Samil PwC seminar informs companies about crypto accounting amid shifting Korean regulations

Incheon Launches Blockchain Hub Center to Lead Web3 EraIncheon Metropolitan City announced Monday that it has established the Incheon Blockchain Hub Center at the heart of the city in an effort to establish itself as a blockchain hub in Korea and usher in the era of Web3.Photo by Hon Kim on UnsplashThe center, located in the Jemulpo Smart Town building, will house various facilities, including offices for the Incheon Technopark Blockchain Center, blockchain companies, and startups, as well as spaces for technological development and relaxation.Fostering innovation and cooperationThe center aims to undertake systematic and diverse projects that citizens and businesses alike can benefit from. This includes supporting tenants of the hub center, providing an environment for technology development and demonstration, and funding blockchain technology development. It will also serve as a spot for Incheon Technopark’s blockchain acceleration program, business model exploration and design, and events such as blockchain hackathons and conferences.The city is also set to hold an opening ceremony for the center on Wednesday, during which over 20 organizations and firms will gather for the inauguration of a committee dedicated to promoting mutually beneficial relationships between blockchain-based service providers and consumers. Among the consumers are central and municipal governments and state-run agencies. Initiating connections and making business support processes more efficient will constitute the committee’s core tasks, the city said.Incheon’s vision for Web3“The world is evolving to accommodate Web3, the new blockchain-based Internet, amid the global trend of digital transformation,” said Lee Nam-joo, Director of Incheon’s Future Industry Bureau. In accordance with this transformation, he said, the city of Incheon would push on to become a leading blockchain hub with a globally competitive edge by continually implementing various projects and policies through the committee — including joint projects between the public and private sectors — to provide support for business and technological development.In more efforts to build an active blockchain industry, Incheon is also currently operating a blockchain education program and regularly hosts events and hackathons to promote the widespread use of Web3 technology. Notably, a two-day conference dubbed “Global Blockchain Incheon Conference” is scheduled to take place from October 30 to 31 in the city’s southern district Songdo.

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.

Reports from South Korea indicate that the nation is considering transforming its temporary crypto investigative unit into a permanent fixture to tackle the escalating cases of crimes and fraud related to cryptocurrencies. Government deliberations to elevate investigative unitAccording to local publication Segye Ilbo, the South Korean Justice Ministry and the Ministry of the Interior and Safety are gearing up to commence discussions in early May regarding the elevation of the Joint Virtual Asset Crime Investigation Unit to an official department.Photo by Daniel Bernard on UnsplashAims of the promotionThe proposed elevation seeks to formalize the status of the unit, which currently operates as a temporary body under the Seoul Southern District Prosecutor’s Office and faces the possibility of disbandment. The transition aims to enhance operational efficiency by facilitating the appointment of new prosecutors and allocating dedicated budgetary resources, as outlined by Segye. Background of the investigative unitEstablished in July 2023, the unit comprises approximately 30 experts drawn from seven financial and tax regulatory authorities. It represents South Korea's inaugural investigative body specializing in digital asset crimes, a response to the surge in crypto-related criminal activities witnessed in the country. Rising incidents of crypto-related crimesThe urgency to establish a permanent investigative unit stems from the notable increase in crypto-related criminal incidents. According to a February report from South Korea’s Financial Intelligence Unit, local crypto firms reported a total of 16,076 suspicious transactions in 2023, reflecting a significant 49% surge compared to the previous year. Upcoming crypto regulationsIn tandem with efforts to strengthen investigative capabilities, South Korea is preparing to implement its first comprehensive crypto regulation on July 19. The new regulatory framework aims to safeguard investors by imposing stricter penalties for market manipulation, including the possibility of life sentences in certain cases.