Bank of Korea Explores Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for Citizen-Centric CBDC Pilot Test

Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) is moving to close gaps in crypto regulation and support a new bank-led stablecoin pilot, as markets watch for a potential Bank of Japan rate hike. Tougher oversight of crypto lending and IEOsAccording to a CoinPost report, at the fifth meeting of its Digital Asset Working Group held last week, the FSA discussed introducing new requirements to bring crypto lending clearly within the regulatory framework. While firms managing or staking crypto must register as exchanges, some operators have avoided registration by structuring services as borrowing schemes, which are not legally treated as asset management.Photo by Possessed Photography on UnsplashThe FSA flagged that users face both credit and volatility risks, yet operators are not required to segregate customer assets or use cold wallets. Some services offer returns around 10% or tie up funds for several years, with weak risk management and exposure to re-lending defaults and staking slashing. Under the new policy direction, operators will need stronger risk management for re-lending and staking, tighter custody controls, and clearer risk disclosures and advertising. Institutional-only borrowing not offered to the public will remain exempt. Some members questioned whether the new requirements would be practical to implement for off-chain operators, noting that staking is fundamentally on-chain. The group also examined initial exchange offerings (IEOs) lacking financial audits, particularly those aimed at retail investors. Members discussed limits similar to equity crowdfunding: investments over 500,000 yen ($3,000) capped at 5% of annual income or net assets, up to 2 million yen ($13,000). Most past domestic IEOs were under 500,000 yen ($3,200). Some warned such caps could be bypassed through secondary trading, where tokens are immediately tradable. Major banks pilot stablecoinAlongside stricter rules, the FSA will support a stablecoin pilot led by MUFG Bank, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, and Mizuho Bank. CoinDesk Japan noted the project, the first under the Payment Innovation Project, will include three additional participants. Mitsubishi Corporation will oversee operations, while Progmat and Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking will handle issuance and custody. The pilot, launching this month with implementation targeted within the year, will test whether a joint stablecoin by major banks can navigate regulatory and operational challenges. Rate hike speculation mountsJapan’s calibrated digital asset push comes as speculation grows over a possible Bank of Japan (BOJ) rate hike next month. Minutes from the BOJ’s October meeting, cited by South Korean outlet Edaily, show one board member saying most conditions for a hike have been met and that financial conditions would stay easy even after an increase. The BOJ kept its rate at 0.5% at that meeting. A rate hike was described as likely if firms are seen committing to wage increases ahead of next spring’s labor talks and if no major global shocks emerge. Markets, however, remain cautious, citing uncertainty over U.S. tariff effects and whether newly elected Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi will endorse such a hawkish stance. 

Shanghai Embraces Blockchain, AI, and Digital Yuan with New GuidelinesIn a bid to stay at the forefront of technological advancements, the government of China’s largest and most populous city, Shanghai, has issued a set of guidelines aimed at promoting the widespread adoption of blockchain, the metaverse, and the digital yuan.Photo by Edward He on UnsplashIntegrating blockchain technologyThe objective of the measure is to further the use of these technologies across various industries within the city. Leading enterprises across a range of industry sectors, such as automotive, commodity trading, and e-commerce, are now required to look to incorporate these technologies into their operations.The guidelines, which were published last Tuesday, outline the government’s commitment to providing support for platforms that seek to enhance digitalization in production, operations, and management processes. Additionally, they emphasize the development of information technology services centered around big data, blockchain, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and the mobile Internet.Bolstering commodity tradingA key focus for the government is the establishment of a robust internet system to bolster its local commodity trading service. This move is driven by a reliance on “the national financial factor market,” which aims to upgrade the over-the-counter derivatives platform for bulk commodities and strengthen the linkages between futures and cash.Furthermore, the guidelines pave the way for expanding e-commerce service platforms for industrial products, setting up a digital transformation service platform, and fostering the development and application of data resources.Shanghai’s status as China’s financial hub makes it an ideal testing ground for innovative technologies like blockchain and AI. However, China’s approach to cryptocurrency is more complex. It involves support for blockchain technology while at the same time applying strict measures against crypto trading and mining.Aligning with central government policyThe Chinese government’s support for blockchain technology stems from its recognition of blockchain as the underlying foundation of cryptocurrencies. Judging by the blockchain initiatives forwarded by the central government and regional Chinese administrations in recent months, it’s clear that China is keen to develop leadership in the use of blockchain across various sectors. It takes a different view, however, when it comes to projects related to decentralized cryptocurrencies and crypto trading.In recent years, China has cracked down on cryptocurrency activities. In 2013, the government banned initial coin offerings (ICOs), a fundraising method used for cryptocurrency projects. Subsequently, cryptocurrency exchanges were banned in 2017, followed by a prohibition on cryptocurrency mining in 2021.Several factors contribute to the Chinese government’s cautious approach to cryptocurrency. One major concern is financial stability, as crypto can be exploited for illicit activities like money laundering. According to a recent report, Chinese authorities are redoubling their efforts in pushing back against the use of crypto as they’re finding that it is being used to exploit capital control loopholes.These recent guidelines from Shanghai’s administrators aim to capitalize on the transformative potential of emerging technologies while ensuring prudent regulation and control over cryptocurrency-related activities in line with current central government policy emanating from Beijing.

Bitmain to Launch Filecoin Token Mining MachinesBitmain, the well-known Chinese manufacturer of Bitcoin mining machines, has made a significant announcement that marks its entry into the Filecoin ecosystem.FIL token miningAccording to that announcement made by the company on social media on Friday, the company is set to launch FIL token mining machines, which are expected to have a hash rate of up to 4,300T each and will be available for purchase at $38,888 per unit.Filecoin, created by Protocol Labs, was originally designed as a blockchain-based collaborative digital storage and data redemption solution. As an open-source, public cryptocurrency and digital remittance system, Filecoin has garnered significant attention in the market.Photo by Traxer on UnsplashDelegated stakingAlong with the mining machine development, Bitmain has introduced a delegated staking service with a low monthly fee of 0.5%. This service offers traders an opportunity to earn more through staking with minimal computational energy. Delegated staking allows users to delegate their staking rights to validators or staking pools, enabling them to partake in the rewards generated by these validators.According to a recent report by crypto market intelligence firm Messari, Filecoin’s data storage market continued to grow in Q2, 2023. Active data storage deals grew 64% when compared with the previous quarter. That deal flow resulted in increased revenue from fees, which was up 91%. Further development of the Filecoin protocol resulted in the recent introduction of the Filecoin Virtual Machine (FVM). That runtime environment for smart contracts has enabled new use cases, including liquid staking, decentralized computing, and perpetual storage.Bitmain’s venture into the Filecoin ecosystem not only supports the development of FIL token mining machines but also offers hope for FIL token holders who experienced losses. The FIL unit price peaked at $190 during the 2021 crypto bull market. The company’s involvement has positively influenced Filecoin’s price.Meanwhile Bitmain continues to be a major player in the crypto mining equipment space. 2021 has not been without its blemishes for the company though, as in April the Beijing-based company was fined $3.7 million by the Chinese authorities for a violation of Chinese tax regulations.Bitmain hashrate dominanceEarlier this month, US bitcoin miner TeraWulf purchased 18,500 mining machines from Bitmain, with a view to deploying them at its 43 MW Lake Mariner mining facility in New York State in the US. The deal had a value of $75 million.A recently published report by crypto intelligence firm Coinmetrics outlined that the majority of the Bitcoin hashrate is being processed by Bitmain’s S19 miner model. Three Bitmain miner models are responsible for 76% of the entire Bitcoin network’s hashrate, the report states.