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a16z establishes Seoul presence as Asia’s retail crypto market evolves

Web3 & Enterprise·December 12, 2025, 8:31 AM

Andreessen Horowitz is deepening its bet on Asia’s retail crypto boom, even as trading on South Korea’s largest exchanges has cooled from last year’s peaks.

 

The firm’s crypto arm, a16z crypto, said in a press release that it has opened its first Asia office in Seoul, citing South Korea’s high level of retail participation. Nearly one in three South Korean adults owns cryptocurrency, exceeding the share of stock investors, according to the firm. The move comes as the broader Asia-Pacific region cements its role as a hub of grassroots crypto activity, a trend highlighted in Chainalysis’ 2025 Global Crypto Adoption Index.

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Altcoin-heavy retail market

South Korea has been a major contributor to that growth. Bloomberg reported in October that digital assets have increasingly become a long-term savings vehicle for many South Koreans, particularly those trying to purchase homes. Trading on local platforms remains heavily skewed toward higher-risk altcoins, which account for more than 80% of total volume across domestic exchanges.

 

Still, overall activity has dropped sharply over the past year. A November report from Wu Blockchain said trading on Upbit, the country’s largest exchange, is down about 80% from a year earlier. The platform averaged $1.78 billion in daily volume in November 2025, compared with roughly $9 billion in December 2024. Bithumb, the second-largest exchange, saw a similar pullback, with average daily volume falling from $2.45 billion last December to about $890 million this November. Some of that retail liquidity appears to have rotated into equities, with the benchmark KOSPI index up more than 72% year-to-date.

 

Asia’s wealthy to increase crypto exposure

Even as spot volumes recede, higher–net–worth investors across the region are signaling longer-term interest. Sygnum’s APAC HNWI Report 2025, cited by Cointelegraph, found that 60% of surveyed high-net-worth individuals plan to increase their crypto exposure over the next two to five years. The report said 87% of respondents already hold digital assets; about half allocate more than 10% of their portfolios, and the average allocation is around 17%.

 

The survey included 270 participants with more than $1 million in investable assets or extensive professional investing experience, drawn from ten Asia-Pacific markets led by Singapore and including Hong Kong, Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand. Overall, 90% of respondents said they view digital assets as important for long-term wealth preservation and legacy planning, rather than primarily as a speculative trade.

 

Anchored by the new Seoul office, a16z crypto said it plans to provide go-to-market support for portfolio companies seeking to expand in Asia, including help with distribution, partnerships and community building. The effort will be led by Park Sung-mo, whose previous roles include positions at Monad Foundation and Polygon Labs, as Head of APAC go-to-market.

 

Pakistan looks to crypto for financial modernization

Policy debates elsewhere in Asia also reflect growing interest in digital assets' economic role. At the Bitcoin MENA Conference on Dec. 9, Pakistan’s Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority chairman Bilal Bin Saqib said the country needs to move beyond conventional economic structures and leverage digital assets as a new source of momentum, according to Cointelegraph.

 

He argued that digital assets and blockchain could form part of a new financial architecture for the Global South, not merely serve speculative use cases. The country’s youth-heavy population, about 70% under age 30, was central to his view that it could take a leading position in crypto adoption. Chainalysis’ 2025 index placed Pakistan third worldwide, pointing to how policymakers in emerging markets are increasingly factoring digital assets into long-term economic strategies.

 

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Policy & Regulation·

Jan 23, 2026

Korean lawmakers eye crypto to lift secondary KOSDAQ market as KOSPI hits 5,000

South Korea’s benchmark stock index, the KOSPI, crossed the 5,000 mark for the first time on Jan. 22, sparking excitement across the market. With investor sentiment improving, the ruling Democratic Party of Korea (DPK) has floated the idea of using digital assets to help boost the KOSDAQ—Korea’s secondary stock market—toward the 3,000 level.Photo by Burak The Weekender on PexelsThe proposal was raised during a luncheon at the Blue House attended by DPK members and President Lee Jae-myung. During the meeting, DPK lawmaker Min Byeong-dug highlighted the role cryptocurrencies could play in expanding the KOSDAQ, according to the Maeil Business Newspaper. While the KOSPI is home to large, established firms with strict listing requirements, the KOSDAQ operates under looser standards and primarily lists small and medium-sized companies, including startups. Leveraging STOs and stablecoinsMin’s argument is that the KOSDAQ could grow further if these companies begin using digital asset tools such as security token offerings (STOs), won-pegged stablecoins, and other crypto-based products. The lawmaker also pushed back against the idea that traditional banks should be the principal force behind won-backed stablecoin initiatives—putting him at odds with the direction favored by the Bank of Korea. The Korean government and the DPK aim to finalize legislation covering won-pegged stablecoins by March, as debate continues over which entities should be allowed to issue them. Citing financial stability concerns, regulators have signaled that early issuance should be restricted to bank-led consortia in which lenders maintain a controlling stake. However, the push to frame digital assets as a new engine for market growth comes at a time when South Korea’s crypto trading activity has cooled sharply. Data from CoinGecko, cited by the Maeil Business Newspaper's Telegram channel, showed that combined daily trading volume across the country’s five largest exchanges—Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax—totaled 3.46 trillion won ($2.36 billion) on Jan. 18, down more than 80% from a year earlier. Average daily trading volume in January 2025 hovered near 10 trillion won ($6.8 billion), driven in part by optimism that Donald Trump’s return to the U.S. presidency would boost the market. Exactly a year later, that momentum has faded, with daily volume falling below five trillion won ($3.4 billion) and only briefly rising above that level on Jan. 6 and Jan. 14. The slowdown is also visible in pricing. Bitcoin, the world’s largest cryptocurrency, is currently trading at around $89,000, roughly 30% below its all-time high recorded on Oct. 7, 2025, and has fallen 6.58% over the past week. Investors demand utility as hype fadesRegardless of price fluctuations, the legislative push suggests an ongoing interest in treating digital assets as a functional layer of the financial system. For Min’s proposal to translate into real support for the stock market, however, the crypto products linked to KOSDAQ growth would need to prove clear practical value. That emphasis is echoed in investor sentiment. A recent weekly survey by CoinNess and Cratos of 2,000 Koreans found that the most common belief about what altcoin projects need to survive is real-world usefulness and the ability to generate revenue: 37.5% of respondents chose that option. Another 21.8% pointed to listings on major exchanges, while 20.2% cited the importance of a compelling narrative aligned with market trends. Meanwhile, 10.9% said a large community mattered most, and 9.6% said altcoins are unlikely to succeed under any circumstances. 

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Policy & Regulation·

Oct 05, 2023

KCS Says Illegal Forex Transactions for Crypto Purchases Amount to $7.7B

KCS Says Illegal Forex Transactions for Crypto Purchases Amount to $7.7BOver the past five years, the total value of illegal foreign exchange transactions associated with virtual asset purchases has amounted to approximately KRW 10.4 trillion ($7.7 billion), according to the Korea Customs Service’s report received on Thursday by Go Yong-jin, a member of the Democratic Party of Korea on the National Assembly’s Strategy and Finance Committee.Photo by Sasun Bughdaryan on Unsplash“Illegal transactions on foreign exchanges for the purchase of virtual assets are occurring due to the higher prices of virtual assets in Korea compared to prices abroad,” Go explained.Crimes incited by crypto waveThe data showed that the number of violations subject to fines was 6,066, involving forex transactions of KRW 2.3 trillion. In particular, violations made in 2020 and 2022 accounted for the majority, making up 78.7% with 4,775 cases and a value of KRW 1.9 trillion, or 83.7% of the cumulative total. This indicates a substantial increase in illegal activities during the periods when the crypto investment frenzy in Korea was at its peak.Uncovering key patternsWhile foreign exchange transactions were primarily intended for acquiring virtual assets, they were often disguised as trade payments. There were also cases where individuals withdrew foreign currency from overseas ATMs to buy cryptocurrencies. These two scenarios were the most prevalent cases for which fines were imposed. More specifically, among the 6,066 violations, there were 4,518 instances of the former and 1,486 cases of the latter. The transferred funds amounted to KRW 1.9 trillion and KRW 407 billion, respectively.During the five-year period, individuals involved in 93 cases of these forex activities — collectively valued at KRW 8.1 trillion — were penalized following the referral of their cases to prosecutors. In particular, the violations in 2022 accounted for 70.3% (KRW 5.7 trillion). This could be accredited to the breakout of suspicious large-scale forex transactions last year, which prompted local authorities such as the Korea Customs Service and the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) to initiate planned investigations.The most common type of illegal foreign exchange transaction cases referred to prosecutors was similar to those that incurred fines: overseas remittances disguised as trade payments, constituting 49.9% (KRW 4 trillion) of all cases. Transferring foreign currency via unregistered entities was the second most common violation, making up 47.2% (KRW 3.8 trillion). These transfers breach the Foreign Exchange Transactions Act and are always reported to prosecutors.Go thereby called on authorities to intensify crackdowns on illegal forex transactions aimed at trading virtual assets and to revise foreign exchange regulations accordingly.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Sep 21, 2023

Nomura Subsidiary Launches Bitcoin Adoption Fund

Nomura Subsidiary Launches Bitcoin Adoption FundNomura, Japan’s largest investment bank and brokerage group boasting over $500 billion in assets, has ventured further into the world of digital assets by unveiling its Bitcoin Adoption Fund through its digital asset subsidiary, Laser Digital Asset Management.The move signifies a further commitment from the Japanese financial services conglomerate in embracing digital innovation within the financial sector. The fund will cater specifically to institutional investors looking to explore the expanding area of digital assets.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashEnabling long-term Bitcoin exposureLaser Digital Asset Management is introducing the Bitcoin Adoption Fund as the first installment in a series of digital adoption investment solutions crafted with institutional investors in mind. The firm announced details of the new fund via a press release published to its website on Tuesday.The primary objective of this fund is to provide institutional investors with a long-term avenue for exposure to Bitcoin, enabling them to partake in the potential gains offered by the world’s most well-known digital asset.Sebastian Guglietta, Head of Laser Digital Asset Management, underscored Bitcoin’s pivotal role in ushering in a transformative global economic shift and posits that long-term exposure to Bitcoin is the ideal means for investors to harness this profound macroeconomic trend.“Technology is a key driver of global economic growth and is transforming a large part of the economy from analogue to digital,” Guglietta said. “Bitcoin is one of the enablers of this long-lasting transformational change and long-term exposure to Bitcoin offers a solution to investors to capture this macro trend,” he added.Komainu partnershipIn bringing the fund to market, Laser Digital has partnered with digital asset custodian Komainu. Komainu was founded in 2018 as a collaborative endeavor between Nomura, Ledger, and CoinShares.Nomura’s foray into digital assets is by no means a newfound interest. As early as September 2022, the firm had initiated its digital asset venture capital arm, positioning itself at the vanguard of digital innovation. In addition to this, Laser Digital secured a trading license from Dubai’s Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA) to operate within the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Nomura’s launch of the Bitcoin Adoption Fund is in perfect alignment with the broader trend of heightened institutional interest in Bitcoin-centric investment products. Regulatory bodies globally have granted approval for a range of Bitcoin-focused investment products in recent years, including Bitcoin-based futures exchange-traded funds (ETFs). These developments underscore the growing acceptance of cryptocurrencies within traditional finance circles.Laser Digital was founded by Nomura executives Steven Ashley and Jez Mohideen. Ashley previously led Nomura’s wholesale division while Mohideen was Nomura’s Chief Digital Officer and Co-Head of Global Markets for the EMEA region. The firm has invested in Singapore-based DeFi startup, Solv Protocol.It has registered as a mutual fund via the Cayman Islands Regulatory Authority, while the company has registered for product marketing purposes in Ireland, Luxembourg, and the UK.

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