p0x Labs Secures $25M Funding to Propel Manta Network Into Asia

ZkLink Snags $10M Funding Ahead of Mainnet LaunchZkLink, a layer 2 multi-chain blockchain network project based out of Singapore, has secured $10 million in funding in advance of its mainnet launch which is scheduled for Q3, 2023.Photo by Markus Winkler on UnsplashStrategic funding roundThe Singaporean project offers a blockchain infrastructure layer that enables the ability to trade digital assets across various disparate blockchain networks. Coinbase Ventures, the investment arm of US cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase, focuses its attention on early-stage cryptocurrency and blockchain projects.That’s precisely why it has now participated in a $10 million investment in the Singaporean start-up, given that the ZkLink network doesn’t launch on mainnet for a number of months yet. Other participants in the funding round included Ascensive Assets, SIG DTI, BigBrain Holdings, Efficient Frontier, among others.In posting news of the funding to social media, ZkLink confirmed that the fresh strategic funding round has brought total funding to date to $18.5 million. “The funds raised take zkLink a step further to envision a multi-chain future with unified liquidity and seamless multi-chain user experience while remaining fully trustless and self-custodial,” the project stated.Its previous $8.5 million funding round was completed in October 2021. Among the early investors on that occasion were Arrington Capital, DeFi Alliance, Huobi Ventures, Ascensive Assets, Morningstar Ventures, GSR, Marshland Capital, Skynet Trading, ZBS Capital, and others. New York-based blockchain financing and investment platform, Republic Crypto, was the lead investor at that time.Bridging assets securely acrossZkLink uses zero knowledge technology in order to connect various layer one and layer two networks. A zero knowledge proof is the core innovation that the approach relies upon, with the proof presenting as a cryptographic technique that ensures that no data is revealed during a transaction, save for the exchange of some known value already evident to both prover and verifier.That approach makes for efficient cross-chain bridging, guaranteeing strong security without external trust assumptions. By connecting various layer one and layer two networks, zkLink claims that it empowers the next generation of decentralized trading products.Developers can access ZkLink application programming interfaces (APIs) in order to create order book decentralized exchanges (DEXs), NFT marketplaces, among other use cases. The project is harnessing zero knowledge technology to abstract away all the complexity of multi-chain trading while keeping it ultra secure and true to the ethos of crypto.A multi-chain futureWith blockchain networks being highly fragmented, the concept of a multi-chain future is one that is being increasingly embraced within the crypto space. Various projects have been launched in an effort to effect such a scenario. However, the first generation of bridging solutions have proven to be weak from a security perspective. Zero knowledge technology is seen as a potential solution to this issue.Effecting a seamless multi-chain will also bring about greater efficiencies. As a case in point, currently USDT-Ethereum and USDT-Solana exist as separate assets on distinct blockchains representing the very same USDT stablecoin. With seamless bridging, there would be no need for the duplication.In recent days, the ZkLink project team has been busy working on safety features related to securing decentralized finance protocols. In a press release associated with that work, ZkLink Co-Founder Vince Lang stated: “It is unacceptable that billions of dollars are lost each year due to custody fraud or cross-chain bridge exploits, so we encourage other DeFi protocols to conduct the same test to prove self-custody of user’s funds.”

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.

UAE Emirate Launches Digital Asset Oasis Free ZoneRas Al Khaimah (RAK), one of the seven Emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has launched the RAK Digital Assets Oasis (RAK DAO), a free zone tailored exclusively for digital and virtual asset enterprises.Photo by Mostafa Ashraf Mostafa on UnsplashFrom conception to launchThe Emirate has been working on the RAK DAO project for some time, having enacted a law to establish the free zone in March of this year. In July it emerged that RAK Digital Assets Oasis had partnered with the HBAR Foundation, the project team behind the Hedera public ledger, with HBAR extending funding and resources to fuel the growth of free zone members.Having put in the hard yards to establish the free zone, RAK DAO, under the patronage of RAK Emirate ruler His Highness Sheikh Saud Bin Saqr Al Qasimi, had its launch event on Thursday. The event included a range of industry speakers including Ledger Chairman and CEO Pascal Gauthier, Animoca Brands Co-Founder and Executive Chairman Yat Siu, DFINITY Founder Dominic Williams, and TON Foundation President Steve Yun, among others.During the event, DAO creation and governance platform DeXe DAO Studio announced its partnership with RAK DAO.With an eye towards keeping the RAK Emirate ahead of the technological curve, RAK DAO aims for the digital assets oasis to become the world’s first free zone dedicated solely to digital and virtual asset companies. While RAK DAO is initially expected to focus on non-financial activities, it holds the potential to introduce financial activities at a later stage.Nurturing Web3 innovationThe mandate of RAK DAO is to provide robust support to companies engaged in cutting-edge technologies. This includes but is not limited to ventures in the metaverse, blockchain, utility tokens, virtual asset wallets, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), decentralized applications (DApps), and various other Web3-related businesses.Entrepreneurs who establish their presence within the confines of this free zone will be granted the privilege of retaining 100% ownership of their enterprises. Moreover, they will benefit from innovative tax schemes and a regulatory framework that is tailored to the unique demands of the digital asset industry.Progressive approach to Web3The UAE, as a nation, has actively pursued and courted crypto and blockchain firms by cultivating a progressive regulatory environment. Dubai led the charge by introducing a virtual assets law and establishing the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority.RAK is not the first Emirate to establish a free zone that caters to crypto and Web3 business within the UAE. The Emirate of Abu Dhabi has established the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) while the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) established its own financial regulator in Dubai, paving the way for attractive free zones for digital asset businesses. The Dubai Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) even took its commitment a step further by inaugurating its headquarters in The Sandbox in May 2022.Dubai has issued operational licenses to several crypto firms, including prominent names like Binance, Crypto.com, and Nomura’s Laser Digital and digital asset custodian Komainu. These licenses have further solidified the UAE’s position as a preferred destination for crypto, blockchain, and Web3 enterprises.