Korean Survey: High Hopes for New Tech, Less for Blockchain and Metaverse

Japan’s largest bank, MUFG, has teamed up with KlimaDAO Japan, the provider of a digital reserve currency backed by carbon credits, to explore the use of the JPYC stablecoin for settling tokenized carbon credit transactions on the Progmat blockchain platform. Settlement on ProgmatProgmat provides the infrastructure to enable the issuance of various stablecoins. Last September, MUFG announced a collaboration with Binance geared towards stablecoin issuance. The JPYC stablecoin, operational since 2021, functions as a prepaid money instrument, similar to a prepaid card, due to its existence before Japan’s stablecoin legislation. Under new regulations, JPYC can either obtain a money transmitter license or issue a trust-style stablecoin with a bank like MUFG acting as the trustee for the stablecoin's reserves. Last year, JPYC formed a partnership with MUFG implicating the use of the Progmat platform.  This partnership, along with the involvement of Kansai Electric subsidiary Optage as the integration partner, sets the stage for the KlimaDAO stablecoin experiments. Optage will provide the corporate infrastructure required to manage the carbon credits added to the blockchain and provide a means for funds settlement to be achieved via bank transfer. Through the use of various local stablecoins for the purpose of settlement, it’s hoped that improved liquidity on a global basis may be achieved.Photo by Dan Meyers on UnsplashInitially recognized for making tokenized carbon credits accessible on public blockchains, KlimaDAO's functionality extends beyond this. The organization also offers the capability to retire credits. Last year, KlimaDAO expanded its reach by launching Carbonmark, an enterprise-focused marketplace.  This platform, which utilizes blockchain technology, namely Polygon, and smart contracts, offers a user-friendly experience by integrating traditional payment methods like bank transfers and SAP integration.  J-CreditsJapan operates a national scheme known as J-credits, and the Tokyo Stock Exchange has introduced a secondary market for these credits. J-credits are designed to certify the amount by which greenhouse gas emissions have been reduced through the use of carbon sinks in Japan. However, the volume of J-credit transactions remains low, reflecting the broader state of Japan's voluntary carbon market.  KlimaDAO aims to address this by launching the KlimaDAO Japan Market, simplifying the process for domestic companies to purchase and utilize carbon credits. This initiative will involve tokenizing J-credits, referred to as D-Carbons.  Andrew Bonneau, KlimaDAO co-founder, outlined on X that “@KlimaDAO is in a unique position to facilitate an efficient J-Credit market on chain, while serving as the base infrastructure for integrating these assets with 3rd party services.” While the initial phase will use traditional bank payments, the ultimate goal is to transition to using stablecoins, particularly the JPYC stablecoin. Norbert Gehrke, an observer of developments within the Japanese fintech scene, outlined on Medium that the Japanese carbon credit market is likely to reach three trillion yen ($19.15 billion) by 2030. Meanwhile, the global carbon credit market has a current value of 39 trillion yen ($249 billion). KlimaDAO Japan has mentioned the use of a permissionless blockchain for this initiative but has fallen short of confirming that the Polygon network will be relied upon. Japan has several homegrown blockchains, which might be considered for this project.  At the time of writing, the KLIMA token had risen 31% over the course of the previous 24 hours, with a unit price of $3.53 according to CoinGecko. 

BIS Collaborates with Singapore’s MAS, Bringing CBDC Pilot to a CloseThe Bank for International Settlements (BIS) has recently signified the culmination of Project Mariana, a pilot initiative centered on exploring the cross-border trading and settlement of wholesale central bank digital currencies (CBDCs).Photo by Pixabay on PexelsUpdating financial market infrastructureThe bank of central banks published the findings of the project on Thursday. Conceived in partnership with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) alongside the central banks of France and Switzerland, the endeavor could have profound implications for the future landscape of financial market infrastructure.Project Mariana, conducted under the patronage of the BIS, harnessed principles gathered from the emerging world of DeFi to probe the viability of employing automated market makers (AMMs) for CBDC trading and settlement.The project involved three key facets:DeFi Ingenuity: Project Mariana took inspiration and cues from the DeFi universe, particularly AAMs, to streamline foreign exchange trading and settlement. This approach was designed to bolster market efficiency while curtailing settlement risks.Cross-Border CBDC Transactions: Hypothetical wholesale versions of the Swiss franc, euro, and Singapore dollar in CBDC form were tested for cross-border trading and settlement. The central banks of France, Singapore, and Switzerland orchestrated simulated transactions via AAMs to gauge feasibility.Interoperability and Token Standards: The project showcased the practical application of a standardized technical token format offered by a public blockchain, enabling seamless interoperability across various currencies. This interoperability element played a pivotal role in facilitating cross-border CBDC transactions.While the project represents a significant move forward for the BIS in its consideration of decentralized technology, the organization is still mindful that these decentralized tools are in their infancy and in need of further scrutiny and experimentation.With that, the BIS Innovation Hub has outlined its intent to further explore the prospective advantages and obstacles associated with DeFi-infused solutions within pertinent use cases going forward.Proof of conceptWhile the BIS and participating central banks were happy with the outcome of the project, the exercise was still a proof of concept and doesn’t mean there will be any immediate adoption of CBDCs by the participating nations.Rather, it spotlights the potentials of CBDCs and DeFi in streamlining financial transactions and enhancing efficiency. Central banks can oversee wholesale CBDCs without necessarily exerting control over the underlying infrastructure, thereby furnishing commercial banks with a potent tool for instantaneous FX trading and settlement while simultaneously mitigating credit and settlement risks.The project also shone a spotlight on certain challenges, including the logistical intricacies arising from the 24/7 availability of wholesale CBDCs. Nevertheless, the manifold advantages of instant foreign exchange trading and settlement appear to outweigh these hurdles.Central bankers are likely to want a different outcome from the use of this technology by comparison with those who are currently knee-deep in building out DeFi. One commentator on X had a cynical take on the project, stating: “Intermediaries attempting to justify their existence in an age with bitcoin.”Notwithstanding that, FX is the largest financial market in the world, where $7.5 trillion in value is traded every day. To utilize DeFi technology in that context would likely be profound, regardless of the nature of the application of the technology.

Metalpha Technology Holding Limited, based in Hong Kong, has strategically invested in NextGen Digital Venture Limited, aiming to enhance institutional participation in the digital asset space. This move is part of Metalpha's broader effort to bridge the gap between traditional finance (TradFi) and the crypto sphere.Photo by cottonbro studio on PexelsBuilding on Next Generation FundNews of the collaboration broke via a PR Newswire press release published by Metalpha on Monday. The deal builds upon a previous partnership struck by the two companies in April of last year, which resulted in the creation of Next Generation Fund I. This fund is specifically tailored to leverage Grayscale Investments LLC's suite of products, with Grayscale being one of the world’s largest crypto asset managers. Notably, the fund has demonstrated solid performance, surpassing bitcoin's annualized return by 35%. This success has instilled confidence in Metalpha, fostering optimism for the fund's future achievements. NextGen Digital is a Hong Kong-based investment company that aims to provide cryptocurrency and Web3 exposure to institutional clients in the conventional finance realm. Alongside its previous partnership with Metalpha, the firm has invested directly in Web3 startups such as iZumi Finance, a liquidity-as-a-service DeFi protocol. In announcing the Metalpha investment, NextGen founding partner Jason Huang said that the company “is committed to providing secure, compliant cryptocurrency investment opportunities and is always focused on achieving alpha returns.” The company is leveraging its Hong Kong Type 9 license, while aspiring to deliver secure and compliant cryptocurrency investment opportunities. Adrian Wang, president and director of Metalpha Technology Holding, expressed enthusiasm about the partnership, stating: "The launch of the NextGen fund marks the first step for both parties to jointly develop compliant products with generous returns. We look forward to establishing a more solid partnership in the future.” Wang had previously stated that clients of the Next Generation Fund were overseas Chinese institutions. “Some of them are family offices, some of them are public companies,” he stated. On-boarding TradFi investmentPositioned as a notable platform in Asia, NextGen aims to facilitate traditional finance's seamless entry into the realm of cryptocurrencies. This strategic investment by Metalpha underscores the evolving landscape where traditional financial institutions increasingly embrace the potential of digital assets. Metalpha, recognized as one of Asia's leading providers of crypto derivatives solutions, collaborates closely with traditional financial entities, including family offices and crypto mining firms. Holding both Type 4 and Type 9 licenses from the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) of Hong Kong, Metalpha is authorized to advise on securities and engage in real estate investment scheme management or securities and futures contracts management. In May of last year, Metalpha secured a $5 million investment from leading crypto mining equipment manufacturer, Bitmain. Metalpha counts hybrid crypto exchange GRVT among its portfolio of investments. In September it emerged that it had invested in ParaX, a Web3 super app developed by Parallel Finance. In February 2023, the Litecoin Foundation partnered with Metalpha in an effort to provide environmentally friendly mining techniques to the Litecoin ecosystem.