Korean banks cooperate with Polish counterparts in digital finance and blockchain

Korean Supreme Court acquits Dunamu Chairman Song Chi-hyungThe Supreme Court of South Korea, in a significant ruling on Thursday (local time), acquitted Song Chi-hyung, chairman and principal stakeholder of Dunamu, of fraud and forgery charges, according to a report by local news agency Yonhap. This ruling is particularly noteworthy because Dunamu is the operator of the nation’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, Upbit.This decision, led by Justice Oh Kyung-mi, marks the culmination of a legal battle that began with Song’s indictment in Dec. 2018, and it extends to the acquittal of the company’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and the head of the Data Value Team, who were jointly indicted.Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on UnsplashBackground of the caseSong Chi-hyung and his colleagues were alleged to have fabricated an account on Upbit between September and November 2017. They had been accused of feigning the deposit of assets valued at KRW 122.1 billion and then employing these fictitious funds to enable transactions among actual members.The prosecution also leveled fraud charges against them, claiming that the fabricated account was utilized to sell 11,550 bitcoins to 26,000 members, thereby generating KRW 149.1 billion.The Seoul Southern District Court, acting as the court of first instance, found them not guilty. The court reasoned that the evidence presented by the prosecution was insufficient to establish that the defendants actually deposited the assets in the account.Issues with the prosecution’s evidence gatheringThe Seoul High Court, serving as the appellate court, identified problems with the evidence provided by the prosecution, determining that part of it lacked credibility due to improper collection methods. Notably, the court observed that the prosecution had directed Dunamu employees to access their Amazon cloud server to download the account’s transaction history. However, since this remote server was not included in the search and seizure warrant, the court highlighted the illegitimacy of the evidence.The appellate court also pointed out another issue with the evidence: documents stored on the CFO’s USB drive. The prosecution did not follow the legitimate search process, which requires them to extract only data related to the allegations. Moreover, the prosecutors did not present a warrant when confiscating the laptop of the Data Value Team’s lead, further undermining the credibility of their evidence.The court further stated that even if the remaining evidence provided by the prosecution was considered viable, it was still insufficient to substantiate the prosecution’s accusations.The prosecution, disagreeing with the decision of the appeals court, had escalated the case to the Supreme Court. However, the highest court in the nation sided with the ruling of the appeals court, effectively upholding the decision made at the appellate level.

The Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau in Taiwan has referred Nine Chen, a popular Taiwanese singer-songwriter and television program host, to the prosecutors' office in Taipei on suspicion of aggravated fraud and violations of banking laws for his alleged involvement in a fraud scheme linked to the JPEX cryptocurrency exchange. Local media publication the United Daily News reported on June 26 that as an outcome from an investigation into the matter, the authorities have established that Chen acted as a brand ambassador for JPEX in 2023, receiving 320,000 USDT in the process. While Chen has been referred on to the prosecutors’ office in Taipei, they have yet to press charges against him. Photo by Thomas Tucker on UnsplashOngoing sagaThe first public soundings of an issue in Taiwan relative to JPEX emerged in November 2023. At that time, the Taipei District Prosecutors Office (TDPO) requested that Chang Tung-ying be taken into custody amid allegations of fraud. Tung-ying was understood to have been chief partner at JPEX’s Taiwan office.  The previous month, the TDPO had called Chen in as a witness. The singer had informed local media that he was out of pocket for funds he had held in digital assets via JPEX, incurring a 15% loss.  At that time, the authorities in Taiwan arrested dozens of suspects related to what is believed to be a fraud to the value of approximately $205 million. Hong Kong investigationsJPEX garnered the most negative reaction in Hong Kong. In excess of 2,000 complaints were registered with local regulators within the Chinese autonomous territory relative to the cryptocurrency exchange.  Problems were first reported in September 2023 when the platform outlined that it had experienced a liquidity crisis. Losses in Hong Kong relative to the platform were understood to be in the region of $180 million.  In an effort to deal with the matter, JPEX proposed a plan in October 2023 to transition the business to a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO). Multiple arrests were made by the Hong Kong authorities, with a collection of assets being seized in an effort to gather up funds on behalf of platform customers who found themselves out of pocket. While JPEX hit the headlines in 2023 for questionable activity in Asian markets, the business is actually headquartered in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In September of last year, Dubai’s Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) outlined that as far as it was concerned, JPEX wasn’t regulated in Dubai and hadn’t registered with the regulator.  Following the same pattern in Taiwan, JPEX had not registered with the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) relative to anti-money laundering (AML) regulations, which it requires crypto platforms to comply with. Taiwanese authorities have experienced issues with a number of crypto platforms over the course of the past 18 months. Aside from JPEX, the founder of ACE Exchange, David Pan, was arrested in January 2024. Charges of money laundering and fraud were brought against him. As with JPEX, there was a connection with Dubai in that Pan was also the founder of Dubai-based crypto exchange ZORIXchange. In November 2023, Bitgin, a local crypto exchange, found itself at the center of an investigation into money laundering.

A spot Solana (SOL) exchange-traded fund (ETF) is set to debut in Hong Kong next week, according to the South China Morning Post. Managed by ChinaAMC (HK), the Hong Kong subsidiary of Chinese financial services company China Asset Management, the product will begin trading on Oct. 27 and will be available against both Hong Kong and U.S. dollars. The Hong Kong listing comes amid growing global interest in Solana-based investment products. While this marks a first for the city, the first country to trade a spot Solana ETF was Canada, where four products from 3iQ, Purpose, Evolve, and CI Financial went live on the Toronto Stock Exchange in April 2025.Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on UnsplashU.S. institutions await regulatory approvalIn the U.S., institutional interest is also high, though a product has yet to be approved. According to Bloomberg senior ETF analyst Eric Balchunas, 23 separate ETP filings for Solana have been submitted in the U.S. This matches Bitcoin, with both assets having the highest number of filings among 35 cryptocurrencies tracked, out of a total of 155 crypto ETP filings overall. The push for exchange-traded products mirrors rising institutional investment in the Solana ecosystem itself. Several firms have recently established corporate SOL treasuries. Forward Industries spent $1.6 billion on its treasury and filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to raise up to $4 billion from share sales to acquire more SOL. Similarly, Sharps Technology announced a collaboration with Coinbase Global to expand its reserve strategy, and an SEC filing showed that Citadel and its affiliates hold a portion of the outstanding shares in DeFi Development Corp. (DFDV), another SOL treasury firm. Uniswap expands to Solana networkSolana's platform has also seen wider technical integration. On Oct. 16, the decentralized exchange Uniswap began supporting the network, allowing its users to connect Solana wallets and swap SOL tokens. Uniswap stated the move helps address fragmentation issues by supporting both Solana and Ethereum, the two largest DeFi ecosystems. According to DefiLlama data, SOL currently boasts $10.88 billion in total value locked (TVL) in decentralized finance, while ETH TVL amounts to $83 billion. Separately, the Solana team recently promoted the network's technical resilience. Following a recent Amazon Web Services (AWS) outage, the team shared an analysis on X indicating a 97.6 resilience index, noting that only 77 of its 1,295 nodes were affected, suggesting a 6% dependency on AWS. Market performance lags despite growthDespite these developments, the price of SOL, the sixth-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, has not reflected the positive sentiment in the short term. Trading at roughly $186, SOL is down 13.74% over the past month, according to Kraken data. The asset remains 36.49% below its all-time high of $293.31, which was reached on Jan. 19, 2025.