Bank of Korea Explores Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for Citizen-Centric CBDC Pilot Test

Japan’s largest bank, MUFG, has teamed up with KlimaDAO Japan, the provider of a digital reserve currency backed by carbon credits, to explore the use of the JPYC stablecoin for settling tokenized carbon credit transactions on the Progmat blockchain platform. Settlement on ProgmatProgmat provides the infrastructure to enable the issuance of various stablecoins. Last September, MUFG announced a collaboration with Binance geared towards stablecoin issuance. The JPYC stablecoin, operational since 2021, functions as a prepaid money instrument, similar to a prepaid card, due to its existence before Japan’s stablecoin legislation. Under new regulations, JPYC can either obtain a money transmitter license or issue a trust-style stablecoin with a bank like MUFG acting as the trustee for the stablecoin's reserves. Last year, JPYC formed a partnership with MUFG implicating the use of the Progmat platform.  This partnership, along with the involvement of Kansai Electric subsidiary Optage as the integration partner, sets the stage for the KlimaDAO stablecoin experiments. Optage will provide the corporate infrastructure required to manage the carbon credits added to the blockchain and provide a means for funds settlement to be achieved via bank transfer. Through the use of various local stablecoins for the purpose of settlement, it’s hoped that improved liquidity on a global basis may be achieved.Photo by Dan Meyers on UnsplashInitially recognized for making tokenized carbon credits accessible on public blockchains, KlimaDAO's functionality extends beyond this. The organization also offers the capability to retire credits. Last year, KlimaDAO expanded its reach by launching Carbonmark, an enterprise-focused marketplace.  This platform, which utilizes blockchain technology, namely Polygon, and smart contracts, offers a user-friendly experience by integrating traditional payment methods like bank transfers and SAP integration.  J-CreditsJapan operates a national scheme known as J-credits, and the Tokyo Stock Exchange has introduced a secondary market for these credits. J-credits are designed to certify the amount by which greenhouse gas emissions have been reduced through the use of carbon sinks in Japan. However, the volume of J-credit transactions remains low, reflecting the broader state of Japan's voluntary carbon market.  KlimaDAO aims to address this by launching the KlimaDAO Japan Market, simplifying the process for domestic companies to purchase and utilize carbon credits. This initiative will involve tokenizing J-credits, referred to as D-Carbons.  Andrew Bonneau, KlimaDAO co-founder, outlined on X that “@KlimaDAO is in a unique position to facilitate an efficient J-Credit market on chain, while serving as the base infrastructure for integrating these assets with 3rd party services.” While the initial phase will use traditional bank payments, the ultimate goal is to transition to using stablecoins, particularly the JPYC stablecoin. Norbert Gehrke, an observer of developments within the Japanese fintech scene, outlined on Medium that the Japanese carbon credit market is likely to reach three trillion yen ($19.15 billion) by 2030. Meanwhile, the global carbon credit market has a current value of 39 trillion yen ($249 billion). KlimaDAO Japan has mentioned the use of a permissionless blockchain for this initiative but has fallen short of confirming that the Polygon network will be relied upon. Japan has several homegrown blockchains, which might be considered for this project.  At the time of writing, the KLIMA token had risen 31% over the course of the previous 24 hours, with a unit price of $3.53 according to CoinGecko. 

Gemini Opening Engineering Center in IndiaUS-based crypto exchange Gemini announced on Thursday that it is in the midst of opening an engineering center in India. The company plans to open the center in Gurgaon, making it Gemini’s second largest engineering hub behind its existing base in the United States. Gemini also has offices in the United Kingdom, Singapore and Ireland.©Pexels/Studio Art SmileDeveloping next-gen user experiencesThe objective of the India-based engineering, design and operations team will be to work on the development of core platform fundamentals relative to compliance, security, payments, and data pipelines and warehousing. Furthermore, the unit is being set the goal of building new feature sets relative to the company’s NFT and digital asset marketplaces. What that team develops is intended to be used within Gemini’s overall retail and institutional product and service offering across in excess of seventy countries worldwide.In the statement published to its website, Pravit Tiwana, Gemini’s Global Chief Technology Officer (CTO) and Asia-Pacific (APAC) region Chief Executive Officer (CEO) stated that the firm is actively recruiting software engineers and technical product managers and for other technical roles to staff the Gurgaon facility. Tiwana emphasizes a need for people who are “inspired to learn quickly” relative to DeFi, Web3, NFTs and DAOs.Singapore expansionTiwana himself has been newly appointed to his role and in a separate announcement Gemini founders Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss welcomed Tiwana on-board. The statement also reveals that in addition to establishing an engineering team presence in India, it also intends to add a business team in India and to expand its business team at its existing Singapore base with the objective of growing its institutional and retail customer base in the APAC region.The Winklevii twins said that they believe that “crypto and Web3 products will continue to have a [sic] strong growth trajectories in APAC. Crypto knows no boundaries, and that is why Gemini is a global company.”Expanding beyond the USIt’s patently obvious to anyone following developments in the crypto space over the course of recent months that the Biden administration in the United States is currently hostile to crypto. The Washington, D.C. government has used various mechanisms of state including the Federal Reserve, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Department of Justice and the Department of the Treasury to instigate a purge against crypto companies, including those who bank crypto companies. That has seen key operators in the US crypto ecosystem looking beyond US borders right now.Earlier this week, Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong signaled that the company would act and move overseas if the regulatory environment in the United States didn’t improve. Subsequently, it emerged that Coinbase had established a presence in Bermuda. It’s being speculated that this entity could be used to float an offshore exchange. Similarly, the company is understood to be seeking a crypto license in Abu Dhabi.Gemini looking to develop overseas is likely to be motivated by similar concerns. Crypto companies can see that jurisdictional arbitrage applies and if governments act to stymie such business activity, other global centers such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Abu Dhabi, India and others will seize the opportunity and nurture that business and the innovation at hand.

Binance’s venture capital arm, Binance Labs, has made an investment in South Korean blockchain games developer, GOMBLE. Binance Labs is a division of the global crypto exchange entity that identifies, invests, and empowers viable blockchain entrepreneurs, startups and communities. In a blog post published by the company late last month, Binance Labs outlined that it has participated in funding GOMBLE at a seed funding round stage. GOMBLE  is an affiliate of South Korea-based 111Percent, a casual mobile game publisher. Sustainable blockchain gamingFor its part, GOMBLE’s objective is to enable the global casual gamer community to experience blockchain games through reward mechanisms that are sustainable. An additional focus for the project is advancing NFT interoperability, through the development of mobile-based blockchain.The start-up plans to use the funding in order to develop and release its first mobile game, RumbyStars. Furthermore, it will continue to pursue a games-as-a-service (GaaS) model, with funding also being used to expand that GaaS-based platform.While blockchain-based gaming had something of an initial breakthrough through the emergence of Axie Infinity, that success was secured with a focus on blockchain rather than gaming, attracting participation via a play-to-earn approach from those already focused primarily on blockchain. Subsequently, many have questioned the sustainability of this approach from the perspectives of gameplay and the tokenomics that support it. A $25 billion market opportunityGOMBLE is focusing on addressing these two factors through its approach. Casual games in the Web2 sphere have seen an uptick in popularity. The casual games sector has the potential to reach a $25 billion market volume within four years. Bringing that Web3 focus on enjoyable game play to Web3 gaming extends that opportunity to blockchain-based gaming.Additionally, GOMBLE is working towards mistakes made with blockchain based gaming tokenomics in the past. It will focus on more balanced tokenomics using its $CRT token for governance. $CRT can be earned by players through a tournament prize system. From the other perspective, it can be spent on NFT purchases, tournament passes and in buying in-game items.This is how Yi He, Head of Binance Labs interprets GOMBLE’s approach: “Blockchain gaming needs to move away from the concept of ‘earning’ to what truly captures the hearts of billions of gamers: entertaining gameplay. GOMBLE’s experienced team and focus on building engaging, social, and sustainable blockchain games with flexible governance offers a pathway for delivering the value of Web3 to existing casual gamers, thus welcoming new users to the BNB Chain ecosystem.” RumbyStarsThe blockchain gaming start-up is planning for a soft release of its first game, RumbyStars within SouthEast Asia in Q2, 2023. Following that limited regional launch, the project will then broaden the offering to North America, South America, East Asia and Europe.Gomble’s CEO Jihoon Byun said that “Unlike existing blockchain games that focus on core games, GOMBLE aims to target the global market with easy and fun casual games that even non-gamers can enjoy. Starting with RumbyStars, GOMBLE is focused on building to provide users around the world with a pleasant experience and a greater diversity of games in the future.”In order to execute on the roadmap the project has set out for itself, it will recruit more development and design manpower. Furthermore, investment will be made in infrastructure in order to enable real-time service.