Bank of Korea Explores Jeju, Busan, and Incheon for Citizen-Centric CBDC Pilot Test

Growing Concerns about Single Crypto Exchange Listings in KoreaAccording to Yonhap Infomax, there is increasing concern about single crypto exchange listings in the Korean market, following the recent arrest of two former Coinone employees.©Pexels/RODNAE ProductionsCrypto listing briberyThe individuals were detained by the Seoul prosecution for allegedly accepting about 3 billion KRW (equivalent to over $2.2 million) in bribes to list a certain cryptocurrency on the exchange.Prosecutors are investigating if these suspects were also involved in the listing of the Puriever token, which is reportedly connected to the kidnapping and murder of a woman in her forties in Gangnam, Seoul.Single exchange-listed cryptosA recent report by the Financial Services Commission (FSC) revealed that 389 cryptocurrencies were listed on a single Korean exchange in the second half of last year, a decrease from the previous year’s 403. Despite the decrease, the trend of single exchange listings continued. Exchanges often exclusively list specific cryptocurrencies to gain a competitive edge, as investors typically prefer larger exchanges with greater liquidity.However, these cryptocurrencies may lack proper review and management and are often highly volatile. The FSC report showed that 34% of cryptocurrencies listed on a single exchange had a market cap of less than 100 million KRW (~$76,000). The Financial Intelligence Unit also warned investors about price fluctuations and liquidity shortages.High volatile cryptocurrencies are attractive to exchanges, as they can lead to increased transaction fee profits.Transparent listingTo address this issue, experts advocate for a transparent listing process.One lawyer in the crypto industry noted that there is a global trend of regulating cryptocurrencies as securities, and if relevant bills pass in Korea, their issuance and disclosure will be regulated. Clear guidelines on disclosures could resolve the issues of single crypto exchange listings, the legal advisor added.Another industry insider has called for investor caution, stressing the need to consider the potential delisting of these crypto assets.

Bank of Korea Anticipated to Conduct Retail CBDC Pilot TestThe Bank of Korea (BOK), the South Korean central bank, is reportedly planning to conduct a pilot test for distributing retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) to the general public via commercial banks, according to a report by local news outlet IT Chosun.Photo by Zequn Gui on UnsplashBOK’s CBDC initiativesIn 2020, the BOK initiated a pilot test for CBDC issuance, establishing a platform for both online and offline payments. Last month, the BOK announced the successful completion of a CBDC simulation to ensure connectivity with commercial banks.A representative from a commercial bank stated that the BOK would recruit banks next month for a retail CBDC experiment. The pilot test for this retail CBDC is projected to take place next year.Wholesale and retailThe upcoming CBDC pilot test aims to cater to the retail needs of ordinary citizens. There are two types of CBDCs: wholesale CBDCs, which facilitate payments between financial institutions, and retail CBDCs, which are accessible to all economic entities, including the general public.The successful execution of the retail CBDC pilot test requires close collaboration between the BOK and commercial banks. A banking official highlighted that while the BOK can outline the distribution framework for wholesale CBDCs, it may not be the most suitable entity to design the intricate distribution scheme for retail CBDCs.Last year, 15 financial institutions, including five commercial banks (KB Kookmin Bank, Shinhan Bank, Hana Bank, Woori Bank, and NongHyup Bank), participated in an inter-institutional CBDC linkage experiment with the BOK. The BOK is expected to select banks from among these participants to design the distribution structure of retail CBDCs and proceed with a pilot test.Speculative timelineAn official from a commercial bank that took part in the BOK’s prior experiment said that the Korean central bank has recently maintained close communication with commercial banks and successfully completed the infrastructure linkage test for CBDCs. The official also mentioned that the retail CBDC test is expected to see its completion this year, potentially enabling the commencement of retail CBDC implementations in the private sector next year.However, a BOK official expressed a more cautious stance. The official stated that the BOK has recently expanded its digital currency research team and plans to conduct further research in the future. Specific timelines and plans for the retail CBDC test could not be disclosed at this time.Other countriesDifferent countries have adopted varying approaches to CBDC research and implementation, depending on their economic conditions. Developing nations have been promoting CBDC issuance to facilitate financial inclusion, while developed countries have prioritized the stability of their financial systems.However, as cash payments decline and private digital currencies continue to proliferate, developed countries are also turning their attention to retail CBDCs. For instance, the Bank of England collaborated with the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to establish and experiment with retail CBDC prototype infrastructure. Similarly, the European Union (EU) has released draft legislation to introduce the digital euro as a legal tender within the Eurozone.

IEEE to deploy skill certificates on blockchain for Indian membersThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), a professional association boasting a membership of over 75,000 in India, has chosen the Avalanche blockchain as the primary settlement layer for issuing tamper-evident certificates.Photo by Vishnu Mohanan on UnsplashIntegrating Avalanche blockchainIndia holds the second-largest IEEE membership base globally outside the United States, making this move a significant development in secure credentialing.According to a report by Cointelegraph on Wednesday, Avalanche’s C-Chain will serve as the key settlement layer for IEEE’s certificate issuance due to its compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The decision aims to provide an ecosystem that meets the requirements for tamper-proof, instant and secure verification processes for all trainees and users receiving IEEE credentials.Zupple Labs collaborationThe blockchain certificates will be issued through LegitDoc, a blockchain-based credential lifecycle management system developed by Zupple Labs. Neil Martis, Co-Founder of Zupple, noted that the Indian public sector has shown increased willingness to implement full-fledged blockchain projects over the past 12 months, moving beyond pilot initiatives.This is the latest project in recent weeks that has seen Zupple Labs play a key role in enabling the real-world use of blockchain. Through a collaboration with the Indian Web3 startup in October, the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) streamlined its purchase order process, issuing tamper-proof digital purchase orders via LegitDoc.Avalanche expands into IndiaDevika Mittal, Head of Avalanche’s India arm, emphasized the significance of Avalanche’s EVM compatibility in simplifying the deployment of widely used applications, including credential registries and identity management. She pointed out that reputable institutions like SK Planet and JP Morgan Onyx prefer Avalanche as their go-to blockchain.Mittal has been a key hire for Avalanche blockchain developer Ava Labs recently as part of its efforts to target significant expansion within India. Earlier this year, the company collaborated with China’s Alibaba Cloud, the cloud computing subsidiary of e-commerce behemoth Alibaba Group, assisting with the building of a launchpad that will enable the deployment of metaverses.The partnership between IEEE and Zupple Labs is poised to bring about the issuance of numerous tamper-proof engineering credentials in India. This collaboration underscores the growing acceptance of blockchain in education credentialing, setting a powerful precedent for broader participation in the Web3 landscape.In an interview, Martis expressed the flexibility of their approach, stating:“We would be experimenting with new platforms as additional parallel settlement layers as suitable new tech emerges.”This reflects an openness to exploring evolving blockchain technologies while maintaining a commitment to ensuring the immutability, longevity and security of the solutions.The IEEE-Zupple Labs collaboration aligns with the trend of blockchain integration in educational and professional spheres, offering a glimpse into the future of secure and efficient credentialing systems. As the second-largest membership base outside the United States, India plays a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of blockchain adoption within professional associations like IEEE.