Singapore’s Whampoa Plans Crypto-Friendly Bank in Bahrain

South Korea: Crypto Exchange Execs Indicted on Manipulation ChargesA number of executives at Coinone, one of South Korea’s leading cryptocurrency exchanges, have been indicted on charges related to market manipulation.That’s according to a report published by South Korean news outlet, The JoongAng, on Monday. The complaint details no less than forty-six coins that are alleged to have been the subject of manipulation in some form. That represents one in four of the total number of coins that the exchange has enabled for trading on the platform.Photo by Burak The Weekender on PexelsFour executives indictedThe indictment lists four Coinone executives, Mr. Jeon, Mr. Kim, Mr. Ko, and Mr. Hwang. The four have been charged with employing illegal mechanisms to manipulate coin listings, resulting in the four executives profiting to the tune of 2.98 billion Korean Won, which amounts to $2.26 million dollars according to current fx exchange rates.The complaint specifies that these offenses were committed between December 2019 and November 2022. South Korean prosecutors further allege that prior to various projects obtaining a token listing on Coinone, company executives made them sign third-party market-making contracts. That in and of itself is not unusual.One of the key aspects of a new coin listing (and an ongoing listing for that matter), is the need to have sufficient liquidity in place to ensure that the coin can be traded without being susceptible to market manipulation. Low liquidity conditions open the door to bad actors moving the market relative to a particular token.Cross tradingThe indictment is far more specific in calling out illegal cross trading activity. It’s likely that these key Coinone employees would have been expecting such an indictment to land at their doors. Last week, it emerged that LUNA tokens associated with Terraform Labs’ failed Terra USD (TUSD) algorithmic stablecoin project, had been illegally cross traded on three South Korean crypto exchanges: Bithumb, GoPax and Coinone.Cross trading is the practice of trading an asset on an exchange without recording the transaction transparently on the exchange. Strictly speaking, the activity can be legitimate although most exchanges prohibit the practice as it can be used to affect market manipulation.A cross trade could be permitted in a scenario where the price is deemed to be competitive at the time that the trade takes place. While this can more easily be determined in conventional markets as the practice is covered by specific regulation, that’s not the case in most jurisdictions right now where digital asset trading is concerned. By extension, there’s a complete lack of transparency and a lack of reporting.As other market participants don’t have visibility of this type of trading activity, they are unaware as to whether a better price is available on the market or not. In an unregulated state, the practice undermines trust.In the case of Coinone, the executives enabled the practice in order to provide an illusion with regard to trading activity. That meant that trading volumes claimed were inaccurate, misleading ordinary traders and exchange users. Along with trading volume in these coins being artificially boosted, so too were token prices.In the indictment, prosecutors explicitly alleged that cross trading was being employed in an illegal manner:“This price manipulation causes misunderstandings about the trading volume and market price among general members of the exchange, and induces [service users] to participate in the coin transaction and buy the coin.”

Turkish Lira emerges as dominant fiat trading pair on BinanceThe Turkish Lira (TRY) claimed the top spot as the most influential fiat trading pair on Binance throughout the month of September, as per the latest research from the leading cryptocurrency exchange.Photo by PublicDomainPictures on Pixabay75% of all fiat volumeAccording to a report by Cointelegraph on Friday, despite being the fourth-largest crypto market globally in terms of transaction volume, following the United States, India and the United Kingdom, the Turkish Lira commanded a staggering 75% of all fiat volume in early September. This surge in the TRY trading pair is attributed to a recent influx of crypto investors into the Turkish market.In its analysis last month, crypto market data provider Kaiko put Turkish Lira dominance at 81% on Binance. Kaiko also pointed to growth in the volume of the Brazilian Real on Binance, while dominance of the British Pound and the Euro were fading.It’s important to note that the disproportionate level of lira-based fiat volume on the Binance exchange may also have come about due to difficulties Binance has had in recent months in keeping various fiat on and off-ramps open. In June Binance US suspended USD deposits while pausing fiat withdrawals.It has also faced disruption when it comes to Euro payments, withdrawals and deposits. In May Binance Australia users experienced difficulties relative to AUD deposits and withdrawals following a decision to terminate the availability of PayID services to Australian account holders.27% new crypto sector participantsBinance’s research revealed that 27% of participants in Turkey initiated their crypto investment journey within the past year, with 8% joining in the last six months alone. Most respondents indicated holding up to $175 (5,000 TRY) in cryptocurrencies, expressing a strong inclination towards investing in real estate.The profitability factor emerged as a significant motivator for Turkey’s interest in crypto, with ease of monitoring, no minimum threshold, and low transaction costs standing out as key drivers for new investors. However, the inherent risks associated with crypto investments contribute to the hesitancy observed among many Turkish investors.The evolving landscape of crypto adoption in Turkey is evident in the statistics, showing a substantial increase from 16% to 40% over the last three years. Chainalysis’ Global Crypto Adoption Index 2023 ranks Turkey at 12th place. Moreover, the country received humanitarian aid in the form of cryptocurrency during the 2023 earthquake, underscoring the growing integration of digital assets in various aspects of Turkish society.Protecting long-term wealthA report by KuCoin earlier this year identified a marked increase in crypto investors in Turkey. It found that one of the main motivations for the pursuit of crypto investments in Turkey was the desire to create long-term wealth. Recent years have seen the Turkish sovereign currency suffer from runaway inflation. Recent data put the year-on-year inflation rate at 59%.It’s likely that the ongoing loss of buying power of the Turkish Lira is a key motivator for Turkish citizens in choosing to onboard into crypto, in an effort to safeguard their savings and wealth.

Gyeonggi Officials with Cryptocurrencies Clear of Professional Conflicts in Virtual AssetsGyeonggi Province, South Korea’s most populated province surrounding the national capital of Seoul, announced on October 26 (local time) that the duties of all crypto-holding officials ranked 4 or higher in the provincial government are not associated with virtual assets. In Korea, public officials are ranked from nine to one, with one being the highest position.In anticipation of the amended Public Service Ethics Act coming into effect on December 14, the Gyeonggi provincial government introduced a revised employee code of conduct in August. This required officials of rank 4 or higher to report their crypto holdings within 10 days starting from August 21.Photo by Nattu Adnan on UnsplashReported crypto ownershipThe result indicated that out of 228 officials, 23 reported owning virtual assets. Among these, 15 officials held cryptocurrencies valued at less than KRW 1 million ($738), while the remaining 8 had holdings exceeding that amount.To determine any potential involvement with cryptocurrencies in their official duties, the Gyeonggi government examined the roles and responsibilities of these officials within their respective departments. Following this review, the matter was forwarded to the Gyeonggi Public Service Ethics Committee for further scrutiny.Ethics committee reviewOn October 20, the committee convened to assess the relationship between the officials’ duties and their crypto holdings. They unanimously concluded that none of the 23 officials had any ties to crypto in their official roles.The newly revised code of conduct elaborates on the conditions under which a public official’s responsibilities are associated with virtual assets. Specifically, an official’s duties are considered linked to virtual assets if they are involved in formulating or implementing crypto-related policies or laws; conducting related investigations, inquiries, or inspections; engaging in the registration and oversight of cryptocurrency exchanges; or if they are involved in supporting or overseeing the development of crypto technologies.In light of these definitions, officials who engage in any of the above roles are strictly prohibited from capitalizing on any crypto-related information they encounter during their professional duties for personal trading or investment. Furthermore, officials who either currently shoulder or have previously carried out such responsibilities are required to disclose any crypto holdings they acquire.In the future, once the revised Ethics Act is implemented, the Gyeonggi government will remain fully committed to preventing conflicts of interest among public officials. To bolster these efforts, Gyeonggi will introduce additional measures, including a thorough verification process for the accuracy of their cryptocurrency holdings reports.In situations where a public official with cryptocurrency holdings is assigned a position related to virtual assets, Gyeonggi will issue individualized instructions. These directives may entail either the liquidation of their cryptocurrency holdings or their removal from the specific role in question.Meanwhile, Gyeonggi will enhance its endeavors to furnish educational resources pertaining to virtual asset reporting. Moreover, the local government will restrict officials from holding virtual assets if they fall under financial disclosure obligations and are deemed to possess information about or exert influence on virtual assets.