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Research Finds Over 90% of Korean Cryptos Prone to Pump-and-Dump SchemesThe Korea Institute of Finance (KIF) has released a report revealing that 91.3% of South Korean-issued cryptocurrencies, known as “kimchi coins,” are prone to pump-and-dump (P&D) schemes. These schemes involve intentionally spreading false information on social media platforms to manipulate token prices. This is done with the intention of selling the tokens at artificially inflated prices.Photo by Maxim Hopman on UnsplashP&D prevalenceThese manipulative practices were frequently observed during the rapid growth of the cryptocurrency market from 2020 to 2022. Previous research papers indicate that P&D schemes commonly occur on multiple crypto exchanges and typically unfold within a time frame of 10 minutes. It has been observed that cryptocurrencies with lower liquidity and smaller market capitalization are particularly vulnerable to becoming prime targets for these schemes.Korean market and global marketThe Korean cryptocurrency market stands out with its significant number of cryptocurrencies listed on a single exchange, including kimchi coins. This distinction becomes evident when comparing it to the global market. In the Korean market, the top 10 global cryptocurrencies, ranked by their market capitalization, account for 59% of the total market share. Meanwhile, in the global market, they represent 84.9%. This contrast indicates that the Korean market has a larger proportion of alternative coins, also known as altcoins, which are more susceptible to pump-and-dump schemes and other manipulative activities.According to a survey conducted by the Financial Services Commission in the second half of 2022, there were a total of 625 listed coins (excluding duplicate listings), with 389 (62.24%) of them being listed on a single exchange. Among these single-exchange listed cryptos, 223 were kimchi coins, which is equivalent to 57%.OHLCV data analysisIn this KIF paper, research analyst Baik Yeon-ju delved into abnormal price patterns within the Korean cryptocurrency market. She analyzed the hourly Open-High-Low-Close-Volume (OHLCV) data of kimchi coins in October 2021. The study revealed that out of a total of 16,560 hourly price and volume observations, approximately 4.7% exhibited characteristics consistent with P&D schemes. Baik noted that 91.3% (21 of the 23) observed kimchi coins witnessed such movements.Legislative effortsMeanwhile, it is encouraging that the South Korean National Assembly passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill during its plenary session on June 30. This legislation, set to go effective in July next year, aims to provide protection for customers’ assets in the virtual asset space. The act not only establishes regulations to combat unfair trading practices but also enforces penalties for non-compliance.Call for further measuresHowever, Baik suggested that policies should be further strengthened to enhance investor protection within the crypto market. In order to achieve this, she proposed the implementation of a monitoring system for virtual asset service operators (VASPs) and the allocation of inspection and investigation personnel, as well as technical resources. It is also necessary to address potential conflicts that may arise with the Act on Real Name Financial Transactions and Confidentiality, particularly if the data required from VASPs falls under the classification of financial transaction information and personal information.Furthermore, considering the lack of transparency surrounding many altcoins regarding their projects and exchange listings, Baik suggests that the upcoming second virtual asset bill should tackle this issue by regulating the issuance and disclosure of these cryptocurrencies. Additionally, she highlighted the importance of conducting research based on empirical data to detect abnormal transactions. This approach enables the recognition of existing issues and the acquisition of concrete evidence, which serves as a credible basis for policymakers to enact relevant legislation.

Hong Kong’s Largest Bank in Lackluster Crypto EmbraceFor all of its pro-crypto initiatives Hong Kong has been struggling with banking crypto companies. A recent report from the Hong Kong Economic Journal cited Lin Yansheng, Director of Commercial Banking at Hang Seng Bank, Hong Kong’s largest local bank, in outlining that the bank will accommodate crypto but that support is conditional.Photo by Florian Wehde on UnsplashCrypto in a high rates environmentYansheng shared his insights on interest rates, stating that he believes that interest rates will rise but reassures that any increase will be temporary in nature.The Commercial Banking Director acknowledged that Hong Kong’s current high-interest rates, in contrast to those of mainland China and neighboring regions, have caused a slowdown in the overall demand for bank loans. He predicts that loan growth will face pressure this year. However, he also offers a glimmer of hope, stating that a reduction in interest rates may not be far off. He suggests that next year’s expected interest rate cuts could lead to an improvement in loan growth.Data published recently by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) shows that annualized loan growth has been negative since May. It currently stands at -1.1%. Yansheng explained that as borrowing rates decrease in mainland China, Hong Kong’s banking industry is experiencing a downturn in loan growth. The high Hong Kong dollar interbank offered rate (HIBOR) currently limits the volume of corporate borrowing.The rising concerns over interest rates have prompted Hang Seng Bank to acknowledge the importance of cryptocurrencies.Unconvincing crypto embraceThe bank recently outlined the regulatory framework for virtual asset businesses seeking to operate within its purview. To open standard banking accounts, these businesses must obtain an Approval-in-Principle (AIP) license from the Securities Regulatory Commission (SRC), as per the bank’s announcement.The first issue is that obtaining an AIP license has proven to be incredibly difficult. Currently, only OSL and HashKey, two virtual asset trading platforms, have managed to obtain the required clearance. Hang Seng Bank acknowledges that it hasn’t received many inquiries about crypto-banking, attributing it to that challenging process of obtaining AIP certification. Meeting the demanding requirements for such permission poses a significant hurdle for most businesses.Getting beyond this obstacle, Yansheng clarified that even then crypto companies will only be able to obtain a “simple” bank account. He didn’t clarify what services would be excluded but Hang Seng’s embrace of crypto-related business sounds very much like it’s lacking in conviction.Both the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority have conducted roundtable meetings to address the difficulties faced by virtual asset businesses. Yansheng reiterated Hang Seng’s commitment to complying with the regulators’ instructions and accommodating these companies. However, it’s clear that difficulties remain.Last month, it was reported that Hang Seng Investment Management Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hang Seng Bank and the largest exchange-traded fund (ETF) manager in Hong Kong, was looking to add digital assets to its product line.

Krafton and Naver Z Unveil a Metaverse Joint Venture ‘Overdare’Krafton, the developer behind the popular shooter game PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG), made an announcement on Thursday regarding its collaboration with augmented reality company Naver Z for a metaverse platform project. The official name of their joint venture has been revealed as “Overdare.” Furthermore, its forthcoming metaverse service, previously referred to as Migaloo, will also be rebranded under the name Overdare.Photo by Tima Miroshnichenko on PexelsInvestment breakdownThe total investment in the joint venture amounts to KRW 48 billion (approximately $36 million), with Krafton’s anticipated purchase price standing at KRW 40.8 billion and Naver Z’s expected purchase price at KRW 7.2 billion. Following the acquisition, Krafton will hold an 85% stake in the joint venture, while Naver Z will possess the remaining 15%.Meaning behind ‘Overdare’The company has chosen the English word Overdare to convey two meanings–“dare too much” and “over there,” which has a phonetic resemblance. Through this name, the joint venture aspires to establish itself as a pioneer in the realm of interactive user-generated content (UGC) platforms. Simultaneously, its service aims to provide a place where users can freely and fearlessly express themselves.As a mobile UGC platform, Overdare offers users the ability to craft games of diverse genres, including action RPGs, sports games, and shooting games. Leveraging the power of generative artificial intelligence and the advanced capabilities of Unreal Engine 5, a renowned video game engine, the platform facilitates the streamlined creation of top-notch content. Beyond game development, users can immerse themselves in a wide array of social activities, ranging from personalizing their avatars to engaging in lively conversations.C2E systemOverdare has adopted a create-to-earn (C2E) system within the metaverse, empowering creators to produce their own content, which users can then purchase and own. The trading of these creations is facilitated through non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and blockchain technology. Every transaction that takes place within the metaverse is recorded on the blockchain, and creators are duly compensated based on these transaction records. This system enhances the transparency of transactions and settlements.Compensation in USDCIn pursuit of this vision, Overdare has selected Settlus, a Cosmos-based blockchain developed by Krafton’s subsidiary of the same name, as its mainnet. Settlus has been dedicated to licensing creators’ intellectual property through NFTs on Web2 platforms. As part of this ecosystem, creators have the flexibility to receive compensation in USDC, the US dollar-pegged stablecoin issued by crypto company Circle.Overdare has its sights set on a soft launch of its service in December, followed by the official global release planned for the first half of next year.