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Japanese Exchanges Canvas Regulator to Permit 10x LeverageJapan’s cryptocurrency exchanges are advocating for looser regulations on margin trading, despite the global digital asset market crash experienced last year.According to a report published by Bloomberg on Monday, The Japan Virtual & Crypto Assets Exchange Association has revealed that many industry insiders are seeking leverage limits of four to 10 times for retail investors.Currently, customers are limited to doubling their exposure through borrowing. Genki Oda, the Vice Chairman of the association, believes that relaxing the leverage rule could enhance Japan’s appeal to crypto and blockchain companies, thereby stimulating increased trading activity.Photo by Su San Lee on UnsplashOngoing discussionJapanese digital asset exchanges are currently engaged in discussions to establish a consensus on the recommended leverage limit. They are planning to present their proposal to the Financial Services Agency (FSA) as early as next month.While Japan has made some efforts to ease certain cryptocurrency regulations, such as token listing and taxation, the overall regulatory environment is considered strict. The FSA expects crypto firms to provide solid justifications for loosening margin trading caps, demonstrating how it would contribute to the government’s objective of expanding blockchain-based industries. However, the agency remains open to discussions with digital asset businesses on the matter.Plummeting trade volumesPreviously, Japanese crypto platforms offered leverage up to 25 times, resulting in annual margin trading volumes of approximately $500 billion in 2020 and 2021. However, after the FSA imposed a limit of two times to curb excessive speculation and protect investors from amplified losses, trading volumes plummeted by 75% in 2022.In other parts of the world, digital asset exchanges typically offer spot margin trading with leverage ranging from five to 10 times the initial deposit, depending on local regulations. Some platforms even offer more aggressive lending options, often associated with speculative behavior that can generate waves of greed and fear within the crypto market.Oda argues that digital asset volatility has decreased since 2020 and asserts that Japanese exchanges are well-prepared to assist investors in managing the risks associated with margin trading positions. However, any relaxation of leverage rules is not expected to occur before 2024.Leverage dangersLast year’s global cryptocurrency downturn exposed risky practices and resulted in numerous bankruptcies. Regulators worldwide have responded by implementing new rules and regulations that address the lessons learned. While leverage might be in the interests of the exchange operators, many industry commentators have warned that leverage brings about market weakness.Caitlin Long, Founder and CEO of Custodia Bank, has been one such commentator, warning that massive leverage “built an industry of insolvent intermediaries” on a “foundation of sand”. It’s commonly believed that leverage leads to unsustainable market bubbles rather than iterative organic market growth.In 2022, an index tracking the top 100 cryptocurrencies partially recovered, showing a 33% increase since the beginning of this year. However, the market still faces challenges, as institutional and individual investors have exited, leading to reduced liquidity and lower expectations for price volatility in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.

Euroclear, a Belgium-based financial services company that specializes in post-trade services relative to the clearing and settlement of securities, has announced that it has invested in Singaporean digital market infrastructure firm Marketnode. The investment, which the firm announced via a press release published to its website on Oct. 17, is the company’s first in the Asian market. Established with a distributed ledger technology (DLT)-based financial infrastructure, Marketnode offers its services via two distinct platforms. The company claims that through its Gateway platform it offers a one-stop issuance, data, workflows and tokenization services.  Meanwhile, Fundnode streamlines fund transactions, processing and record-keeping, while using blockchain technology in doing so. Euroclear’s CEO for the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, Philippe Laurensy, set out the company’s thinking in making this strategic investment, stating: “Partnering with Marketnode demonstrates our shared commitment to developing a new generation of funds market infrastructure by leveraging Euroclear’s global footprint, established fund infrastructure and digital capabilities. This first strategic investment in Asia also reinforces the region’s importance to Euroclear’s positioning and business growth. We are excited to join Marketnode’s pioneering journey in the rapidly growing area of digital assets and support the company’s international service expansion.”Photo by Thomas Somme on UnsplashProminent backersMarketnode is backed by Temasek and the Singapore Exchange Group (SGX), having been established in 2021 as a joint venture by the two firms. Notable financial firms such as Citi, HSBC, Deutsche Bank and State Street joined the pilot phase of Marketnode’s Fundnode platform in 2022.  Back in May, HSBC doubled down on its involvement, leading Marketnode’s Series A investment round. HSBC also partnered with Marketnode and Singaporean bank UOB in 2023, in the build-out of an end-to-end, issuance-to-distribution wealth management product infrastructure, run on blockchain rails. That project formed part of Project Guardian, a collaborative initiative led by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), designed to explore tokenization and network interoperability. Marketnode CEO Rehan Ahmed spoke about what this latest investment means for the company. He stated: “Euroclear’s global connectivity, operational expertise and market-leading position as a trusted financial market infrastructure will catalyse the growth of Marketnode’s platforms, especially Fundnode.” Ongoing blockchain interestWhile this may be Euroclear’s first foray into the Asian market, it’s not its first step into the world of blockchain and tokenization. The European clearinghouse launched a tokenized securities issuance service in 2023. The Digitally Native Notes (DNN) service enables the issuance, distribution and settlement of fully digital international securities, running on R3’s Corda blockchain. The first DNN was issued using the system by the World Bank, raising €100 million to finance its sustainable development activities. Earlier this month, it emerged that Euroclear, alongside the World Gold Council and international law firm Clifford Chance, had collaborated on a pilot project led by real-world asset (RWA) tokenization firm Digital Asset. The project concerned itself with the tokenization of UK bonds (gilts), Eurobonds and gold, using the Canton Network protocol.

Korea's Democratic Party of Korea (DPK) plans to re-request the Financial Services Commission (FSC) for an authoritative interpretation of spot Bitcoin ETFs in June, seeking the legal interpretation of such products, according to The Korea Economic Daily.  The FSC currently does not classify virtual assets as financial investment products, as they do not function as underlying assets for ETFs as stipulated by the Capital Market Act. Thus, the issuance and listing of spot cryptocurrency ETFs have not been permitted in the country, limiting trading opportunities for Korean investors. Photo by Pixabay on PexelsDespite the situation, interest around the spot Bitcoin ETFs has surged in South Korea following the approval of such ETFs in the United States and recently in Hong Kong. This heightened expectation of spot Bitcoin ETF approval has coincided with the 22nd general election held on April 10.  DPK’s attempts to keep its promise The DPK’s decision to seek clarification on spot Bitcoin ETFs from the financial regulator comes after the party’s landslide win at the general election, securing a total of 175 seats out of 300 in the National Assembly. Among the party’s key pledges were to allow the trade of spot BTC ETFs and ease regulations on crypto products.  In the run-up to the election, the DPK and the ruling People Power Party (PPP) vied for introducing pro-crypto pledges to win votes from young Koreans in their 20s and 30s, who make up a significant portion of crypto investors within the country.  Bold move to amend Capital Market ActThe spokesperson of the DPK said the party will first seek an authoritative interpretation regarding spot Bitcoin ETFs from the FSC and continue to closely monitor how the situation unfolds. The prevailing view from experts, however, is that the agency is likely to remain sturdy in its view.  If the FSC insists on its current stance on spot BTC ETFs, the party would go as far as to amend the Capital Market Act, the spokesperson said, which would take at least a number of months to follow all due processes.