Japan’s largest bank collaborates with KlimaDAO on carbon credit marketplace

The Philippines' central bank has confirmed it has no plans to issue a retail version of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) but that it has definite plans to introduce a wholesale-level CBDC, albeit without using blockchain as the underlying technology. Avoiding retail-level bank run riskThe bank expressed concerns that a retail CBDC could potentially trigger bank runs, given the velocity at which digital currency can be transacted. However, in an interview with local media outlet, the Inquirer, the central bank governor Eli Remolona clarified that within the next two years, the country has definite plans to roll out a wholesale CBDC. CBDCs come in retail and wholesale forms, with the former accessible to the general public and the latter exclusively for institutional use. While the Philippines central bank initiated an exploratory study previously relative to CBDC use, concerns have been raised by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) about the readiness of institutions to handle the risks associated with CBDCs.Photo by Krisia on PexelsDismissing blockchainDespite this move, the bank does not intend to utilize blockchain or digital ledger technology, which are fundamental to many virtual assets. Remolona stated: "Other central banks have tried blockchain, but it didn’t go well." Instead, the CBDC will operate on a payment and settlement system owned by the central bank, with a focus on wholesale transactions mediated by banks. This marks a shift in the central bank's approach to underlying technology where a CBDC is concerned. The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) initially embarked on an exploratory study regarding CBDCs in 2022, known as Project CBDCPh. Upon completion of that study, it followed up with a pilot project called Project Agila, concentrating on a wholesale CBDC. Project Agila leaned on the use of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain, considering it for use on the first wholesale CBDC.  Hyperledger Fabric is an open-source blockchain framework hosted by the Linux Foundation. Companies like IBM, SAP and Intel have all contributed to the development of the enterprise-grade permissioned blockchain network. However, it appears that the BSP is shying away from using any type of blockchain-based solution in establishing its CBDC. Regional steps towards CBDC useThe central bank of the Philippines is among several in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region that are working towards the introduction of a CBDC. Earlier this month an official from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) outlined that the central bank will move forward with CBDC development while working towards addressing privacy concerns that citizens may have with a digital rupee. Towards the end of last month, the Japanese government, in collaboration with the Bank of Japan, appeared to be gearing up for the rollout of a CBDC. In a recent meeting between both parties, several legislative matters were identified as key to ensuring a smooth path to the unobstructed launch of a digital currency. There has also been a lot of activity relative to attempts to utilize CBDCs for cross-border trade over the course of the past year. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the country announced the first-ever use of its CBDC or digital dirham in a trade deal with China using mBridge, a multi-CBDC platform that supports peer-to-peer, cross-border payments in real time.

Funding Round Sees HashKey Target Unicorn ValuationLeading financial technology company, Hong Kong-based HashKey Group, is looking to raise between $100 million and $200 million based on a $1 billion dollar company valuation that sees it take on unicorn status.According to an initial report by Bloomberg, early stage talks on the fund raise are progressing positively. It cites sources familiar with the matter in suggesting that as the fund raise negotiations progress, the terms of the offering, extent of the capital raise, and the valuation upon which its all based could change.Photo by Annie Spratt on UnsplashLeveraging a crypto-friendly environmentThe Web3 infrastructure developer and digital asset management firm has decided to take advantage of favorable conditions in Hong Kong in order to raise capital. The current business backdrop in the Chinese autonomous territory is particularly positive, and something that’s likely to make the capital raise a much easier task.Hong Kong has sought to create a crypto-friendly environment by way of both word and deed over the course of the past six months. With that being the case, it’s logical that there is tremendous opportunity for businesses like HashKey to achieve rapid growth in the nascent digital assets sector.Under the supervision of the Hong Kong regulator, Hashkey has already started to offer its services, one of only two companies (alongside OSL) to be permitted to trade in advance of the full implementation of licensing next month.While there have been some difficulties relative to banking the digital assets sector in Hong Kong, ZA Bank, Hong Kong’s largest virtual bank, has stepped up with the aspiration of banking the sector. ZA Bank is expected to facilitate crypto-fiat conversions with both of the currently licensed exchanges, HashKey and OSL, where customers can swap crypto into fiat currencies. The bank will also offer basic banking services to local web3 startups, a category that is currently underserved by traditional financial institutions.HashKey itself is cognizant of the conditions being right on the ground in Hong Kong and the opportunity that presents. Its chairman, Xiao Feng stated that Hong Kong is “very serious about building an international virtual asset center,” when speaking at the city’s Web3 Festival recently, an event that drew 13,000 attendees on its first day.Diversified service offeringThe firm’s activities in Hong Kong extend to HashKey Pro, a Hong Kong-compliant virtual asset exchange, and HashKey Capital, an investment firm. In April, the company established HashKey Wealth.This wealth management service offers investors access to a wide range of digital assets, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other cryptocurrencies, together with alternative investments such as decentralized finance (DeFi) projects and non-fungible tokens (NFTs).The program is designed to meet the needs of both institutional and high net worth individual investors. The investment strategies offered vary, ranging from passive to actively managed portfolios. Different risk profiles are employed to suit investors’ preferences. The program also provides a range of other services, including custody, trading, and portfolio rebalancing, to ensure that investors can manage their investments with ease.

Bankruptcy Judge Permits Terraform Labs to Subpoena FTXIn a significant development in the bankruptcy case of defunct crypto exchange FTX, a judge has granted Singapore-based Terraform Labs the authority to subpoena information related to its ongoing case brought by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).Photo by Bermix Studio on UnsplashHack allegationsTerraform Labs, the blockchain company that developed the Terra blockchain and failed US dollar stablecoin UST, claims that the failures of its algorithmic stablecoin and governance token were the result of an attack from short-sellers, possibly involving Alameda Research (FTX’s sister company).The order, issued by Judge John Dorsey on Monday, allows Terraform Labs to serve subpoenas to FTX Trading and FTX US, aimed at collecting evidence to support its defense against the SEC’s allegations of fraud. According to court filings, lawyers representing the FTX Debtor have not formally objected to the court order.Terraform Labs’ request for subpoena power stems from its belief that short-sellers connected to FTX entities played a role in the failure of the algorithmic stablecoin and governance token, leading to the collapse of the crypto firm. The ability to obtain information from FTX through the subpoenas could be crucial in bolstering Terraform Labs’ defense against the SEC’s fraud charges.UST collapse falloutThe collapse of the UST stablecoin in 2022 contributed to a major market crash, resulting in a significant drop in the prices of many tokens. As a result, the company filed for bankruptcy in November 2022. The Co-Founder of Terra, Do Kwon, is currently serving a four-month sentence in a Montenegrin prison for using false travel documents. He may also face extradition to the United States or South Korea on fraud charges related to Terraform Labs.Motion to dismiss deniedIn a separate high-stakes ruling, US District Judge Jed Rakoff denied Terraform Labs’ motion to dismiss the securities fraud lawsuit filed by the SEC. The judge’s decision allows the SEC’s case against Terraform Labs and Do Kwon to proceed, rejecting defense arguments that the agency lacked jurisdiction and that Terraform’s TerraUSD stablecoin did not qualify as an unregistered security.Judge Rakoff’s ruling is a significant victory for the SEC as it intensifies its enforcement actions against crypto companies involved in allegedly unlawful token sales. He found the collapse of TerraUSD, which lost its dollar peg and incurred a $40 billion loss last year, plausible as a reason to consider the token as a security that should have been registered.Moreover, Rakoff dismissed Terraform’s claim that the SEC lacked the authority to regulate stablecoins without explicit Congressional authorization, asserting that the crypto industry was significant enough to warrant application of the “Major Questions Doctrine.” This doctrine limits agency overreach into major political issues but does not apply to the crypto asset markets.The judge also rebuffed Terraform Labs’ attempts to draw parallels between the Ripple case and its own. In the Ripple case, a different judge ruled that Ripple’s XRP token sales to retail investors did not violate securities laws due to the manner of purchase on secondary markets. Rakoff firmly stated that such distinctions did not apply under the legal Howey test governing whether crypto assets qualify as securities.