Asian Firms Feature in Ledger’s Institutional Trading Offering

DWF Labs, a Singapore-based crypto sector investment firm and market maker, has decided to move its headquarters to Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Alongside its current offices and headquarters in Singapore, the company has established offices in Dubai, Hong Kong, Switzerland, South Korea and the British Virgin Islands (BVI).Photo by Adnan Uddin on PexelsFocusing on MENA growthIn an X post published on Dec. 2, DWF Labs Co-Founder Andrei Grachev announced the change of headquarters location from Singapore to Abu Dhabi, stating: “In order to build a strong presence in the Middle East and run more RWA [Real World Assets] and financial services there, @DWFLabs is moving the headquarter to Abu Dhabi.” Grachev added that more news in this regard will be announced soon, advising stakeholders to stay tuned regarding the matter. In the past, the DWF Labs founder has highlighted the significance of the Middle Eastern market.  Earlier this year, he suggested that the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) market is “one of the fastest growing markets in the world,” while commenting on the firm’s partnership with the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC), a Dubai-based ecosystem for blockchain and distributed ledger technologies.  That isn’t the firm’s only partnership within the UAE. In September, it emerged that it had partnered with Abu Dhabi-based Web3 venture capital firm Klumi Ventures. The firms intend to collaborate in relation to the offering of strategic crypto advisory services in the UAE, investments and market making, market education and in the facilitation of over-the-counter (OTC) deals and crypto asset options. Strategic positioningAt the time, Grachev said that the two firms were “strategically positioned to drive the digital transformation in the UAE,” with the ability to empower both new market entrants and established institutions to succeed within the digital assets arena. It appears that Grachev has been spending a significant amount of time in Abu Dhabi of late. On Sept. 25, he posted on X that he had arrived in Abu Dhabi and was “cooking something special for the industry.” He followed up on that more recently, posting a selfie on X on Nov. 25 with the caption “Chef cooking in Abu Dhabi.” The authorities in both Dubai and Abu Dhabi, as well as Singapore, have all been working towards attracting crypto startups to their cities. All of them have had some success in that regard, although DWF Labs’ move away from Singapore indicates how competitive this environment is and how mobile crypto startups are. ADGM crypto hubIn the case of Abu Dhabi, most crypto sector activity has happened within the city’s international financial centre (ADGM), which has attracted projects such as the Kaia DLT Foundation, stablecoin issuer Paxos, blockchain infrastructure firm Blockdaemon, crypto custodian Liminal, crypto venture capital fund Token Bay Capital and many others. DWF Labs was first founded in Singapore in 2022. It has established ecosystem funds and grants relative to projects such as EOS, Floki, Gala Chain, Klaytn and TON. Additionally, the firm has just announced the launch of a $20 million fund focused on meme coin projects.

Genesis Ordered to Comply with Subpoena in Terraform Labs CaseGenesis, the troubled crypto lender and trading company, has been issued a compelling directive by a New York court. The court has mandated Genesis to comply with a subpoena within five days, following a failure to respond to previous requests by the October 9 deadline, relative to a case involving Singapore’s Terraform Labs.Photo by Michael Discenza on UnsplashTerraUSD collapse falloutThese requests are related to the 2022 collapse of the TerraUSD stablecoin, a cryptocurrency which was supposed to maintain a peg to the US dollar’s value until it lost that peg and collapsed. At the time, the demise of TerraUSD reverberated throughout the cryptocurrency markets.In response to this collapse, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) initiated a legal action against Terraform Labs, the company responsible for the token, and its co-founder Do Kwon, alleging that investors had been misled. Both Do Kwon and Terraform subsequently tried unsuccessfully to have the case dismissed.As part of the progression of this case, the SEC sought to question Do Kwon and gain access to company records held by the Singapore-headquartered firm. The defendants were ultimately unsuccessful in arguing their case in that instance on jurisdictional grounds.Failure to respondJudge Jed Rakoff, in a court order filed on Friday, highlighted Genesis’s non-compliance with the subpoenas, stating:“As of today, the Genesis Entities have failed to produce any documents in response to the Subpoenas.”These subpoenas were issued by the defendants to seek specific information from Genesis Global Capital, Genesis Global Holdco, and Genesis Global Trading on September 12.The court order does not specify the nature of the information sought. It is worth noting that Genesis extended substantial loans to the now-defunct hedge fund Three Arrows Capital (3AC), which was heavily exposed to the TerraUSD stablecoin. In January 2023, three Genesis entities filed for bankruptcy, and its trading arm ceased its US spot market operations in September.In addition to the challenge posed by Genesis’ non-compliance, Judge Rakoff is also wrestling with obtaining information from Do Kwon in connection with the legal proceedings. Kwon’s legal representatives have argued that he cannot physically come to the US as he is serving a jail sentence in Montenegro for possession of a counterfeit passport.However, Judge Rakoff has expressed his determination to ensure Kwon’s availability for cross-questioning and stated that Kwon will not be allowed to provide any declarations in the case without being subject to cross-examination.Citadel under scrutinyIn a related development, it emerged last week that Terraform Labs is accusing American market maker Citadel Securities of having sabotaged its TerraUSD stablecoin. As part of the Singaporean company’s pursuit of justice, it has called upon the United States District Court in the Southern District of Florida to force Citadel to furnish specific documents that relate to their trading activities during the period within which TerraUSD collapsed.Should it fail in that endeavor, Terraform has said that it will look to have the matter heard in Judge Rakoff’s court in New York.This legal development concerning Genesis marks a crucial juncture in the ongoing investigation into the TerraUSD stablecoin’s collapse and the actions of the entities involved, with Genesis now facing increased pressure to cooperate fully with the legal process.

Tether Critics Point to Previous Chinese Securities BackingUSDT stablecoin issuer Tether (USDT) has long faced persistent scrutiny and criticism due to the lack of transparency surrounding the assets backing their digital currencies. The latest allegations come in the form of a report by Bloomberg on Friday suggesting that the world’s largest stablecoin was once backed by securities issued by Chinese companies.Photo by Manuel Joseph on PexelsNYAG releases documentsThese findings were based on documents made public by the New York Attorney General (NY AG). The documents disclosed that Tether had listed securities issued by China’s state-owned Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and Agricultural Bank of China as part of its reserves backing the USDT stablecoin.Rumors about USDT’s exposure to Chinese securities have circulated for a number of years. In 2021, a Bloomberg research report revealed that Tether’s reserves reportedly included billions of dollars in short-term loans to China-based companies, as well as a significant loan to the collapsed crypto lender Celsius Network.However, in February 2021, Tether reached a settlement with the NY AG’s office over accusations of providing misleading information about its reserves and losses. To address these concerns, Tether handed over documents such as letters, bank accounts, reserve holdings, and wallet addresses through the law firm Steptoe.Attestation reportTether’s latest attestation report for Q1 2023, released on May 10, offered further details about its reserves. According to the report, Tether’s reserves were valued at $81.8 billion at the end of the quarter, a significant increase from the earlier period of $14.8 billion. These reserves consisted of $53 billion in US Treasuries, $1.5 billion in Bitcoin, and $5.3 billion in loans described as “over-collateralized.”The disclosure of Tether’s previous backing by Chinese securities adds another layer of complexity to the stablecoin landscape, raising questions about the risk exposure and potential impact on the stability of these digital assets. Using Chinese commercial paper to back a US dollar stablecoin is a risky endeavor.It raises the same issues as we’ve seen with the plethora of crypto lenders that went bankrupt in 2022. In those cases, they were using customer money to speculate and turn a profit. That’s fine when it works but when it goes wrong, it is customers who suffer. In its defense, Tether has stated that it only held A1 rated banking sector Chinese commercial paper in 2022 in state-owned Chinese companies like Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Ltd., China Construction Bank Corp., and Agricultural Bank of China Ltd. It reduced this exposure to zero later that year.With the cryptocurrency community and regulators seeking greater transparency and accountability, the industry is likely to face increased scrutiny and calls for enhanced regulations to ensure the integrity of stablecoin operations moving forward.As regulators continue to assess and navigate the evolving crypto market, it remains to be seen how the industry will address these concerns and establish clearer guidelines for stablecoin issuers to ensure the trust and confidence of market participants.