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Korean Metaverse Platforms Face Uncertain Future Amidst Mounting Challenges

Web3 & Enterprise·September 22, 2023, 9:38 AM

Several Korean metaverse platforms, which had promised to usher in a new world bridging online and offline experiences, have found themselves in premature jeopardy, according to industry observations. Various companies that had earmarked metaverse platforms as their future growth driver failed to establish an effective revenue structure to bring this to fruition, leading to speculation that there are limits to successfully developing this branch of business.

Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on Unsplash

 

Dwindling popularity

Metaverse platforms first garnered significant attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, but interest has waned since then — in Google Trends, the keyword “metaverse” has been showing a clear decline since reaching its peak in November of 2021.

The actual usage rates of such platforms have also been low. According to the Korea Information Society Development Institute, last year’s usage rate was a mere 4.2%, and some local government-funded platforms had only about 200 daily visitors despite considerable budget sizes.

As a result, companies struggling with financial difficulties have opted to downsize their operations, strategizing for mid- to long-term approaches to improving efficiency until an era of metaverse popularization arrives.

 

Roadblocks for small and large companies alike

According to industry sources on Friday, platforms like Cytown, developed by social networking space Cyworld, have shut down after just a year, while Kakao Games’ collaborative metaverse venture Colorverse and Com2us Group’s Com2Verse have entered into restructuring phases.

Com2verse’s decision comes just two months after the official release of its all-in-one metaverse platform. The company plans to provide three months’ salary to those applying for voluntary resignation and prioritize hiring new faces when expanding the workforce in the future. The scale of voluntary resignation has not been disclosed.

The restructuring process will affect all employees except those involved in core functions such as development and services. Employees opting for voluntary resignation will also have the option to transfer to other subsidiaries under Com2us Group.

Founded in April of last year, Com2Verse recorded an operating loss of KRW 8.3 billion (approximately $6.2 million) in the first half of this year. Its parent company, Com2us, also recorded consecutive deficits, starting with an operating loss of KRW 19.4 billion in last year’s fourth quarter, followed by losses of KRW 14.8 billion and KRW 5.6 billion in this year’s first and second quarters, respectively. Despite maintaining a stable revenue in its game business, the company faced challenges due to the poor performance of its subsidiary companies and the mounting labor costs needed for accelerating new business endeavors.

Com2us has thus determined that it would be difficult to boost revenue and improve cost structure in the short term. Hence, the company chose to restructure its organization while retaining key personnel working under the Convention Center, an event platform on Com2Verse, which is expected to drive the business forward.

Com2us emphasized that its commitment to the metaverse market remains unchanged, stating, “Given the current situation of local and international metaverse industries, we believe that significant time and investment will always be necessary. Therefore, we have decided that choosing our priorities and focusing on them is the best way to respond to long-term market changes.”

Similarly, Kakao Entertainment had signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) last year with Neptune, a game developer in which Kakao Games owns a 35% share, and Colorverse, a metaverse company in which Neptune owns a 44% share, to jointly work on an open three-dimensional metaverse platform also called Colorverse. However, Colorverse has also undergone restructuring since earlier this year to reduce its workforce after it posted an operating loss of KRW 11.5 billion last year.

Industry analysts have attributed Colorverse’s business slump to the departure of Namkoong Whon, the former CEO who had pinned his hopes on a metaverse as one of the conglomerate’s promising enterprises.

Korean game developer NCSOFT had also said that it is building its own metaverse platform dubbed “Miniverse,” which allows various types of online gatherings from community meetups and study groups to remote classes and work. The company had even conducted a welcome presentation for new employees through Miniverse, but news regarding the project has been scant since then.

As these major corporations have been struggling to overcome such hurdles, smaller startups have undoubtedly been facing increasingly dire circumstances as well, with some even resorting to unexpected suspensions of service operations without prior notice. Others have promoted themselves as metaverse platforms and issued virtual assets that can be used within the virtual world, but in many cases, these assets have proven to be of little benefit or use.

“A revenue structure that can generate income from metaverse platforms has not yet been established. With the gradual decline in remote education, meetings, and telecommuting after the easing of the pandemic, the value of metaverse platforms has also decreased. Also, factors like increased information technology (IT) labor costs and the overall state of the global economy are influencing business momentum,” an industry insider commented.

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Policy & Regulation·

Oct 10, 2023

Hacking Attempts on Upbit Reach 160,000 in First Half of the Year

Hacking Attempts on Upbit Reach 160,000 in First Half of the YearThere have been approximately 160,000 hacking attempts on Upbit, Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, in the first half of this year alone, according to a report submitted by Upbit’s operator Dunamu to lawmaker Park Sung-joong of the National Assembly’s Science, ICT, Broadcasting, and Communications Committee.“Cryptocurrency hacking incidents are increasing both domestically and internationally, and hacking attacks on exchanges such as Upbit, which have daily trading volumes exceeding KRW 2 trillion, are a serious issue,” Park said.Photo by Clint Patterson on UnsplashAn uptick in hacking attemptsThe data revealed that the number of cyber breach attempts in the first half of the year totaled 159,061–2.17 times higher than the number of attempts in the first half of last year, which stood at 73,249.Hacking attempts on Upbit have been steadily increasing in recent years, from 8,356 in the second half of 2020 to 34,687 and 63,912 in the first and second half of 2021, respectively. In the first half of last year, there were 73,249, and 87,242 in the second half. Notably, the exchange suffered losses of approximately KRW 58 billion (approximately $43 million) from a hacking attack in 2019.Ramping up securitySubsequently, Dunamu has taken action to enhance security by managing over 70% of its assets in cold wallets and operating hot wallets in a distributed structure instead of a singular one. Hot wallets refer to online crypto wallets, whereas cold wallets are crypto wallets that are offline and disconnected from the internet. Hot wallets offer the advantage of direct deposits and withdrawals, but they have weaker security levels — most known exchange hacks have thus occurred through this medium. On the other hand, cold wallets store private keys on offline sources like external hard drives and portable storage devices, making real-time trading difficult but providing better security and stability.“We have taken various preventive measures since the hacking incident in 2019, such as operating hot wallets in a distributed manner. There have not been any successful cyber breaches to date,” Upbit said.Regarding the role of the Ministry of Science and ICT in managing and overseeing crypto hacking incidents, Park pointed out that this still remains ambiguous. “The Ministry should conduct large-scale white-hat hacking tests and security assessments for crypto exchanges that are frequently faced with hacking attempts, as well as for hospitals and subway systems that manage large amounts of personal information,” he said.

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Policy & Regulation·

Jul 08, 2025

Hong Kong moves towards stablecoin licenses as Shenzhen warns of stablecoin scams

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Policy & Regulation·

Feb 06, 2024

Hong Kong regulator increases scrutiny of unlicensed VASPs and OTC venues

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