Civic Group Files Embezzlement Complaint Against Former Kakao Chairman Over KLAY Tokens

Terraform Labs Co-Founder Daniel Shin Denies Wrongdoing in LUNA CollapseShin Hyun-seong, popularly known as Daniel Shin, has refuted accusations against him related to the $40 billion collapse of the stablecoin TerraUSD and its companion token, LUNA, according to a report by local news outlet Newspim. He presented this defense during his initial trial at the Seoul Southern District Court on October 30 (local time).Shin co-founded Terraform Labs, the company responsible for issuing TerraUSD and LUNA. His co-founder, Do Kwon, is currently serving a four-month prison sentence in Montenegro for passport forgery.Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on UnsplashProsecution’s allegationsKorean prosecutors allege that since 2018, Shin and his colleagues have concealed the fabricated nature of the “Terra project.” By manipulating trades and releasing misleading information, they purportedly misled investors into thinking the project was successful. It’s believed they sold off their tokens before the LUNA crash in May 2022, earning KRW 462.9 billion ($343.3 million) from these activities. They are suspected of personally taking KRW 376.9 billion from this amount.Prosecutors are focusing on Shin as the potential orchestrator of the LUNA crash. They speculate he began selling LUNA tokens around when Terraform Labs launched the Anchor Protocol in March 2021. This DeFi protocol increased the popularity and value of LUNA tokens. Before the crash, Shin is alleged to have gained at least KRW 154.1 billion.Defense argumentHowever, Shin’s legal team countered by asserting that Shin had cut ties with Kwon in 2020. They argued the decline of TerraUSD and LUNA was due to Kwon’s mishandling of the Anchor Protocol and an external attack, neither associated with Shin. Regarding the exploit, Terraform Labs has pursued legal action in the United States Southern District of Florida, claiming that American market maker Citadel Securities played a part in undermining TerraUSD in May 2022.Defending Shin, his lawyers emphasized that at the inception of the Terra project, there were no legal guidelines specifically for cryptocurrency transactions. Additionally, unlike Do Kwon who kept fleeing abroad, Shin willingly came back to Korea and has been cooperating with the investigation. They also noted he received only 32% of the 70 million LUNA tokens initially promised. Regarding classification, they stated LUNA isn’t legally recognized as a security.Shin’s lawyers further argued the prosecution hasn’t clearly identified victims or adequately outlined the components of fraud in this case. They said the prosecution’s case hinges on viewing LUNA as a security. However, Shin’s legal representatives maintained that under the Korean Capital Markets Act, LUNA isn’t a security, making its trades non-fraudulent.To counter a US court ruling the prosecution presented — that a token is a security — Shin’s defense highlighted that the verdict is from a lower court and remains contested. Earlier, prosecutors had cited a ruling from the United States Southern District Court of New York, which classified the XRP tokens sold to institutional investors as securities.

Leading Chinese gaming company lines up $100M crypto investmentAs yet another indicator of the rising trend of institutional crypto investments, China’s premier board and card game company, Boyaa Interactive, has unveiled plans to invest up to $100 million in cryptocurrency assets, with a focus on Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH).News of Boyaa’s plans emerged following a disclosure from the Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, which stated that the company will distribute notices regarding its crypto investment plans during an extraordinary general meeting (EGM). The relevant details are expected to have been supplied to shareholders on or before Nov. 30. The company has emphasized its intention to ensure transparency while adhering to listing rules throughout this process.Photo by Traxer on UnsplashDigital asset acquisition over a 12-month periodThe decision to delve into the world of cryptocurrencies aligns with Boyaa Interactive’s commitment to strengthening its presence in the evolving Web3 landscape, as highlighted by the company’s board of directors. The proposal outlines a comprehensive strategy to acquire the assets over a 12-month period, pending approval at the upcoming EGM.The planned acquisition involves allocating approximately $90 million equally between Ethereum and Bitcoin. The remaining $10 million is earmarked for stablecoins Tether (USDT) and USD Coin (USDC). Boyaa Interactive asserts that the actual acquisitions will depend on open market conditions, with a commitment not to pay premiums exceeding 10% of prevailing market prices. Funding for this initiative will be sourced from the company’s existing cash reserves.The board will play a crucial role in determining the specific cryptocurrencies to acquire, their allocation ratios and the optimal timing for purchase. The emphasis is on prudent risk management, aligning with Boyaa’s business development strategies.Diversification strategyThe company justifies its choice of Bitcoin and Ethereum by citing their alignment with its long-term development goals. In the document, Boyaa Interactive highlights the importance of investing in cryptocurrencies with robust market liquidity and substantial market values. Bitcoin, Ethereum, USDC, and USDT, chosen for their high market liquidity, align seamlessly with Boyaa’s strategic vision.In its stock exchange filing, it justifies these plans on the basis of a desire to diversify its holdings. The document reads:”[The] purchase of cryptocurrencies is also an important arrangement for the Group’s asset allocation, as allocating part of the Group’s idle reserve funds in cryptocurrencies can serve as a diversification to holding cash in treasury management, and a measure to balance investment risks and returns.”Growing asset acceptanceThe move into the cryptocurrency market comes at a time when institutional investors are increasingly flocking to major assets like BTC and ETH. Reports indicate significant inflows of institutional funds into these cryptocurrencies, setting the stage for what appears to be an extended bull market.Boyaa first showed an interest in holding crypto on its balance sheet back in August when it proposed allocating $5 million towards cryptocurrency investment. The company following up with a $100 million investment serves as a testament to the growing acceptance and integration of cryptocurrencies within mainstream business strategies.

Cronos Labs launches zkEVM chain testnetCronos Labs, the developer behind the Cronos blockchain ecosystem, is charting a new path in the blockchain space by launching a zkEVM chain.From Cosmos to EthereumThe Cronos zkEVM chain is being launched in the first instance as a test network. The layer-2 blockchain will rely upon ZK Stack, the software kit developed by Matter Labs. In this way, the project will be extending its scaling roadmap from Cosmos to Ethereum. As Matter Lab’s SVP of Business and Operations, Marco Cora put it:“When we introduced the ZK Stack, we opened up the door for anyone wanting to build on top of Ethereum to do so by deploying hyperchains. Whether you’re building a specialized Rollup or a general purpose one, hyperchains allow you to tap into Ethereum’s extensive userbase base and liquidity while preserving its robust security and decentralization.”The journey began with the creation of the first chain in the Cronos ecosystem — a Cosmos appchain developed in collaboration with Singapore-headquartered crypto platform Crypto.com and launched in 2021. Subsequently, Cronos introduced an EVM-compatible chain in 2022, built using the Cosmos SDK. Notably, these new endeavors complement, rather than replace, the earlier established chains.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashThe product of collaborative effortsA significant development in Cronos’ evolution is the introduction of zkEVM, a result of collaborative efforts involving Cronos Labs, Matter Labs and engineering teams from stakeholders Crypto.com and existing dApp developers. The zkEVM testnet is a breakthrough, utilizing Ethereum’s Sepolia testnet and incorporating zkSync’s open-source prover, Boojum — a STARK-based zero-knowledge proof system known for its efficiency in the layer-2 rollup space, with low hardware requirements and fees.The decision to launch a native Ethereum chain stemmed from challenges in bridging EVM chains and bridging between Cosmos and Ethereum, according to Ken Timsit, Managing Director at Cronos. Timsit emphasized the richness and robustness of the Ethereum developer ecosystem for building DeFi and NFT applications.Native account abstractionHyperchains within the ZK Stack share components, including a native bridge to the Ethereum mainnet and zkSync’s trustless bridging mechanism, ensuring assets remain secured by Ethereum. The implementation of zkSync’s native account abstraction allows transaction fee payments in various cryptocurrencies, including Cronos’ native token (CRO).Cronos’ zkEVM is anticipated to progress to the mainnet in the second quarter of 2024, marking a pivotal moment in the evolution of hyperchains.The landscape of hyperchains is expanding, with projects like GRVT and Tradable utilizing the ZK Stack. GRVT, a derivatives exchange, and Tradable, a tech firm focused on bringing private credit on-chain, exemplify the diversity and specialization within this emerging sector. Tradable aims to establish an institutional-focused hyperchain, potentially forming a decentralized chain alongside other institutional partners.Matter Labs views the zkSync hyperchain as a superior option compared to app-specific chains in Cosmos, emphasizing the scalability and security benefits. Hyperchains, a potential alternative to private blockchain frameworks like Hyperledger or Corda, offer technical scalability with the benefits of Ethereum. However, practical scalability remains a challenge due to cost considerations and the social coordination problem.