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Bank of Korea Explores Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for Citizen-Centric CBDC Pilot Test

Policy & Regulation·August 01, 2023, 8:47 AM

The Bank of Korea (BOK) is reportedly reviewing three potential locations for a pilot test of a citizen-centric payment system utilizing the Korean Won central bank digital currency (CBDC). Instead of choosing Seoul, the nation’s capital city, the BOK is considering Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for the pilot. That’s according to local tech news outlet IT Chosun.

The three cities have been selected as possible testbeds, and discussions with commercial banks are ongoing to move the project forward. Once a city is chosen, the BOK will collaborate with local retailers, including hypermarkets, to test the CBDC payment and distribution system.

Photo by Ethan Brooke on Unsplash

 

Regional currency model

The CBDC test will be limited to a specific area, operating similarly to regional currencies issued by municipal governments to stimulate local economies. The CBDC wallet app will be available to all citizens, but its usage will be restricted to retailers in the designated area. Presently, Jeju, Busan, and Incheon already have their own regional currencies managed by local banks and financial institutions.

However, implementing the CBDC system poses technical challenges. In remote tests last year, the BOK discovered that transaction speeds for small transfers were slower compared to traditional payment processing providers in regions outside the Seoul Metropolitan Area.

Against this backdrop, the BOK seeks to recruit an unusually large number of tech experts in order to build a large-scale system for small payments. The bank has been actively hiring individuals for this purpose since the beginning of the year.

 

CBDC test next year

With the test scheduled for next year, the BOK aims to promptly select the test destination based on the system’s expected performance, estimated user numbers, and potential economic impact.

While Busan is more or less shunned due to its large population, Jeju is emerging as a preferred choice. However, the final decision has been tentatively postponed due to internal issues within the BOK.

Following the pilot test results, the BOK may gradually broaden the scope of the CBDC system. Meanwhile, in a similar development, China began its CBDC pilots in 2020 and has now expanded its CBDC use to 26 cities across 17 provinces.

According to a BOK official, the Korean central bank is making seamless preparation for the test and engaging in discussions with commercial banks to explore their operating models and devise effective implementation strategies.

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Libeara gears up to offer tokenized Singapore dollar government bonds

Libeara gears up to offer tokenized Singapore dollar government bondsStandard Chartered’s fintech investment subsidiary SC Ventures has unveiled Libeara, a platform set to cause a stir with the introduction of the first-ever tokenized Singapore-dollar government bond fund.Once launched, the offering would provide for a significant departure from traditional bond funds, offering a sleek and digital twist to the stable investment option. There’s no fixed date for the product offering as yet, as it will need to be approved by the local regulator, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS).Photo by Zhu Hongzhi on UnsplashGreater accessibility and liquidityLibeara’s emergence signifies yet another instance of the convergence of traditional financial instruments in combination with blockchain technology. Through the tokenization of government bonds, Libeara not only aligns with the evolving preferences of modern investors but also promises greater accessibility and liquidity in the bond market.Within Libeara’s distributed ledger-based innovation, each token mirrors a unit of the bond fund, embodying its value and ownership rights. This approach streamlines the investor experience, ensuring a seamless process from onboarding to subscription and redemption of tokenized units. Libeara’s model addresses historical inefficiencies, enhancing the efficiency, transparency and security of bond trading that has long been plagued by cumbersome processes and intermediaries.Aaron Gwak, Founder and CEO of Libeara, provided further details on the new startup’s market offering:“This will be the first time a Singapore-dollar government bond fund will be offered in token format. At Libeara, we care deeply about not only creating a token representing an asset but also about how close the token is to the actual asset. Ensuring that FundBridge’s investors can buy native tokens, where each token represents a unit of the fund, is central to the infrastructure of the tokenisation solution that we have created for FundBridge.”Catering to accredited investorsLibeara’s product proposition caters to accredited investors and is positioned as a collaborative effort with industry leaders. The new start-up is emerging in Singapore, wholly owned by SC Ventures while partnering with FundBridge Capital, both headquartered in the city-state.The firm has partnered with enterprise-grade platform Fireblocks for digital asset infrastructure. There’s further Singaporean involvement by way of partnerships with local entities such as digital assets services group Fazz and digital asset payments infrastructure firm StraitsX for crypto-to-fiat conversions. Chainalysis has been contracted for its on-chain AML capabilities, Hong Kong’s Chekk for KYC solutions and local firm Letsbloom for cloud deployments and compliance.Sue Lynn Lim, CEO and COO of FundBridge Capital, emphasized the transformative potential of the venture, stating:“By partnering with Libeara, we are ensuring that we can provide additional investment opportunities enabled by lower operating costs, higher transparency and higher operational efficiency.”The move not only involves creating a digital representation of an asset but reimagining the asset itself in a digital format for increased accessibility, ease of trade and potential profitability.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Aug 17, 2023

Monthly Active Users of Binance in South Korea Surpasses 230,000

Monthly Active Users of Binance in South Korea Surpasses 230,000The monthly active user (MAU) count for the virtual asset exchange app Binance has surpassed 230,000 in South Korea, according to a recent analysis reported by local news outlet Etoday. This places Binance as the fourth-largest exchange in terms of user base, following more prominent local won-denominated exchanges Upbit, Bithumb, and Coinone.Photo by Vadim Artyukhin on UnsplashSoaring numbersAccording to data from the insights platform Mobile Index, the MAU for the Binance app in Korea averaged 230,965 users from February to July this year. Starting from 238,487 users in February, the number peaked at 240,000 in April, followed by a slight decrease to 219,010 in June and 215,743 in July. These figures significantly outpace the 131,799 average for Korbit and 36,123 for Gopax, recorded over the past six months.The abundance of users is also reflected in the app’s high trading volume in Korea. In May this year, Binance reportedly accounted for around $58.3 billion in trading volume from Korean users, representing approximately 13% of the total trading volume, according to the Wall Street Journal. This makes Korea the app’s second-largest market after China in terms of trading volume.These statistics are notable considering the fact that Binance does not support won-denominated trading nor has a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) license for Korean operations. They can thus be attributed to the availability of futures trading, which is not offered by local exchanges. According to the Journal, futures trading accounts for 98% of the transactions conducted by Korean users.Regulatory validationMoreover, Binance is registered on the travel rule whitelists of three of the country’s largest exchanges: Upbit, Bithumb, and Coinone. This travel rule regulation was put into effect last year, requiring financial institutions to share data on cryptocurrency transactions.Being whitelisted means that users of the aforementioned exchanges can easily make trades on Binance after completing Know Your Customer (KYC) identification procedures.Each exchange follows its own criteria to add virtual asset service providers to its whitelist, allowing only whitelisted entities to send and receive transactions.Industry experts claim that this is yet another depiction of just how lucrative Korea’s crypto market is, as is the case with the significant trading volumes recorded by domestic exchanges. This is likely driving the active efforts of foreign exchanges, including Binance, to penetrate the market.Binance’s ongoing regulatory challengesEarlier this year, Binance acquired a majority stake in Streami, the operator of Korea’s KRW-to-crypto exchange Gopax, aiming to solidify its presence in the Korean market. Following this acquisition, Streami underwent leadership transitions that saw Lee Joon-haeng step down, making way for Binance’s APAC head Leon Sing Foong. Subsequently, the leadership baton was passed to Lee Joong-hoon, the former Vice President of Gopax.For these shifts in leadership, Streami submitted reports to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC) to inform the regulatory body about changes in company representatives. However, despite these notifications, the financial regulator has not yet granted its approval, likely influenced by the ongoing legal challenges Binance is facing in multiple jurisdictions, including that of the United States.In a seeming effort to address this regulatory impasse, Streami has recently decided to undergo yet another change in its CEO position. This marks the third leadership alteration within a span of six months. Meanwhile, the identity of the incoming CEO is yet to be disclosed.Oscillating trends of growth and declineIn related news, Mobile Index also reported that Upbit had the highest MAU among virtual asset exchange apps in Korea. From February to July, Upbit averaged an MAU count of 3,280,746, surpassing the 1,005,432 average for Bithumb, marking a threefold difference. Coinone’s average MAU during this period was calculated at 316,277.However, over the same six-month period, all won-denominated exchanges except for Korbit experienced a decline in MAU. Gopax witnessed a 22.3% drop from 42,556 users in February to 33,059 users in July. This was followed by 20%, 14.8%, and 6.8% declines for Coinone, Bithumb, and Upbit, respectively. Binance also experienced a 9.5% dip.In contrast, Korbit saw a 16.5% increase, rising from 118,816 MAU in February to 131,799 in July.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

May 30, 2023

Dunamu’s Q1 Revenue Drops 28.6% Amid Global Liquidity Contraction

Dunamu’s Q1 Revenue Drops 28.6% Amid Global Liquidity ContractionDunamu, the operator of Upbit, a major cryptocurrency exchange in South Korea, announced today the release of its Q1 2023 report.Photo by Tiger Lily on PexelsDeclining revenueAccording to the Data Analysis, Retrieval and Transfer System (DART) of the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), Dunamu’s consolidated sales revenue for the first quarter of 2023 was 304.8 billion KRW ($231.3 million). This figure represents a 28.6% decrease from 426.8 billion KRW ($323.9 million) recorded during the same period last year. Additionally, its operating income declined by 26.3% to 211.9 billion KRW ($160.8 million) from 287.8 billion KRW ($218.4 million). However, its net income showed an increase of 54.9%, reaching 326.3 billion KRW ($247.6 million).Global liquidity contractionDunamu attributed the decline in revenue to several factors, including the ongoing global liquidity contraction, economic downturn, and reduced investor confidence. These factors collectively impacted the company’s financial performance during the first quarter of 2023. On a positive note, Dunamu linked the net income increase to the recovery and upward movement of digital asset prices in comparison to the previous quarter.Established in April 2012, Dunamu has enjoyed noticeable growth by offering a range of services related to digital assets, securities, and asset management. In recent years, it has been tapping into new technology trends like non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and metaverses to adapt to the era of Web3 and enhancing transaction security and convenience for valuable assets.As a company with a shareholder base exceeding 500, Dunamu has been disclosing its business reports as well as quarterly and semiannual reports since 2022 in line with the Korean Capital Markets Act’s requirements.

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