Indian Railways to issue NFT train tickets for world’s largest religious festival

Ministry of Science and ICT to hold conference to explore future of Web3The Korean Ministry of Science and ICT is set to host the Next-Generation Web Conference next Monday (local time) at the Science and Technology Convention Center in Seoul. Jointly organized by the Korea Internet and Security Agency (KISA), the Web 3.0 Convergence Technology Forum and the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Korean office, the event aims to explore Web3’s role in heralding a new era. Experts and attendees will gather to share insights on current Web3 technology trends and industry developments as well as future prospects.Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashWeb3’s promising opportunitiesTouted as the future of the internet, Web3 is recognized for its ability to address current issues with the internet such as platform monopolies and data concentration. As one of the most anticipated emerging industries, it is expected to lead economic and societal transformation through convergence between technologies like blockchain, artificial intelligence and big data.“The growth of new technologies such as big data and blockchain, coupled with the integration of intelligent web technologies, is accelerating the transition to the new Web3 era,” said President Lee Won-tae of the KISA. Regarding the KISA’s role in facilitating this transition, he added, “The KISA will strive to foster a secure and convenient internet environment based on Web3 technologies, promoting the discovery of new services.”Event detailsThe conference will feature two keynote speeches, titled “The Current State of Web3 and Our Readiness” and “Web 3.0 from W3C perspective, and the future of Web.” This will be followed by four sessions, which will delve into various topics such as blockchain business strategies, tokenized securities and Web3 service development.Pre-registration for the conference is open until Sunday, with a chance to win various prizes available for those who register to attend in person. The event will also be livestreamed on YouTube.

A couple of recent reports have revealed how North Korean hackers have been moving funds to a Cambodian crypto payments platform while further insight has come to light with regard to how these hackers are compromising crypto companies. Huoine PayOn July 15, Reuters reported that Cambodian currency exchange and payments firm Huione Pay had received in excess of $150,000 in digital currency from a wallet associated with notorious North Korean hacking group Lazarus. Analysis of blockchain data demonstrated that the funds had been received by the Phnom Penh-headquartered payments firm in June 2023 and February 2024. Photo by allPhoto Bangkok on Unsplash‘Pig butchering’It’s understood that Lazarus stole those digital assets from three crypto firms during the months of June and July of 2023. While Huione has suggested that it was oblivious to the origin of the funds, a blog article by blockchain analytics company Elliptic, published to its website on July 10, suggested that “Huione Guarantee is an online marketplace that has become widely used by scam operators in South East Asia.”  Elliptic went on to assert that some of these scammers employ “pig butchering” techniques, where fraudsters manipulate the victim into investing into fraudulent crypto schemes. It added that “merchants on the platform offer technology, data and money laundering services, and have engaged in transactions totaling at least $11 billion.” The National Bank of Cambodia explained to Reuters that the company is not permitted to trade crypto and that it "would not hesitate to impose any corrective measures" against Huione. The platform is believed to have strong ties to Cambodia’s ruling family. One of the firm’s three directors is understood to be a cousin of the Cambodian Prime Minister, Hun Manet. The Lazarus hacking group is believed to have masterminded a $305 million hack of Japanese cryptocurrency DMM Bitcoin in May of this year. Pseudonymous on-chain investigator ZachXBT claimed on X that $35 million of the proceeds had been laundered through the Huione platform. Compromising crypto businessesIn a related development, a report by DL News published on July 15 has found that North Korean hackers are employing a new tactic in order to compromise crypto businesses. The hackers are scanning the internet for job postings advertised by the companies they’re targeting and submitting bogus applications. A report by the United Nations Security Council has revealed that in excess of 4,000 North Koreans have taken up employment with international technology firms. Part of the social engineering-based tactics employed by the hackers includes contriving to get employees within targeted companies to install malware.  Oftentimes, the resumes and LinkedIn profiles of real people are used in order to find a way in via the recruitment process. A report by DeFiLlama suggests that $664 million has been lost via instances of crypto hacking within the first half of 2024. 

MAS and NY Fed Publish Report on CBDC Cross-Border PaymentsNew York’s Federal Reserve Bank and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) have collaborated on an endeavor titled “Project Cedar Phase II x Ubin+,” examining the use of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) for wholesale cross-border payments using one or more vehicle currencies.The joint effort has culminated in the publication of a report detailing their findings and results. Commenting on the initiative, MAS Managing Director Leong Sing Chiong stated:“The Cedar x Ubin+ experiment envisages a future digital currency landscape where central banks can enable interoperability of wholesale CBDCs to facilitate more efficient cross-border payment flows including for less liquid currencies, without requiring a common infrastructure.”Photo by NASA on UnsplashExploiting positive DLT characteristicsSpecifically, the New York Innovation Center (NYIC) of the NY Fed was the entity that contributed directly towards the research project. The work built on previous phases of Project Cedar. The objective was to explore perceived advantages of digital ledger technology (DLT) such as reduced settlement risk and reduced settlement time, in the context of cross-border payments.The conventional system primarily uses the SWIFT financial messaging network. The approach is highly inefficient. It’s time-consuming and needlessly ties capital up in vostro and nostro accounts (accounts held for another entity from an account another entity holds). Tying up capital proves to be a liquidity headache for corporations and any business entity that gets involved with international trade settlement.Smart contracts and off-chain messagingAgainst that backdrop, the project team was focusing on harnessing the ability to effect atomic or real-time settlement using DLT. Having commenced the work in November, the project team decided to rely on hashed timelock smart contracts in order to bridge distinct ledgers, so as to effect cross-currency and cross-border transactions.According to the report, the proposed system also relied on off-chain messaging functionality. Cross-border trade settlement often involves a number of stakeholders. Off-chain messaging can be beneficial in disseminating information relative to the process to all stakeholders.The researchers found that each simulated payment scenario achieved end-to-end settlement in under thirty seconds on average, realizing the goal of near real-time settlement. In turn, that speed of settlement meant that stakeholders could be notified of payment finality within a matter of seconds. Certainty of settlement, and thus reduction in counterparty risk was achieved by simulating atomic settlement, such that transactions only settled if all legs in the cross-currency payment chain executed successfully.From the point of view of interoperability and autonomy, the experiment demonstrated the ability to safely execute across multiple ledgers without the need to involve a centralized clearing authority or the establishment of a shared central network.The Bank of International Settlement (BIS) recently highlighted the finding that on a daily basis, $2.2 trillion of foreign exchange transactions don’t use a payment versus payment (PvP) settlement mechanism. PvP is a less risky form of settlement where two currency legs are exchanged simultaneously. Singapore is more exposed than most in this regard. Therefore, the use of DLT to counteract that risk in line with the experiment’s findings would be a progressive step.