Korean Financial Watchdog Takes Action to Prevent Abnormal Foreign Currency Transfers

Hong Kong Gives HKVAX Green Light for Virtual Asset TradingHong Kong’s financial landscape continues to develop, with the latest installment coming from a Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) decision to grant in-principle approval to Hong Kong Virtual Asset Exchange (HKVAX) to operate a virtual asset trading platform within the bounds of the region’s securities laws.The development, announced via a press release published to HKVAX’s website on Friday, follows the recent introduction of crypto retail trading by exchanges HashKey and OSL in Hong Kong.Photo by Dids on PexelsLicensed to extend service offeringIn a notable move, the SFC has green-lit HKVAX’s entry into the virtual asset trading arena. The approval-in-principle, announced on Friday, empowers HKVAX to conduct regulated activities of both Type 1 and Type 7. A Type 1 license permits the operation of a digital asset trading platform specializing in securities. Meanwhile, the Type 7 classification endows the company with the official capacity to deliver automated trading services to both retail users and institutional investors.Upon obtaining the final green light, the platform envisions providing an array of services, including over-the-counter (OTC) brokerage enabling seamless fiat-to-digital asset trading, an institutional-grade exchange platform, and a secure custody solution fortified by insurance coverage.HKVAX is poised to introduce an up-and-coming product category, security token offerings (STOs), seeking to harness the burgeoning investment prospects of the Web3 ecosystem. STOs involve offering security tokens which represent traditional legal ownership of real-world assets.Upcoming collaborative fundingAnthony Ng, the Co-Founder and CEO of HKVAX, affirmed the exchange’s growth trajectory and outlined plans for expansion of its product suite in Hong Kong. Ng also emphasized forging collaborations with strategic investors to fuel the exchange’s upcoming funding rounds.HKVAX’s announcement is emblematic of Hong Kong’s embrace of crypto retail trading. Recent entrants HashKey and OSL have set the precedent by becoming the first exchanges to secure licenses for offering crypto trading services in the region as of August 3.It’s been a long process for HKVAX to arrive at this point. The firm first contacted the SFC in 2018 in relation to licensing. It started the application process in 2019. It’s also proving to be an incredibly costly exercise. It’s believed that crypto-related operating licenses are costing firms up to $20 million.The backdrop to these developments is Hong Kong regulators’ proactive stance on crypto regulation, catalyzed by the FTX exchange collapse in 2022. CEO Julia Leung Fung-yee of the SFC, in a speech on June 24, highlighted the integral role of crypto trading in the virtual asset ecosystem, underscoring the importance of safeguarding investors through the new licensing framework for virtual asset service providers.In a financial landscape undergoing transformation, Hong Kong’s regulatory moves are poised to shape the future trajectory of virtual asset trading and its integration within the broader securities landscape. As HKVAX gains its foothold and the crypto industry matures, the coming months are expected to see further refinements in this nascent yet rapidly evolving market.

In a move to enhance the oversight of cross-border wire transfers involving virtual assets, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), the central bank of the Philippines, is fortifying the implementation of regulations relative to crypto transfers.Photo by C Bueza on UnsplashTravel rule clarificationsLocal news outlet, the English language newspaper The Philippine Star reported that central bank memorandum 2023-042 provides clarifications on the travel rule for virtual asset service providers (VASPs). The travel rule requires financial institutions to pass on information to the next institution where a transaction takes place. The BSP aims to bring greater clarity to several aspects, including the applicability of the P50,000 transaction threshold and expectations regarding transactions involving jurisdictions without travel rules. Additionally, further interpretation is being provided concerning the extension of the Philippine travel rule to non-custodial VASPs and regulatory expectations surrounding transactions with unhosted wallets or crypto wallets controlled directly by their owners, rather than managed by third-party service providers. FATF compliance ambitionThis regulatory move is in response to the directives from the Paris-based Financial Action Task Force (FATF). In 2021 the Philippines came under greater scrutiny from the intergovernmental organization, when it was included on its "gray list," making it a candidate for increased monitoring. The FATF has called upon the Philippines to establish guidelines for the travel rule to prevent terrorists and criminals from exploiting virtual asset transfers for the unrestricted movement of their assets and to detect and prevent misuse effectively.BSP-supervised financial institutions (BSFIs) are now mandated to scrutinize specific details of virtual asset transfers, including the originator's name, account number used in the transaction, originator's physical address or national identity and the beneficiary's name and account number. International moves towards complianceThis latest move by the Philippine central bank is not unusual. In recent months, a plethora of similarly motivated central banks around the world have tightened up on crypto regulation as it relates to the FATF directives. Being on the FATF's "gray list" is bad for a country’s reputation. It has the potential to result in loss of investor confidence and lead to higher compliance costs and greater monitoring. Additionally, it may have an impact on trade relations and damage a country’s ability to access international finance.  Turkey has also found itself on the organization’s gray list. Working towards repairing that situation, Turkey is in the process of establishing a crypto regulatory framework that will be FATF compliant.In May, Pakistan went a step further in banning cryptocurrency. At the time, its Minister of State for Finance and Revenue, Aisha Ghaus Pasha, stated that the ban had been a requirement for Pakistan’s removal from the FATF gray list. A tightening of crypto regulations has also occurred in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and in Hong Kong more recently, as those territories work towards ensuring FATF compliance. The BSP emphasizes that transactions not surpassing the P50,000 threshold or its equivalent in foreign currency must include the names and account numbers of both the originator and beneficiary. Both originating and beneficiary VASPs are required to establish and adhere to robust sanction screening procedures, ensuring compliance with sanctions lists and preventing transactions involving sanctioned individuals, entities, or jurisdictions.

Crypto Features in India-UK Markets DialogueAccording to a press release published by HM Treasury, the 2nd India-UK Financial Markets Dialogue meeting held on Wednesday featured six key themes with crypto featuring among them.©Pexels/SkitterphotoThe event brought officials from both nations together in the first in-person financial dialogue since 2017. While the meeting considered banking, insurance and reinsurance, capital markets, asset management and sustainable finance, it also allotted time to discuss payments and crypto-assets.CBDC knowledge sharingBoth sets of officials discussed the scope for augmenting knowledge on Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) by way of mutual learning. The officials agreed on the importance of robust global approaches relative to the emergence and development of crypto-assets internationally. The joint statement issued following the meeting revealed that progress relative to the G20 roadmap for enhancing cross-border payments was a matter which was discussed. It’s an item that could have major implications for the use of cryptocurrency in cross border transactions.Global collaborationThe meeting marks another move towards greater global collaboration on policy and regulation relative to digital payment systems and crypto assets. Earlier this month, India’s Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said that the introduction of any new regulations on digital assets needs to be coordinated on a global basis. “The G20 and its members agree that it’s not going to be possible to have an independent, standalone country dealing with crypto assets”, Sitharaman stated at a news conference following a meeting of central bank governors and G20 finance ministers.There’s a growing recognition among politicians, government and central bank officials that decentralized money doesn’t end at a territory’s borders due to its inherently decentralized properties.Taking steps to regulate cryptoWhile on the one hand strategizing as to how digital assets can be best controlled on a global level, India is also taking its own individual steps towards national regulatory action. Recently, it expanded its Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) to include consideration of digital assets. The newly amended PMLA will now deal with the exchange of digital assets for fiat money and vice versa. It also considers safekeeping, transfer and administration relative to cryptocurrency. Furthermore, its broadened scope deals with financial services offered related to virtual or digital assets.Rajagopal Menon, the VP of India’s leading cryptocurrency exchange WazirX, has said that “regulations levied by India have been baby steps toward institutional participation in the crypto exchange.” While market participants in the digital assets space are apprehensive about the regulatory measures that governments and state regulators choose to adopt, so long as the objective isn’t to regulate the innovation out of existence, such developments can have a profoundly positive effect on the digital assets market.There’s no doubt that in line with Menon’s point relative to the Indian context, the same scenario can play out in all digital markets given the application of the right regulatory approach. Institutional investment for the most part has eluded crypto despite many already heralding its arrival in recent years. Institutions move slowly and the only way in which they will be comfortable in working with digital assets is with complete regulatory clarity having been set out.So while some in crypto may be concerned at the mention of global regulatory coordination in respect of digital assets, so long as it doesn’t go too far, greater work towards improved regulatory clarity in the digital assets market can be a catalyst for further adoption and growth in India, the UK and further afield.