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Korean crypto faces retail slowdown while eyeing institutional future

Markets·October 08, 2025, 1:00 PM

South Korea’s retail-heavy crypto market is losing momentum ahead of broader institutional access to trading. Data from the Financial Services Commission (FSC) and the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), cited by Financial News, shows that in the first half of 2025, Korean-won balances held at the country’s five licensed fiat-to-crypto exchanges sank 42% to 6.2 trillion won ($4.4 billion), signaling less dry powder waiting on the sidelines for trading.

 

Only five platforms are permitted to support won-denominated trading, and the drop in parked cash underscores a broader cooling. By the end of June, the Korean crypto market cap stood at 95.1 trillion won ($67.5 billion), down 14% from six months earlier. The global market also contracted, but the decline was more modest at about 7% over the same period.

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Trading slows but retail base expands

Trading activity eased as well. Average daily volumes across 25 domestic virtual asset service providers (VASPs) fell 12% to 6.4 trillion won ($4.5 billion) in the first half. Paradoxically, the number of market participants climbed 11% to 107.7 million across those platforms. Nearly all were individuals, as only 220 were institutions, reflecting long-standing restrictions on institutional won trading.

 

That retail skew has consequences. Data submitted by the FSS to a lawmaker, cited by Digital Asset, reveals that the top 10% of users by trading volume accounted for roughly 90% of activity at the five fiat on-ramps. By exchange, the figures were Upbit (89.36%), Bithumb (97.97%), Coinone (97.54%), Korbit (97.52%), and Gopax (97.95%). 

 

Market lawyers warn that this concentration heightens manipulation risk. Lee Seung-min of SEUM Law Firm said volatility may be more pronounced in tokens listed only on Korean venues, but added that deeper institutional participation could help reduce such volatility and support longer market cycles. 

 

Regulators are inching in that direction. Earlier this year, authorities allowed universities and nonprofits to sell their crypto holdings. By year-end, the FSC plans to let about 3,500 publicly traded companies and professional investors, excluding financial institutions, open accounts at the licensed platforms for trading.

 

Exchanges pour cash into promotions

While regulators are preparing to bring more institutional players into the fold, exchanges continue their long-running effort to draw in retail users. Another Digital Asset report noted that from 2023 through July 2025, promotional outlays by the five won-enabled platforms totaled 190.3 billion won ($135 million). Bithumb alone accounted for 180.3 billion won ($128 million), far outspending Upbit (9.4 billion won), Coinone (1.7 billion won), Korbit (1.6 billion won), and Gopax (100 million won). The gap suggests Bithumb, which ranks second in market share, has pursued a particularly aggressive approach to expand its customer base.

 

Taken together, the numbers depict a subdued market, with less capital parked on exchanges and lighter trading while activity remains heavily concentrated among a small cohort of traders. Even so, the expanding base of individual accounts represents a bright spot, underscoring the market’s continued dependence on retail investors. If policymakers follow through on opening the door to a broader set of corporate and professional players later this year, Korea’s crypto landscape could shift from retail-driven fluctuations toward steadier, institution-supported flows.

 

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Sep 12, 2023

LG CNS Chooses Six Startups to Foster Innovation in Digital Transformation

LG CNS Chooses Six Startups to Foster Innovation in Digital TransformationLG CNS, the information technology (IT) arm of South Korean conglomerate LG Group, said Tuesday that it has chosen six startups to nurture under its sixth annual Startup Monster program — a program dedicated to supporting technology startups that are capable of pioneering consumer values in the realm of digital transformation (DX). By directly contributing to their growth as startups, LG CNS also aims to secure them as future business partners.Photo by Milad Fakurian on UnsplashAmong those startups is Zkrypto, a company specializing in zero-knowledge proof technology — a method of providing the validity of a statement without revealing the statement itself. Zkrypto will work with LG CNS on security solutions and privacy protection services necessary for operating digital finance services such as digital wallets and security tokens. The two companies already established their relationship earlier last month when they signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to jointly develop blockchain-powered business models.Investing in startup growthUnder the program, the companies will undergo a six-month technology assessment as well as receive KRW 100 million (approximately $75,000) in funding to demonstrate the feasibility of technology integration into their businesses. LG CNS said that it would carry out the assessment by leveraging its extensive business references and technical resources along with assistance from other IT experts.“Through the Startup Monster program, we will continue to discover and nurture promising startups with innovative technologies and create an ecosystem where we can grow together,” said Jeon Eun-kyung, Executive Director of LG CNS’ Convergence Technology Research Institute.Participants from diverse industriesThis year’s recruitment attracted over 240 applicants, resulting in a highly competitive selection ratio of 40:1. Other selected startups besides Zkrypto include GradeHealthChain, Quantum Universe, Delivery Lab, mAy-I, and Circle Platform, which specialize in emerging DX technologies, such as big data analysis, artificial intelligence (AI) modeling, and extended reality (XR).GradeHealthChain is known for its health management app LOG, which analyzes health checkup results and medical information to allocate an overall health score. Users can provide these scores and other medical information to insurance companies partnered with GradeHealthChain to receive premium discounts on insurance. In turn, the insurance companies can use this data to accurately assess the customer’s health status and recommend optimal insurance products. LG CNS plans to work with GradeHealthChain to create services for insurance product recommendations.On the other hand, Quantum Universe specializes in the planning, production, and distribution of XR content. With LG CNS, the company will jointly develop digital twin technology that replicates physical objects in a digital environment for applications in smart factories and manufacturing. They are also pursuing marketing projects using metaverse technology.mAy-I and Circle Platform were chosen for the program for their impressive technical capabilities in data collection and AI modeling. Meanwhile, Delivery Lab operates a food distribution platform in the smart logistics field.LG CNS has been actively nurturing startups and working with them through the Startup Monster program since 2018. Up until last year, a total of 22 startups participated in the program.SelectStar, one of last year’s participants, is currently collaborating with LG CNS as a data construction partner for AI businesses. The two companies have notably created KorQuAD 2.0, a Korean language machine reading comprehension dataset.In addition, Lovo, an AI text-to-speech solutions startup from the third Startup Monster program, worked with LG CNS on developing an AI contact center. According to industry sources, Lovo’s corporate value has increased more than 20 times from the time it participated in the program, reaching KRW 100 billion.

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Policy & Regulation·

Feb 07, 2024

Hong Kong’s SFC appeals to digital asset investors to verify licenses

As Hong Kong approaches the culmination of the Securities and Futures Commission's (SFC) deadline for cryptocurrency exchanges to seek licenses, the regulator issued a reminder to investors about the potential risks associated with trading on unlicensed platforms.Photo by Jarrod Erbe on UnsplashUrging cautionIn a notice released on Monday, the SFC emphasized the importance of engaging exclusively with SFC-licensed virtual asset trading platforms (VATPs) to ensure investor protection. With only one month remaining for exchanges to apply for a license under the city's virtual asset regulation, the SFC urged investors to exercise caution when dealing with platforms that have not yet received approval.The SFC suggested that investors check the list of regulated platforms, which it maintains on its website. Within the notice, the regulator outlined that in the past, some platforms have claimed to be regulated entities when they were not compliant platforms and not adhering to existing regulations within the Chinese autonomous territory. The advisory comes after the fallout from a high-profile fraud incident involving the JPEX trading platform last fall, resulting in substantial losses of $192 million. Growing list of VATP license applicantsLast month, four additional crypto exchanges, including the KuCoin-affiliated HKVAEX and Singapore-based Bybit, joined the list of official VATP license applicants. The SFC began publishing this list in response to the JPEX scandal, underscoring the importance of regulatory compliance in the cryptocurrency sector. Hong Kong's virtual asset regulation, enacted as an amendment to the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Ordinance last year, stipulates that companies engaged in selling or marketing cryptocurrencies to Hong Kong residents must apply for a license by Feb. 29. Those failing to do so must cease business operations in the city by May 31. Currently, OSL and HashKey are the only licensed exchanges in Hong Kong, having received an earlier voluntary license that was later upgraded to include retail investors. These exchanges are operating under an interim solution permitted by the SFC, allowing retail investors to trade on their platforms. Setting a high barWhile 14 companies have formally submitted license applications to date, Patricia Ho, General Counsel for blockchain company Scroll, told the South China Morning Post (SCMP) that the stringent requirements set by Hong Kong have led to a selective process. Ho explained that the city has intentionally set a high bar for application submission, resulting in only the most committed and resourceful entities progressing to the application stage. Last month, it emerged that the SFC had acted to bolster investor protection by introducing a minimum insurance requirement of 50% for licensed crypto exchanges that handle customer funds. It is also planning to introduce a regulatory framework relative to crypto over-the-counter (OTC) trading desks. The SFC is also monitoring individual crypto projects, as last week, the regulator issued a stern warning to those behind the offering of the Floki and TokenFi staking programs. As the deadline approaches, Ho anticipates potential enforcement actions against smaller platforms operating in legal gray areas. Larger platforms, on the other hand, have already begun restricting access from Hong Kong. 

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Web3 & Enterprise·

May 15, 2024

Liminal expands into Middle East via Abu Dhabi approval

Liminal, a Singapore-based digital asset custodian, has gained regulatory approval in Abu Dhabi, as part of a series of recent steps the company has taken to expand across Asia and the Middle East. Extending digital asset custody to the Middle EastTaking to the X social media platform on May 13, the company outlined that its First Answer Middle East subsidiary received Financial Services Permission (FSP) from the Abu Dhabi Global Market's (ADGM) Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA) on May 9. The approval allows the firm to provide digital asset custody in the region. Liminal had initially been granted in-principle approval last year. In a series of posts, the company outlined that it sees Abu Dhabi’s regulatory framework in respect of digital assets as forward-thinking. It drew particular attention to the work of the FSRA in developing a robust framework to enable institutions to enter the digital assets space.Photo by Sohail Sarwar on UnsplashGame changerOn the actual license approval itself, the company stated, “The FSP license allows Liminal to hold, manage, and safeguard digital assets on behalf of institutions, hedge funds, venture capitalists and professional clients. This is a game-changer for digital asset custody practices in the region.” Further regional expansionOver the course of recent months, Liminal has scored a number of regulatory successes within the Asia Pacific (APAC) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. Its success within the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has not been confined to Abu Dhabi. In April, First Answer Custody FZE, a Dubai-based subsidiary company, secured initial approval from the emirate's regulator, the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA).  Meanwhile, Liminal's Indian subsidiary, First Answer India Technologies, has been established and registered as a reporting entity. As a consequence, it has become the first digital asset custodian registered with India’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), an organization that falls under the umbrella of the Department of Revenue, and  which collects financial intelligence relative to money laundering.  Making further in-roads within the world’s most populous country in November, India’s Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) appointed the firm with a mandate to manage seized digital assets. Liminal has ties with India insofar as it was founded by Mahin Gupta in 2021, the co-founder of crypto exchange ZebPay. In an interview with CoinDesk, Manan Vora, senior vice president of strategy and business operations at Liminal stated:"We initiated a strategic drive two years ago to secure regulatory licenses in key markets across APAC and EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa), strategically positioning ourselves to cater to institutional clients.” Vora added: "Our strategic vision is to expand from our present technology presence in Europe and Taiwan to pushing for regulatory victories there. In Indonesia, we are already working as a technology provider for the nation's sovereign digital asset exchange." Within its home market of Singapore, Liminal was grandfathered into a new licensing system that the city-state introduced recently in respect of digital asset custody as a consequence of already having been a provider of such services in Singapore. The company has been given a grace period of six months. Within that timeframe, it intends to submit an application to local regulator, the Monetary Authority of Singapore. 

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