Central Asian republics work towards crypto bank & crypto hub development

Singapore Exchange Limited (SGX), the city-state’s primary asset exchange, is in the process of establishing Bitcoin perpetual futures trading on the platform.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashInstitutional product offeringAccording to a report published by Bloomberg earlier this week, the exchange platform intends to launch Bitcoin futures sometime during H2 2025. The product launch will be subject to regulatory approval from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). A spokesperson for the company told Bloomberg that the product offering will be geared exclusively towards institutional investors and traders in an effort to “significantly expand institutional market access.” Retail access to the product will be prohibited. Once launched, these Bitcoin perpetual futures contracts, being offered through a traditional finance (TradFi) outfit like SGX, will help to blur the lines between TradFi and the emerging crypto sector. Perpetual futures have no expiry date. They offer a means for traders to bet on price changes in an underlying asset while doing away with the need to take ownership of the asset itself. Cautious approachSGX has been cautious in listing crypto assets and derivative products. Last year the firm’s CEO, Loh Boon Chye, said that the time was not yet right for such listings.  His concern back then was that any such product launches would need “sustainable ecosystem support,” adding that “that means demand, that means governance, that means structure.” While spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) had been approved in the United States at that point, there has been much further development in the crypto-sphere since then, following the election of a pro-crypto administration in the U.S. That event has had knock-on effects globally. Singapore’s SGX isn’t the only traditional exchange platform to respond. Japanese futures exchange, the Osaka Dojima Exchange (ODEX), is gearing up to file an application with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) to list a Bitcoin futures product later this month. Closer to home, an American digital asset marketplace that focuses on institutional trading, EDX Markets, has plans to introduce Bitcoin perpetual futures products to the Singaporean market, according to a report which emerged in January. In May 2024, EDX launched EDXM Global, a settlement platform, in Singapore. This product launch by SGX serves the purposes of decision-makers in Singapore, who have been trying to position the city-state as a digital asset industry hub. Additionally, the move will bring greater acceptance of the digital assets sector from traditional market participants. Crypto perpetual futures contracts were first pioneered by crypto derivatives exchanges like BitMEX back in 2016. Since then, other crypto-native platforms like Binance and OKX have offered these products. In the case of unregulated offshore exchanges, the products have proven to be controversial, as at times, they have been used in a manner that has exposed market participants to counterparty risk. Failed crypto exchange FTX, together with its sister company Alameda Research, relied on the products in their trading activities. SGX, as a seasoned, regulated TradFi operator, which holds an Aa2 rating from Moody’s, is likely to prove to be a more palatable option for institutional players.

The U.S. Department of Justice said on Dec. 2 that it had seized the web domain tickmilleas.com, which was used to facilitate cryptocurrency investment fraud (CIF) schemes, adding to two others seized last month as part of actions against the same Burma-based network. According to the announcement, the domains were operated by scammers based in Kyaukhat, Burma, who presented the site as a legitimate investment platform in order to solicit deposits from victims.Photo by Markus Spiske on UnsplashPromises of high returns as baitVictims who reported the activity to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) indicated that the recently seized website displayed fabricated investment returns and showed purported deposits credited to their online accounts. These figures appeared during guided walkthroughs of falsified trades, creating the appearance of a functioning platform. The Justice Department said the domain seizures are among the first actions taken since it established its first district-level CIF strike force, known as the Scam Center Strike Force, three weeks earlier. The unit operates under the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia. According to the DOJ, the group behind the scheme is known as the Tai Chang scam compound. The network is described as being affiliated with the Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA) in Burma, Trans Asia International Holding Group Thailand Company Limited, and other entities. The U.S. Treasury listed these parties as specially designated nationals on Nov. 12, citing their ties to Chinese organized crime and their involvement in developing scam hubs across Southeast Asia. Russia probes crypto briberyWhile the U.S. case focused on fraud targeting individual investors, a separate development in Russia involved alleged corruption tied to cryptocurrency. DL News, citing a local media report, said Russian prosecutors are seeking to seize a portfolio of luxury assets linked to Georgy Satyukov, a fugitive former employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, after investigators concluded he had accepted illicit payments in Bitcoin and Ethereum, described as the world’s largest cryptocurrencies. Russian authorities allege that between March and October 2021, Satyukov received $184 million in Bitcoin and $30 million in Ethereum from operators of the failed WEX crypto exchange in return for shielding them from a criminal investigation. WEX had taken over the operations of the BTC-e trading platform in 2017. Investigators say Satyukov liquidated much of his cryptocurrency holdings and used the proceeds to purchase residential and commercial properties in several cities, as well as high-end cars, luxury watches, and jewelry. They have identified $29.6 million in assets believed to be linked to the alleged bribes, which could be transferred to the Federal Treasury if prosecutors win a conviction. The U.S. domain seizures and the separate corruption investigation in Russia illustrate the varied ways cryptocurrency has been implicated in recent criminal cases. Both developments underscore the continued attention authorities are giving to the risks surrounding digital assets. 

Kazakhstan setback for Coinbase as government blocks website accessIn alignment with the Law on Digital Assets legislation which was enacted in February, Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Culture and Information has officially confirmed that access to the Coinbase website has been blocked within the country.The development follows the enforcement of regulations prohibiting the issuance and trading of unsecured digital currencies, according to local news media.Photo by Kai Pilger on UnsplashAccusation of regulatory violationThe authorities in Kazakhstan initiated the blocking of local IP addresses from accessing Coinbase as early as September. The action was taken in response to a request from the Ministry of Digital Development. The Ministry of Digital Development accused Coinbase of violating the Law on Digital Assets, resulting in the restriction of access to the platform.The Law on Digital Assets, introduced earlier in 2023, stipulates that the issuance and circulation of unsecured digital assets are prohibited. The exception to this rule is within the Astana International Financial Center (AIFC), a designated economic zone in Kazakhstan. Permits to operate crypto trading platforms within the AIFC are issued by the Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA).Several cryptocurrency exchanges have already received approval from the AFSA. Notable names among these approved exchanges include Binance, Bybit, CaspianEx, Biteeu, ATAIX, Upbit and Xignal&MT.Reports of access issues to the Coinbase website initially emerged in September, with the local Telegram media outlet Finance.kz referring to it as the “great Kazakh investment firewall.” This firewall was not limited to Coinbase. It also affected access to other major international crypto exchanges such as Kraken.Stringent regulationKazakhstan’s approach to crypto regulation has been notably stringent, particularly concerning its significant mining sector, which ranks among the world’s largest. In October, eight leading cryptocurrency mining operators wrote an open letter to President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, expressing concerns about the challenging conditions faced by the crypto-mining industry.Those entities included BCD Company, TT Tech Limited, Green Power Solution, Kinur Invest, KZ Systems, AI Solutions and VerCom. High energy prices for miners were cited as a significant issue, leading to what was described as a “very distressful situation” in the sector.Mining got off on the wrong footing in Kazakhstan. Following the banning of crypto mining activities in China in May 2021, there was a sudden influx of miners into Kazakhstan. As that development wasn’t planned for, it led to major stresses being placed on the country’s electricity grid. As a consequence, blackouts occurred.While this development in Kazakhstan is unwelcome news for Coinbase, the company has experienced more positive outcomes elsewhere. Last week it emerged that the U.S. crypto exchange had outperformed Q3 revenue estimates. That said, it also emerged that the exchange’s trading volumes had declined for the second consecutive quarter in a row.Kazakhstan’s move to block Coinbase access underlines the country’s determination to enforce its digital asset regulations, contributing to a growing trend of governments worldwide seeking to bring crypto-related activities under regulatory oversight.