Dunamu’s Luxury Watch Trading Platform Thrives with Blockchain Edge

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved the spot bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) last Tuesday, prompting South Korean investors to flock to cryptocurrency exchanges to make transactions. However, the revenues recorded by these exchanges showed a mixed performance in response to this development due to their differing transaction fee policies, according to local news outlet DealSite on Monday.Photo by Maxim Hopman on UnsplashTrading volumes surge and retreatAccording to crypto analytics platform CoinGecko, as of 9 a.m. on Jan. 12 (KST), Upbit's trading volume on Dec. 11 and 12 was approximately $5.1 billion and $6.1 billion, respectively, for a total of about $11 billion. During the same period, Bithumb recorded $2.6 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively, totaling nearly $5 billion. However, as of this writing at 11 a.m. on Jan. 15, Upbit’s 24-hour trading volume has dropped back down to $2.1 billion and Bithumb to $874 million. "After the SEC's approval, crypto exchanges were simultaneously flooded with transactions," an anonymous industry employee commented. "Bitcoin and Ethereum were mainly traded." Fee divergenceAlthough the ETF approval caused a general uptick in trading volumes, the amount of revenue that the exchanges earned from transaction fees varied. Upbit charges a fee of 0.05% for both buying and selling crypto, meaning the exchange made an estimated KRW 14.8 billion in revenue from the fees from Dec. 11 to 12. Bithumb, on the other hand, hasn't earned any revenue from trading fees since its zero-fee policy was implemented in October last year.  Bithumb had previously charged 0.25% for transactions and 0.04% with coupons. By implementing the former, the exchange lost about KRW 15.8 billion ($12 million) in revenue, and with the latter, it lost about KRW 2.5 billion. For crypto investors, Bithumb's zero-fee policy has made investing more accessible, but the exchange is unlikely to reap its own rewards. Significant investor interestMoreover, with trading for the spot bitcoin ETF beginning on the 11th, the influx of funds is expected to boost trading. "All told there were 700,000 individual trades today in and out of the 11 spot ETFs," Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas told X (formerly Twitter). "For context, that is double the number of trades for $QQQ." $QQQ refers to the Invesco QQQ ETF. According to an image that accompanied Balchunas’ post, the total trading volume across all 11 spot ETFs was reportedly $4.3 billion. Grayscale's GBTC had the highest volume at $2.1 billion, followed by BlackRock’s IBIT at $1 billion and Fidelity’s FBTC at $673 million.

Over Half of Leading Korean Conglomerates Are Venturing Into Web3 and BlockchainMore than half of South Korea’s conglomerates are ushering in the emerging era of Web3 in an attempt to seize new business opportunities presented by a decentralized internet that permits open access and sharing of resources as well as ownership of personal data.Photo by Abbe Sublett on UnsplashSurging interest among Korea’s biggest enterprisesAccording to a survey conducted by local news outlet E Today, 46 of Korea’s top 82 corporations as designated by the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) are pursuing ventures in Web3 and blockchain this year, including those related to non-fungible tokens (NFTs), security tokens, and logistics chains. The survey examined whether the corporations had issued coins, tokens, or NFTs; whether they had corporate divisions or subsidiaries dedicated to blockchain-related projects; and whether they had made investments in blockchain or digital asset-related companies as well as coin and token issuance projects. It was conducted remotely using publicly disclosed information and press releases.Of the 82 total companies, 48 are under the mutual investment restriction system, which prohibits independent corporations from investing their capital in the form of an exchange. Commercial law prohibits mutual stock holdings between parent companies and their subsidiaries in order to prevent a processive increase in company assets through mutual investments. Of those 48, the survey revealed that 32 are engaged in blockchain and Web3-related projects.Nearly 60.42% of the mutual investment restriction group and 48.78% of the total survey group were found to have become involved in the field by signing business deals with blockchain and digital asset-related companies or utilizing blockchain technology themselves.On the other hand, only seven corporations, or 8.54%, had directly issued digital assets or invested in related companies. On the other hand, 26 firms, or 31.71%, invested in NFT-related businesses.Navigating the path to Web3 adoptionHowever, although Web3 is gaining traction as the next generation of future innovation, it has not yet become the dominant trend as Web3 platforms have yet to attract a significant user base. This hindrance can be attributed to the ongoing crypto winter and strict financial regulations.Woo Jong-soo, Director of the Pohang University of Science and Technology’s (POSTECH) Blockchain Research Center and a professor at POSTECH’s Graduate School of Information and Communication, also pointed out that in order for blockchain to exert its influence as an innovative technology, it should be open to the public like Bitcoin. There will be limitations in implementing centralized private blockchains into corporate businesses, he said.But despite these challenges, major leading companies are still pushing their own Web3 and blockchain projects. “The current situation is not an ideal time for diving into Web3 and blockchain businesses, but everyone is quietly preparing while waiting for regulatory uncertainties to be resolved,” said an anonymous developer working at a major corporation.Notably, Park Hye-jin, a professor at the Seoul School of Integrated Sciences and Technologies, revealed that she had received separate Web3 business consultation requests from several teams under the same division of a particular corporation and that these teams were essentially unaware of each others’ ventures into the field. The corporation, which ostensibly announced that it had closed its business, also continues to request consultations, she claimed, highlighting the corporate world’s acknowledgment of Web3’s potential.“Individuals can now monetize and have control over their data, which big tech companies like Facebook and Instagram used to own,” Park explained. “The essence of Web3 is that it is ushering in an era where users have the ability to take initiative.”

Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act to Take Effect in July Next YearThe Virtual Asset User Protection Bill was passed during the South Korean National Assembly’s plenary session last Friday, according to a report by news agency Newsis. The legislation aims to safeguard customer assets, establish regulations against unfair trading practices, and enforce penalties. The act is scheduled to take effect one year after its passage.Photo by KS KYUNG on UnsplashDefinition of virtual assetsUnder the act, a virtual asset is defined as a digital representation of economic value that can be digitally traded or transferred. It’s important to note that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are not considered virtual assets. Virtual assets with characteristics of securities will initially fall under the jurisdiction of the Capital Market Act.Roles of Korea’s central bankThe act grants the Bank of Korea (BOK) the authority to request data and information from virtual asset service providers (VASPs). This provision is deemed necessary for the Korean central bank to formulate monetary and financial policies, despite virtual assets not being equivalent to traditional currencies.Responsibilities of VASPsMoreover, VASPs are obligated to segregate users’ virtual assets from their own holdings. VASPs are also required to reserve the same type and quantity of virtual assets entrusted by users and maintain a certain proportion of these assets in a cold wallet, which is an offline storage solution.Unfair trading practices will be regulated in a similar manner as outlined in the Capital Market Act. The act specifically prohibits the use of undisclosed information, price manipulation, fraudulent transactions, and trading of self-issued virtual assets. VASPs are barred from suspending deposits and withdrawals without legitimate reasons. They are also mandated to monitor suspicious transactions and take appropriate measures to safeguard users. Any suspected unfair trading practices must be promptly reported to financial authorities. Violators of these rules may face criminal penalties, liability for damages, and potential class action lawsuits.Powers of financial authoritiesThe act also clarifies the powers of financial authorities in supervising, inspecting, and taking action against virtual asset operators. Unfair trade practices can result in imprisonment for more than one year (up to 10 years for violations related to self-issued virtual assets) or fines ranging from three to five times the illicit gains. Assets acquired through unfair trade practices will be confiscated, or an equivalent value will be charged if confiscation is not feasible.Impact on crypto investigationsThe absence of legislation directly addressing unfair trading practices in the virtual asset market has posed challenges for prosecutors. They had to rely on existing statutes related to fraud, the capital market, and financial investments. Once the new act takes effect, prosecutors will no longer need to determine whether a virtual asset qualifies as a security or not.Regarding this development, a prosecutor told local legal news outlet Law Times that the implementation of the new act will escalate prosecutorial investigations into cryptocurrency incidents.Meanwhile, the individuals behind the crash of Terraform Labs’ stablecoin TerraUSD and its sister coin Luna will not be subject to this act due to the legal principle of nulla poena sine lege, which prevents the retrospective enforcement of criminal laws. Do Kwon, co-founder of Terraform Labs, was recently sentenced to four months in prison by a Montenegrin court for passport forgery after being arrested in March. The other co-founder, Daniel Shin, has been indicted by prosecutors in Korea.