruptcies or similar situations, banks holding customer funds in corporate accounts could face difficulties in ensuring customer protection.Each of these banks receives reserve funds from crypto exchanges in anticipation of potential compensation requirements in the event of unforeseen losses. The FSS states that as of the end of last month, the reserve amounts held by each bank were as follows: Kbank had KRW 200 billion, Nonghyup Bank had KRW 100 billion, Kakao Bank had KRW 73 billion, and both Shinhan Bank and Jeonbuk Bank had KRW 30 billion.Kbank’s Upbit customer deposits are approximately 72 times larger than Shinhan Bank’s Korbit customer deposits. However, the reserve amounts held by Kbank are only 6.7 times greater than those held by Shinhan. Lawmaker Kim emphasized the importance of banks maintaining reserve funds that are proportional to the customer deposits held in their partner crypto exchanges.Signs of recoveryMeanwhile, the Korean cryptocurrency industry, which faced a downturn in the latter half of last year due to events like the Terra collapse and FTX’s bankruptcy, has exhibited signs of recovery in the first half of this year.The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the FSC recently reported that the cryptocurrency market cap in South Korea has reached KRW 28.4 trillion as of the end of June this year. This reflects a 46% increase compared to the end of last year when it stood at KRW 19.4 trillion. Additionally, the total operating profit of domestic exchanges surged by 82% to KRW 227.3 billion over the past six months, compared to the previous figure of KRW 124.9 billion.The total market’s max drawdown (MDD) was 62%. MDD assesses the extent to which an asset has declined in value from its highest point to its lowest point within a specific time frame, before experiencing a recovery. The FIU considers this MDD to be high, urging investor caution.