SK C&C to Spearhead Establishment of Korea’s First Alternative Trading System

Research Finds Over 90% of Korean Cryptos Prone to Pump-and-Dump SchemesThe Korea Institute of Finance (KIF) has released a report revealing that 91.3% of South Korean-issued cryptocurrencies, known as “kimchi coins,” are prone to pump-and-dump (P&D) schemes. These schemes involve intentionally spreading false information on social media platforms to manipulate token prices. This is done with the intention of selling the tokens at artificially inflated prices.Photo by Maxim Hopman on UnsplashP&D prevalenceThese manipulative practices were frequently observed during the rapid growth of the cryptocurrency market from 2020 to 2022. Previous research papers indicate that P&D schemes commonly occur on multiple crypto exchanges and typically unfold within a time frame of 10 minutes. It has been observed that cryptocurrencies with lower liquidity and smaller market capitalization are particularly vulnerable to becoming prime targets for these schemes.Korean market and global marketThe Korean cryptocurrency market stands out with its significant number of cryptocurrencies listed on a single exchange, including kimchi coins. This distinction becomes evident when comparing it to the global market. In the Korean market, the top 10 global cryptocurrencies, ranked by their market capitalization, account for 59% of the total market share. Meanwhile, in the global market, they represent 84.9%. This contrast indicates that the Korean market has a larger proportion of alternative coins, also known as altcoins, which are more susceptible to pump-and-dump schemes and other manipulative activities.According to a survey conducted by the Financial Services Commission in the second half of 2022, there were a total of 625 listed coins (excluding duplicate listings), with 389 (62.24%) of them being listed on a single exchange. Among these single-exchange listed cryptos, 223 were kimchi coins, which is equivalent to 57%.OHLCV data analysisIn this KIF paper, research analyst Baik Yeon-ju delved into abnormal price patterns within the Korean cryptocurrency market. She analyzed the hourly Open-High-Low-Close-Volume (OHLCV) data of kimchi coins in October 2021. The study revealed that out of a total of 16,560 hourly price and volume observations, approximately 4.7% exhibited characteristics consistent with P&D schemes. Baik noted that 91.3% (21 of the 23) observed kimchi coins witnessed such movements.Legislative effortsMeanwhile, it is encouraging that the South Korean National Assembly passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill during its plenary session on June 30. This legislation, set to go effective in July next year, aims to provide protection for customers’ assets in the virtual asset space. The act not only establishes regulations to combat unfair trading practices but also enforces penalties for non-compliance.Call for further measuresHowever, Baik suggested that policies should be further strengthened to enhance investor protection within the crypto market. In order to achieve this, she proposed the implementation of a monitoring system for virtual asset service operators (VASPs) and the allocation of inspection and investigation personnel, as well as technical resources. It is also necessary to address potential conflicts that may arise with the Act on Real Name Financial Transactions and Confidentiality, particularly if the data required from VASPs falls under the classification of financial transaction information and personal information.Furthermore, considering the lack of transparency surrounding many altcoins regarding their projects and exchange listings, Baik suggests that the upcoming second virtual asset bill should tackle this issue by regulating the issuance and disclosure of these cryptocurrencies. Additionally, she highlighted the importance of conducting research based on empirical data to detect abnormal transactions. This approach enables the recognition of existing issues and the acquisition of concrete evidence, which serves as a credible basis for policymakers to enact relevant legislation.

Asian Market Surge for XRP Amid Broader Market ImplicationsXRP, the cryptocurrency and native token used by real time gross settlement system, Ripple, has seen renewed activity in recent weeks in terms of trading volume. That trading volume appears to be more pronounced in Asian markets such as South Korea.©Pexels/RODNAE ProductionsThe XRP token has traded up 22% over the course of the past seven days, with a current unit price of $0.54. Trading volume has surged on South Korean exchanges such as Bithumb UpBit and Korbit where volume spiked 18%, 37% and 50% respectively over the past 24 hours. This trading activity is irregular as ordinarily the trading volume of Bitcoin and ether would account for the vast bulk of trading on the three leading Korean exchanges.Speculative interestXRP has under-performed in recent years and at the heart of its difficulties has been a multi-year legal battle with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States. In its complaint, the SEC has claimed that XRP is an unregistered security. Speculation in recent weeks suggests that this highly litigated battle may be drawing to a conclusion. Many commentators have suggested that either a deal will be struck or the court could soon decide to rule on the matter.During the 2017 bull market, the token reached the heady heights of a $3.40 unit price. That’s a target that the cryptocurrency has never been able to reach ever since. During the last bull market, it rose to around $1.76 for a short time in April 2021. There’s little doubt but the regulatory cloud hanging over it has suppressed the price. Much depends on the outcome of this lawsuit, not just for XRP but for crypto as a whole.Another notion driving speculative interest is the idea that the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) may classify XRP as a commodity. That line of thought is more recent and follows the CFTC classifying a number of cryptocurrencies as commodities in its lawsuit against global crypto exchange Binance. In follow up comments earlier this week, CFTC Chair Roistin Behnam reiterated the claim.The very fact that the CFTC has made this claim is significant in terms of the case being pursued by the SEC, potentially weakening the SECs case. Lawyers for Ripple have made the court aware of the CFTCs claims.Crypto moving forwardCrypto traders in South Korea have been notorious in the past for pursuing speculative trends within the industry with the Kimchi Premium on Bitcoin back in the day as a stand out example. Whether speculative or not, the outcome for XRP, Ripple and the broader cryptocurrency space relative to the cryptocurrency’s regulatory status will be significant.A positive result will not just be a fillip for XRP, Ripple and Asian and other crypto traders who have speculated on such an outcome. It will also serve to provide a level of regulatory protection for all other crypto projects within the United States. A negative outcome to the lawsuit will not be ideal for XRP, Ripple and US-based crypto projects. However, Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse has said in the past that if innovation is driven overseas, Ripple will focus on developing its product overseas.In an interview this week Ripple President Monica Long suggested that over and above the lawsuit, crypto innovation is generally being pushed outside of the United States. Long cites Asia as taking the lead on “thoughtful crypto policy”. On that basis, it’s likely that one way or another crypto moves forward and maybe South Korean speculators will be proven right regardless of the outcome of the XRP..

Shapella Upgrade to Have limited Impact on ETH’s Selling PressureThe Shapella upgrade on the Ethereum network scheduled to take place on Wednesday will only have a limited impact on the selling pressure on ETH, according to a report by the research center at Korean cryptocurrency exchange Korbit.©Pexels/JievaniShapella upgradeOne of the key features of the Shapella upgrade is to allow withdrawal of staked ETH. This upgrade follows September’s Merge upgrade that switched the Ethereum network’s consensus algorithm from Proof of Work to Proof of Stake, significantly reducing electricity consumption.Impact on selling pressureTo predict the impact of the Shapella upgrade on the selling pressure on ETH, the analysts at Korbit Research calculated the amount of time it takes for all the ETH staked as of March 22 to be withdrawn. They believe this calculation is relevant because withdrawals of staked ETH could trigger bulk sales, potentially imposing a greater selling pressure on ETH.According to the findings, the daily sell volume for the first three days is expected to be 300,700 ETH, 0.254% of the circulating supply. This volume will gradually decrease to 43,000 ETH for the next six months and to 29,000 ETH for the following six months, each corresponding to 0.035% and 0.024% of the circulating supply, respectively.All in all, bulk selling of ETH is not likely, considering it will take about a year and five months for all the staked ETH to be withdrawn and that the amount of withdrawable ETH will stay relatively low for each period. Furthermore, since this analysis assumes an extreme case, the market will be able to effectively handle the volume over the six month to 18 month period.4 other reasonsIn addition, Korbit Research outlined four other aspects that limit the selling pressure on ETH.Firstly, there is some concern that the selling volume of ETH may increase due to unstaking resulting from the cessation of staking services at American crypto exchange Kraken. However, a decrease in the number of validators on the Ethereum network will raise the base reward. This may prompt those who unstaked ETH to stake them on other platforms, rather than selling them.Second, ETH locked up at liquidity staking protocols such as Lido Finance and Rocket Pool provide liquidity for representations of staked ETH. These platforms allow users to stake fewer than 32 ETH for rewards. According to a February Binance Research report, 57.7% of ETH stakers enjoy liquidity and rewards. Therefore, there may be a limited impetus to divest of staked ETH.Third, since only 41.1% of ETH stakers are seeing profits as of the time of writing the report, the remaining stakers would have to risk losses when withdrawing ETH. This suggests that those not yet seeing profits are more likely to keep ETH staked. Furthermore, Dune Analytics data shows that most of the ETH stakers with gains staked ETH when its price was relatively low, which indicates that they participated in staking in early days. Shivam Sharma, the author of the aforementioned Binance report, states that these ETH stakers are likely “some of the strongest Ethereum believers.”Lastly, despite the Shapella upgrade, ETH withdrawals at different staking pools may not be initiated immediately. This could limit the circulation of withdrawable ETH, which in turn would hinder the selling pressure on ETH.Macroeconomic factorsThe Korbit researchers concluded their paper with a note that the selling pressure on ETH will be more influenced by macroeconomic factors than technical factors. They added that a possible downturn in the overall economy and corrections in risky asset markets might lead investors to sell ETH.