Bank of Korea Explores Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for Citizen-Centric CBDC Pilot Test

Hong Kong-based digital asset financial services firm HashKey Group has announced its intention to list its platform token, HSK, in Q3 2024. HSK tokenomicsThe company set out details of the HSK listing via a series of posts on the X social media platform. The HSK token is based on the Ethereum ERC-20 token standard. Total token supply will be capped at one billion, 65% of which will be allocated towards ecosystem growth. The team will be incentivized by the allocation of 30% of the supply while 5% will be held back in a reserve fund.  Regarding the token’s burning mechanism, HashKey revealed it retains the discretion to repurchase up to 20% of net profits from specified businesses and subsequently burn the acquired tokens from the total supply.Photo by Zoltan Tasi on UnsplashAirdrop imminentIn a statement shared with The Block, HashKey Group detailed that HSK will be integrated across its various products and applications. The community airdrop, launching in late June, aims to encourage user participation. The company stated:“HSK is scheduled to launch a community airdrop through HashKey's core businesses in late June, encouraging users to contribute to community building.” The company believes that HSK will incentivize ecosystem contributors when it comes to development of its layer-2 ecosystem chain, the HashKey Chain. That incentive structure, the company maintains, will result in contributors “providing robust support,” while acting as a “driving force for on-chain users and assets.”  Integration with external ecosystemsThe firm outlined that the HSK token is designed to integrate with external crypto ecosystems so as to best facilitate synergy between internal and external collaborations. HashKey Group boasts a comprehensive Web3 ecosystem, inclusive of infrastructure, middleware, AI, DeFi, GameFi and the Metaverse. HashKey Group’s core businesses include HashKey Capital, HashKey Tokenisation and HashKey NFT. It also operates HashKey Exchange, a licensed cryptocurrency exchange in Hong Kong, with the exchange business having reached a $500 million assets-under-management (AUM) milestone earlier this month.  HashKey Cloud, a Web3 infrastructure provider, formed a strategic partnership with the Aptos Foundation last month with a view towards progressing projects relative to decentralized identity (DID) and security token offerings (STOs). HashKey Global, a global exchange launched in April, has risen to ninth spot in terms of overall crypto exchange trading volume. In January, HashKey Group announced that it raised nearly $100 million in its Series A financing round, achieving a pre-money valuation above $1.2 billion. In September, the investment arm of the company, HashKey Capital, launched a $100 million fund focused on altcoins.

Kazinform, the state-owned official news agency of Kazakhstan, has reported that the central Asian republic is working towards the establishment of a national crypto reserve. The news agency revealed that in answering an inquiry from a member of the Kazakhstan parliament, Timur Suleimenov, Governor of the National Bank of Kazakhstan, said that the central bank is currently studying information related to the formation and management of a national crypto reserve. Photo by engin akyurt on UnsplashFollowing best international practicePlans are being devised for a crypto reserve on the basis that best international practice as applied to sovereign wealth fund management is adopted. In this respect, guidelines related to transparency of accounting and secure crypto custody will be followed. The reserve will be established through an affiliate entity of Kazakhstan's central bank, specializing in alternative investments. In responding to the parliamentary inquiry, Suleimenov also revealed the likely source of funding for the fund. He stated: “International practice shows that the sources for such a reserve may include confiscated crypto-assets, as well as  cryptocurrencies mined by a crypto miner partially owned by the government.” Suleimenov outlined that while crypto assets have proven to be volatile and riskier than other asset classes, having the reserve controlled and managed by a central bank affiliate would result in the required levels of risk management and overall oversight being applied. According to Kursiv, a news organization focused on the Central Asian region, the authorities in Kazakhstan plan to amend relevant legislation so as to enable the effective management of the crypto reserve. Suleimenov stated that the central bank is open to discussing potential legislative amendments with members of Kazakhstan's parliament. The National Bank of Kazakhstan's governor also warned that misinformation by pseudo-business coaches related to cryptocurrencies needs to be curbed. He feels that in order to protect investors, and particularly young people, legal measures will be necessary in an effort to bring about greater transparency within the country’s crypto market. The authorities in Kazakhstan currently have a crypto regulatory framework in place that requires crypto trading platforms that extend their services to local users to have acquired a trading license from the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC).  In May, it emerged that the Central Asian republic is planning to establish a pilot project for cryptocurrencies called “CryptoCity.” At the time, Kazakhstan’s president, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, delivered a speech at the Astana International Forum outlining that the CryptoCity project would facilitate the use of crypto for the payment of goods and services within a specific geographical zone. Crypto hub potentialEarlier that month, the country’s First Vice-Minister of Digital Development, Innovation and Aerospace Industry, Kanysh Tuleushin, said that Kazakhstan had the potential to emerge as a leading cryptocurrency hub within the Central Asian region. Following the implementation of a ban on crypto mining in China in 2021, Kazakhstan experienced an influx of miners, attracted by cheap electricity. However, the arrival of miners was unplanned for, putting extreme pressure on the local electricity grid, resulting ultimately in brownouts and protests. The country once accounted for 27% of global Bitcoin mining. However, regulations introduced in 2023 led to the activity being scaled back considerably.

Japanese cabinet approves crypto tax reformThe Japanese government has green-lit an amendment to its fiscal 2024 tax reform plan, specifically targeting the taxation of companies holding third-party-issued cryptocurrencies.Photo by Louie Martinez on UnsplashIntroducing tax exemptionAccording to local news sources, this amendment brings about a crucial change by exempting such companies from the year-end mark-to-market valuation tax.The Fiscal Year 2024 Tax Reform Outline, now approved by the Japanese cabinet, marks a departure from the previous tax regime. Under the new framework, companies holding crypto assets will no longer be subjected to mark-to-market valuation at the end of the fiscal year. Instead, they will be taxed solely on the actual profits realized from the sale of virtual currencies and tokens.Alleviating the tax burdenThe primary motivation behind this amendment is to alleviate the tax burden on corporations engaged in the holding and operation of crypto assets. Previously, corporations holding third-party-issued cryptocurrencies were required to record profits or losses based on the difference between market value and book value at the end of the fiscal year. The new reform, however, exempts assets assumed to be held continuously from this mark-to-market valuation.News of moves to implement such reform emerged at the beginning of December. At the time, a report by Nikkei Asia suggested that Japanese lawmakers were working towards addressing issues related to crypto taxation. Japanese regulator, the Financial Services Agency (FSA) had first proposed such changes to the tax code via a 16-page submission on Aug. 31.Signaling investor-friendly approachThis policy shift aligns the taxation of companies with the tax system applicable to individual investors, signaling a more investor-friendly approach. Lawmakers from the Liberal Democratic Party and their coalition partner Komeito had reportedly considered a proposal to exempt corporations from taxes on unrealized crypto gains. This move is seen as Japan’s effort to boost liquidity in the market, putting it in line with other Asian regions striving to become prominent centers of crypto activity.The amendment, influenced by the Japan Cryptoasset Business Association’s (JCBA) call for tax reform, is anticipated to stimulate the growth of local startup businesses utilizing blockchain technology and attract international projects to the Japanese market.The proposal is set to be presented at the regular session of the National Diet (Japan’s national legislature) in January of the upcoming year, where it will require approval from both the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors.Notably, the Fiscal Year 2024 Tax Reform Outline encompasses a broader spectrum of economic policies, including a plan to reduce income tax and resident tax by 40,000 yen per person from June 2024 onwards.News of the crypto tax reform has been well-received by most industry commentators and market participants. Daiki Moriyama, Director of Singapore-based gaming blockchain project Oasys, reacted positively to the development. He told The Block:“The fact that the Japanese government has demonstrated its willingness to grow Web3 business by enacting tax reform for the second year in a row is extremely important to all Web3 business stakeholders around the world.”