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Korea eyes tokenized bonds, exchange banking reform

Policy & Regulation·July 06, 2026, 6:48 AM

South Korea's central bank governor has called for tokenizing government bonds and other assets, telling global peers that moving sovereign debt onto a shared digital ledger could reinforce monetary policy and financial stability.

 

Speaking at the European Central Bank's annual forum in Sintra, Portugal, Bank of Korea Governor Hyun Song Shin said central banks should look beyond tokenizing money and deposits to assets such as government bonds and equities, according to Korea Economic Daily TV. He made the case in a paper titled "A unified ledger in practice: lessons from Project Hangang," based on the BOK's pilot of the same name.

 

Shin described a unified ledger as a blueprint for a future monetary system: central bank money, bank deposits and assets sharing one programmable platform. In an asset trade, payment and settlement sit on that single platform and clear at once, so ownership changes hands the instant payment is made.

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Photo by Markus Winkler on Unsplash

Tokenized bonds as a policy tool

In the pilot's first phase, launched in October 2023, the BOK and commercial banks issued a wholesale central bank digital currency and tokenized bank deposits to test the concept, which is drawn from the Bank for International Settlements. Shin said the exercise showed deposit tokens could serve as a new means of payment, and that programmable rules could stop funds being misused the moment a transaction is made. Putting sovereign bonds on such a ledger, he added, would reinforce the bank's key mandates of monetary policy and financial stability.

 

A second phase, due in the second half of this year, will apply those programmable features to government spending, beginning with electric-vehicle charging subsidies and public-sector expenses. Shin also floated linking the system to Project Agora, a cross-border settlement effort backed by seven central banks, to clear foreign-exchange and securities trades in a single step and widen international use of the Korean won.

 

Regulators eye exchange banking rules

Back home, the Financial Services Commission (FSC) moved on two fronts of its own. The regulator has begun canvassing won-based exchanges and their partner banks about the practice of tying each exchange to a single bank for real-name accounts, Financial News reported. At issue is whether the current setup could handle an influx of institutions as authorities prepare to open the market to companies. Currently, crypto exchange Upbit works only with Kbank, and Bithumb only with KB Kookmin. Regulators are now weighing whether to loosen this one-to-one arrangement, letting one exchange use several banks or one bank serve several platforms, and separately whether to route crypto services through securities firms' trading apps.

 

The FSC also referred two manipulation cases to prosecutors, Maeil Business Newspaper reported. In the first, a whale spent tens of billions of won (tens of millions of dollars) to corner about half the global supply of a token listed at home and abroad, pumping its price on an overseas venue over roughly two months before using arbitrage to lure Korean buyers. The trader lost money offshore but booked bigger gains at home, concentrating the damage on local investors. In the second, a trader loaded up on a domestically issued "kimchi coin," then used an API to fire repeated buy and sell orders within a single second and posted inflated bids to push the price up before selling into the demand.

 

The FSC urged investors not to chase coins that spike without clear cause, warned of pump-and-dump schemes, and said it would step up disclosure of activity by large holders and sharpen alerts for trading concentrated in a few accounts.

 

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Policy & Regulation·

Nov 17, 2025

Japan Exchange Group weighs tougher scrutiny of crypto treasury firms

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Metaplanet emphasized its willingness to engage in constructive dialogue with regulators should any inquiries arise. According to BitcoinTreasuries.net data, Metaplanet is currently Japan’s largest corporate Bitcoin holder and ranks fourth globally among public companies, trailing only Strategy, MARA Holdings, and XXI. The extent of the firm’s commitment to this strategy was highlighted by Shinpei Okuno, Metaplanet’s Head of IR and Capital Strategy, who shared the company’s holdings via X. Balance sheet data as of September 30, 2025, reveals that Bitcoin accounts for 99% of Metaplanet’s total assets, 542.7 billion yen out of 550.7 billion yen. Okuno noted that the company aims to maintain a balance sheet structure that supports the issuance of digital credits collateralized by its crypto holdings. Market performance and sector outlookThe stock performance of DAT firms highlights the market's reaction to these risks. According to Yahoo Finance data, Metaplanet’s share price has declined 40.29% over the past six months to 372 yen. This drop outpaces Bitcoin’s 8% decline over the same period. This downward pressure is visible across the broader DAT sector. Decrypt reported that Strategy's stock has fallen 50% from its July peak, while SharpLink, which invests in Ethereum, has dropped nearly 90%. Data from StrategyTracker indicates that the market-net-asset values (mNAVs) of these firms have slipped to near or below 1, reflecting depressed valuations. Analysts warn that low mNAVs complicate capital raising efforts, potentially forcing these firms to liquidate crypto holdings to cover operating expenses. At the same time, the analysts acknowledged possible tailwinds. Fakhul Miah, Managing Director at GoMining Institutional, told Decrypt that Bitcoin-oriented DATs generally outperform those investing in multiple, higher-risk crypto assets. He suggested that if U.S. economic data indicates easing inflation and the Federal Reserve cuts rates in December, Bitcoin could rally. Yaroslav Patsira, Fractional Director at CEX.IO, echoed this sentiment, noting that the outlook for DATs is tied closely to Bitcoin’s potential upside. Taking a longer-term view, Decrypt noted that despite the recent pullback, crypto-related equities have shown strong year-to-date (YTD) performance relative to the underlying asset. Galaxy Digital is up 73.4% and SharpLink 43.2% YTD, compared to Bitcoin’s 8.6% gain, suggesting the current correction is taking place within a broader uptrend. Japanese stablecoin push faces U.S. resistanceBeyond the equity markets, Japanese crypto initiatives are also encountering regulatory friction in the U.S. Decrypt reported that a coalition of small U.S. banks has formally objected to a bid by Connectia Trust, a proposed subsidiary of Sony Bank, to issue dollar-backed stablecoins in the U.S. Sony Group’s banking arm last month applied to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for a national trust charter to facilitate these issuances. The Independent Community Bankers of America (ICBA) argues that the Japanese institution is attempting to exploit regulatory gaps to avoid the oversight applied to traditional banks, noting that Connectia’s stablecoin bears similarities to bank deposits. However, Kadan Stadelmann, CTO of Komodo Platform, offered a different view, telling Decrypt the concerns are “overstated and driven by big-bank interests.” As Connectia’s application undergoes U.S. regulatory review, it has once again exposed the underlying divide between established banking interests and crypto-native approaches to financial services, particularly around how stablecoin issuers should be overseen.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Dec 12, 2025

a16z establishes Seoul presence as Asia’s retail crypto market evolves

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Aug 18, 2023

Wemade Signs Contracts with Game Developers to Expand WEMIX PLAY’s Lineup

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