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Hong Kong digital yuan pilot lacks P2P capabilities

Policy & Regulation·May 20, 2024, 7:06 AM

Hong Kong has launched a pilot program for the digital yuan, marking the People’s Bank of China's (PBoC) central bank digital currency’s (CBDC) first major deployment outside mainland China. 

 

This initiative, facilitated by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), represents another step forward in the integration of the digital yuan into Hong Kong's financial ecosystem.

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Cross-border transactions rather than P2P

According to a press release, the HKMA and PBoC are working together to enable Hong Kong users to set up personal e-CNY wallets using just their Hong Kong mobile phone numbers. The faster payment system (FPS) will support these e-CNY wallets, allowing users to top up their wallets through 17 retail banks in the Chinese autonomous territory. However, the e-CNY wallets are primarily designed for cross-border payments between Hong Kong and the mainland, and currently do not support person-to-person transfers within Hong Kong.

 

This pilot aims to facilitate transactions for Hong Kong residents using their digital yuan wallets, marking the first integration of a CBDC through a major central bank. The Digital Currency Institute (DCI) is managing the interoperability infrastructure between the FPS and the digital yuan, with a focus on enhancing cross-border payments, a key objective on the G20 countries' roadmap.

 

More functionality promised

Like blockchain protocols, the digital yuan pilot offers 24/7 payment capabilities. Eddie Yue, the chief executive of the HKMA, stated that the e-CNY application and wallet would gradually gain more functionality as the HKMA and PBoC work to encourage more retail merchants to adopt the system. Yue stated:

 

“By expanding the e-CNY pilot in Hong Kong and leveraging the 24x7 operating hours and real-time transfer advantages of the FPS, users may now top up their e-CNY wallets anytime, anywhere without having to open a Mainland bank account, thereby facilitating merchant payments in the Mainland by Hong Kong residents.”

 

The HKMA and DCI are planning upgrades to the e-CNY wallets through real-name verification, aiming to enable corporate use cases for cross-border trade settlements in the future.

 

Adoption struggles

With at least 140 countries exploring CBDC pilots, China's digital yuan is among the most advanced. China has been actively promoting its CBDC, even paying monthly salaries in e-CNY to government workers and employees of state-owned enterprises. However, as reported by the South China Morning Post, many recipients are hesitant to use the digital yuan due to privacy concerns and other limitations.

 

China's central bank aims to increase the use of the yuan in Hong Kong, especially in tourist areas. Last June, digital yuan ATMs were installed in the resort city of Sanya in an attempt to target use of the currency by tourists. Although the city of Jinan embarked upon an initiative last year to enable digital yuan payments on its bus system, the currency is not yet widely accepted for public transportation across China. 

 

Meanwhile, Hong Kong is in the second phase of its own CBDC pilot, the e-HKD, and has launched a regulatory sandbox for stablecoins to foster communication between regulators and issuers of fiat-pegged stablecoins in the region.

 

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Aug 08, 2025

Bakkt takes stake in Japanese textile firm in pivot to crypto treasury strategy

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Jun 09, 2023

AliExpress Partners With ‘The Moment3!’ NFT Project

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Policy & Regulation·

Oct 05, 2023

KCS Says Illegal Forex Transactions for Crypto Purchases Amount to $7.7B

KCS Says Illegal Forex Transactions for Crypto Purchases Amount to $7.7BOver the past five years, the total value of illegal foreign exchange transactions associated with virtual asset purchases has amounted to approximately KRW 10.4 trillion ($7.7 billion), according to the Korea Customs Service’s report received on Thursday by Go Yong-jin, a member of the Democratic Party of Korea on the National Assembly’s Strategy and Finance Committee.Photo by Sasun Bughdaryan on Unsplash“Illegal transactions on foreign exchanges for the purchase of virtual assets are occurring due to the higher prices of virtual assets in Korea compared to prices abroad,” Go explained.Crimes incited by crypto waveThe data showed that the number of violations subject to fines was 6,066, involving forex transactions of KRW 2.3 trillion. In particular, violations made in 2020 and 2022 accounted for the majority, making up 78.7% with 4,775 cases and a value of KRW 1.9 trillion, or 83.7% of the cumulative total. This indicates a substantial increase in illegal activities during the periods when the crypto investment frenzy in Korea was at its peak.Uncovering key patternsWhile foreign exchange transactions were primarily intended for acquiring virtual assets, they were often disguised as trade payments. There were also cases where individuals withdrew foreign currency from overseas ATMs to buy cryptocurrencies. These two scenarios were the most prevalent cases for which fines were imposed. More specifically, among the 6,066 violations, there were 4,518 instances of the former and 1,486 cases of the latter. The transferred funds amounted to KRW 1.9 trillion and KRW 407 billion, respectively.During the five-year period, individuals involved in 93 cases of these forex activities — collectively valued at KRW 8.1 trillion — were penalized following the referral of their cases to prosecutors. In particular, the violations in 2022 accounted for 70.3% (KRW 5.7 trillion). This could be accredited to the breakout of suspicious large-scale forex transactions last year, which prompted local authorities such as the Korea Customs Service and the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) to initiate planned investigations.The most common type of illegal foreign exchange transaction cases referred to prosecutors was similar to those that incurred fines: overseas remittances disguised as trade payments, constituting 49.9% (KRW 4 trillion) of all cases. Transferring foreign currency via unregistered entities was the second most common violation, making up 47.2% (KRW 3.8 trillion). These transfers breach the Foreign Exchange Transactions Act and are always reported to prosecutors.Go thereby called on authorities to intensify crackdowns on illegal forex transactions aimed at trading virtual assets and to revise foreign exchange regulations accordingly.

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