Chung-Ang University to Issue Blockchain-Based Certificates

Chinese Prosecutors Issue Warning on NFTsIn recent days, China’s top procuratorial agency, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate of China, issued a warning alongside some guidelines on non-fungible tokens (NFTs).The Supreme People’s Procuratorate is the highest office in China charged with the mandate of upholding legal integrity, safeguarding citizens’ rights, and where necessary, conducting criminal investigations. In a statement published on Monday, the agency set out an advisory, together with additional recommendations, pertaining to NFTs.Photo by Markus Winkler on PexelsNFT status in ChinaWhile all and sundry are aware of a multi-year crack-down by the Chinese authorities on crypto in recent times, exemplified by a ban on crypto trading and the operation of crypto mining facilities within the country’s borders, the status of NFTs has been discussed to a much lesser degree.NFTs remain legal within the country. When the crypto trading ban came into play in 2021, much of the local industry connected with that trading activity disappeared. However, in its place, a newly emergent trend came to the fore in the form of NFTs. With cryptocurrencies perceived as being high risk and sanctioned by the authorities, attention turned to NFTs and there has been a surge of adoption of the digital collectibles within China as a consequence.NFT risksThe procuratorial agency highlighted a number of attributes as well as risks in relation to NFTs in the report that it published. The agency finds the issue of ownership of NFTs as a troublesome one. It cites the fact that NFTs can be replicated and distributed at will on this basis as being particularly problematic. The legitimacy of the right source of the work itself is the decisive factor for the healthy and orderly development of digital works NFT transactions,” it states.It appears that the agency, like many in traditional professional circles before them, have a difficulty recognizing the model of asset ownership that NFTs incorporate. That ownership is not defined by civil law or in accordance with centralized systems but by simply the possession of the requisite private key pertaining to a given NFT within a decentralized system.Blockchain, not cryptoThe agency acknowledged that NFTs do present a novel application of blockchain technology. This is not surprising as while there might be an ongoing clampdown on decentralized cryptocurrencies in China, officials at a national level and in numerous instances within regional administrations, are demonstrating a strategy of leveraging blockchain technology for the betterment of the Chinese economy in the future.Public prosecutor Wang Xia-fen, one of the authors of the report, stated: “It’s widely recognized that digital collectibles have the potential to protect intellectual property rights, boost content creation and enrich the digital economy.” Wang encouraged public prosecutors to “find the distinction between real innovation and criminal activities” where NFTs are concerned.The upshot of its report though, is that the procuratorial agency is uncomfortable with the similarity of many of the attributes of NFTs when compared with decentralized cryptocurrencies. It issued a warning on that basis, emphasizing a need for risk assessment to be carried out and further consideration of the legal risks that are implicated.

B. Riley Financial Agrees Strategic Bitdeer Share PurchaseBitdeer, the Singapore-based crypto mining firm that emerged as a spin-off from the renowned mining manufacturer Bitmain, has solidified a significant pact with financial services firm B. Riley Financial, through a share purchase deal. This accord entails the sale of up to $150 million worth of Bitdeer’s Class A ordinary shares.Photo by Kelly Sikkema on UnsplashOption to buyIn a filing dated August 9 with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the terms of the agreement unveil a strategic arrangement. B. Riley will possess the option, albeit not the obligation, to procure a designated quantity of Bitdeer’s shares over a span of three years. Parameters of this agreement include a maximum acquisition of either 1 million shares or 25% of the shares of Bitdeer traded on the Nasdaq throughout this stipulated purchase timeframe.The filing states: “Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II, up to US$150,000,000 of its Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0000001 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”), subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement.”Amplified voting privilegesIn essence, this arrangement affords B. Riley a distinct position within Bitdeer’s echelons. Class A shares, which typically elude public trading, grant shareholders amplified voting privileges in contrast to their Class B counterparts. Ergo, this deal furnishes B. Riley with a tangible stake in the domain of crypto mining.Underpinning this transaction, Bitdeer has committed to compensating B. Riley with 0.5% of the deal’s total value in acknowledgment of its commitment to procuring these shares. Additionally, B. Riley will be indemnified for legal expenses and outlays, extending up to a cap of $50,000.Broader mining interestIt’s not the first time that B. Riley has shown an interest in crypto mining. It signed a $100 million equity deal with Iris Energy last year. Additionally, it’s one of the largest creditors of Core Scientific.Noteworthy is the fact that Bitdeer embarked on its journey to public status via a Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC) deal with Blue Safari Group back in April. This strategic maneuver enabled Bitdeer to become public without taking the conventional route of an initial public offering (IPO).Marking a departure from the throes of the crypto winter, this SPAC deal entailed the fusion of a special purpose acquisition company with a private entity. Bitdeer’s subsequent Nasdaq debut wasn’t without its problems. Investors were lukewarm in the interest shown in the Bitdeer proposition, resulting in an immediate 30% price drop.Bhutan mining collaborationNotably, Bitdeer made headlines when it inked a partnership with Druk Holding and Investments (DHI) in May, signifying a collective stride towards establishing an ecologically-conscious, carbon-neutral digital asset mining venture within the realm of the Kingdom of Bhutan.Rooted in the visionary pursuits of Jihan Wu, the former Co-Founder of Bitmain, Bitdeer is distinguished for its cloud-mining services, a pursuit realized through its data centers stationed in Tennessee, Washington, and Texas. The company’s most recent operations report attests to the mining of 220 Bitcoin (BTC) via its self-mining enterprise in July, constituting an impressive year-over-year escalation of 41%.

JD.com, one of China’s largest business-to-consumer (B2C) online retailers, is understood to have registered “JCOIN” and “JOYCOIN” ahead of Hong Kong’s Stablecoins Ordinance going live on Aug. 1. According to a report published by the Hong Kong Economic Times, in its trademark registration application, JD.com described the services associated with the two brand names as implicating the provision of electronic fund transfers and cryptocurrency-related financial transactions achieved via blockchain technology.Photo by tommao wang on UnsplashHKD-pegged stablecoinThe trademark registrations were filed by JD.com's subsidiary company, JD Coinlink Technology. The company was announced as a participant in the Hong Kong Monetary Authority’s (HKMA) stablecoin issuer sandbox last year. Around that timeframe, it also unveiled plans to launch a stablecoin pegged to the Hong Kong dollar (HKD).  That move was followed by British multinational bank Standard Chartered in February, with it announcing the launch of a HKD-pegged stablecoin in Hong Kong alongside local partners. Standard Chartered and its partners have also been participants in Hong Kong’s stablecoin issuer sandbox. Liu Peng, CEO of JD Coinlink Technology, provided an update in May, outlining that its stablecoin was entering phase two of sandbox testing. He stated that he hopes the project “contributes to payment efficiency not only within JD’s ecosystem but also for businesses and individuals worldwide.” On its website, JD Coinlink Technology describes its “JINGDONG Stablecoin” as a stablecoin backed 1:1 by the Hong Kong dollar, with the goal of meeting regulatory compliance and becoming “one of the leading digital currencies for businesses and individuals seeking for efficient, cost-effective, and secure payment solutions.” In a press briefing in Beijing in June, Peng outlined that the company was making preparations to apply for stablecoin issuer licensing in several markets. The JD Coinlink Technology CEO asserted that stablecoins “can reduce payment costs by 90% and complete transactions within 10 seconds.”  Ant Group, a subsidiary of another Chinese e-commerce giant, Alibaba, has also been following a similar track, preparing to apply for stablecoin licensing in both Hong Kong and Singapore. Push for yuan-pegged stablecoinsBoth Ant Group and JD.com have been lobbying the authorities in China for permission to issue a yuan-pegged stablecoin. Mainland China continues to impose a prohibition on crypto trading and mining, although more recently there have been signs that it may be considering accommodating stablecoins. Behind closed doors, it is understood that JD.com has urged officials at the People’s Bank of China to permit the issuance of offshore yuan-pegged stablecoins as a means to promote use of the yuan internationally and to enable more efficient cross-border trade. Hong Kong is perceived by many commentators as a testing ground for the digital assets sector in China. However, regulators in the Chinese autonomous territory have expressed caution around approving fiat-backed stablecoins tied to foreign currencies, noting that such issuances would require prior “discussions with the relevant authorities.” With Hong Kong’s Stablecoins Ordinance going live on Aug. 1, the HKMA published further guidelines for licensed stablecoin issuers on July 29. The regulator disclosed that it intends to publish a public registry of licensed stablecoin issuers for the benefit of the general public.