Report by Xangle and Tiger Research Explores Indonesia’s Web3 Potential

Seoul Prosecutors to Establish Dedicated Division to Combat Crypto CrimesSeoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office announced that by the end of this month, it will establish a specialized division dedicated to investigating cryptocurrency crimes, according to local news agency Yonhap. This move marks the introduction of the first-ever cryptocurrency-focused investigation organization within South Korea’s prosecution system.Photo by Markus Winkler on UnsplashInvestigation and legal analysisThe newly formed joint cryptocurrency investigation division will prioritize its efforts on combating various crypto-related crimes, including fraudulent activities. Furthermore, the division will examine legal documents to determine whether certain virtual assets constitute securities.This introduction of a specialized division by the public prosecution is expected to streamline and expedite ongoing investigations into cryptocurrency-related cases, demonstrating the authorities’ dedication to addressing the emerging challenges associated with illicit activities in the crypto sphere.Investor protection effortsSouth Korea has been ramping up its initiatives to safeguard crypto investors. Notably, last month, the National Assembly’s plenary session passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill, which is scheduled to take effect in July of next year. Further strengthening the protective framework, the Financial Services Commission (FSC) recently announced a plan to require companies to disclose their virtual asset holdings in the footnotes of financial statements.

South Korea's financial regulator is seeking to allow institutional participation in the cryptocurrency market this year, calling the move a prerequisite for the next phase of digital asset legislation aimed at reshaping a market now dominated by retail traders. Speaking at a judicial training program at the Seoul Southern District Court, Shim Won-tae, an official in the Virtual Asset Division of the Financial Services Commission's (FSC) Digital Finance Policy Bureau, said corporate participation in the crypto market was among the agency's priorities for the year, according to Herald Business. A market limited to retail investors would be at odds with the planned second phase of crypto legislation, he said, describing broader institutional access as a necessary first step.Photo by Mohammad Dadkhah on UnsplashStock token tax rules under reviewThe comments come as policymakers weigh the tax treatment of security tokens. A Ministry of Economy and Finance official said that the government currently regards stock tokens as securities, which could allow them to be taxed under the existing Capital Markets Act if the FSC adopts the same view, Bloomingbit reported. The outlet said taxation could begin later this year if the FSC clarifies the status of stock tokens in a planned July update to security token guidelines and implementing rules. Market conditions have added urgency to the debate. At a National Assembly forum on June 11 marking the first anniversary of the Lee Jae-myung government, Hong Sung-kook, who chairs the ruling Democratic Party's National Economic Advisory Council, flagged two urgent risks: the recent sharp sell-off in the crypto market, which counts an estimated 10 million Korean investors, and a weaker won, according to Digital Asset. He also warned of inflation risks from a prolonged Iran war and a semiconductor boom. South Korea should work to stabilize equities, real estate and digital assets, and prepare for policy shifts by the Trump administration after the war, he said. LG turns to Arbitrum for adsIn a sign of corporate blockchain adoption, LG Electronics is developing an Arbitrum-based network to automate the buying and selling of advertising, Fortune reported. The platform records ad inventory and user-response data on-chain and lets software settle transactions on its own. LG ran a pilot with a Japanese advertising agency and plans to weigh commercialization of the ad platform in the second half of this year. Arbitrum co-founder Steven Goldfeder described it as software running the advertising market. Investor sentiment, meanwhile, stayed bearish. In CoinNess and Kratos's weekly survey of South Korean investors, conducted June 9–12, 65.7% expected Bitcoin to fall in the week ahead, up from 58.8% in the prior poll, while 13.7% looked for gains, down from 17.7%, and 20.6% expected sideways trading, down from 23.5%. Bearish expectations held the majority, and both the bullish and sideways camps thinned from a week earlier. Asked whether Bitcoin had bottomed after it briefly slipped below $60,000 on June 6, the largest share (38.8%) said it had not and expected further declines. Another 28.6% allowed for a short-term rebound but not a trend reversal, 20.1% judged the bottom was in and called it a buy-the-dip opportunity, and 12.5% were unsure. According to CoinMarketCap data at publication time, Bitcoin was trading at $63,456.42, down 0.23% over the past week. 

Indonesia's cryptocurrency regulatory body is urging the government to reconsider its tax policies concerning digital assets. Officials from Indonesia’s Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency (Bappebti) argued last week that the imposition of double taxation on crypto transactions warrants a reevaluation. That’s according to a report which appeared in local news source, Bisnis Indonesia, a Jakarta-based daily newspaper. Currently, cryptocurrencies in Indonesia are classified as commodities, subjecting them to a value-added tax (VAT) of 0.11% and an income tax of 0.1%.Photo by Bisma Mahendra on UnsplashProposed changes in 2025Tirta Karma Senjaya, the head of Bappebti, the Indonesian Commodities and Futures Trading Regulatory Authority, highlighted that the classification of cryptocurrencies as commodities might undergo changes in 2025. This potential shift is due to the planned transfer of crypto oversight from Bappebti to the Southeast Asian country’s financial services authority, OJK.It had been speculated that the switch of oversight would potentially reclassify digital assets as securities. With that change would come a necessary adjustment to the applicable tax policy. Tirta suggested that given that cryptocurrencies are expected to be integrated into the financial sector by January 2025, he urged the Tax Director General to reconsider these tax rates. The regulatory body head added that it’s been over a year since the implementation of these rules. With that, tax policies typically undergo annual reviews. Accommodating crypto’s developmental stateAddressing an event in Jakarta, the regulatory body head emphasized the nascent stage of the crypto industry and its regulatory framework. Consequently, he advocated for providing the industry with leeway to mature until it becomes a substantial contributor to national revenue. In response to Bappebti's call for a reassessment of crypto taxes, Dwi Astuti, a spokesperson for the Ministry of Finance, assured that the Ministry would consider input from both industry stakeholders and the public. "We welcome input from Bappebti and the public. It will certainly be discussed internally," remarked Astuti during a media interaction last week. 2023 crypto tax take slumpThe existing tax structure for cryptocurrencies has been in effect since April 2022, generating approximately $2.49 million in revenue in January 2024. In contrast, Indonesia recorded $41.2 million in crypto tax revenue in the previous year. However in 2023, the country witnessed a decline of 63% in crypto tax revenue compared to the previous year, despite Bitcoin's remarkable surge of approximately 160% during that period. Local crypto exchanges such as INDODAX had attributed the significant drop in trading volume throughout 2023 directly to hefty taxes, expressing concerns that it would drive users towards foreign exchanges. Hasan Fawzi from the Ministry of Finance highlighted the trend of decreasing crypto asset transaction values in 2023. Nonetheless, he noted that the number of crypto asset customers continued to rise, reaching 18.06 million users throughout the year. The crypto sector is seen as having a lot of potential in Indonesia. Last October data released by Bappebti suggested robust growth of the crypto investment landscape within the country. Over the space of a year, Indonesia had seen a 10.1% growth in the number of crypto investors. That data may not have been lost on the country’s politicians as in December, crypto featured as an election campaign issue.