Top

Singaporean Researchers Devise More Effective DAO Voting

Web3 & Enterprise·May 15, 2023, 12:21 AM

Researchers at the Singapore University of Social Sciences have come up with a more efficient governance model for decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs).

Photo by Shubham Dhage on Unsplash

 

DAO governance review

The scientists presented their work via a paper titled “Voting Schemes in DAO Governance,” which was published earlier this week. The paper is due to appear in the Annual Review of Fintech in due course.

The research paper initially sets out with a review of the different forms of voting currently used to affect DAO governance in the various early stage projects that are already up and running. Having taken a deep dive into existing approaches, the research team of Qinxu Ding, Weibiao Xu, Zhiguo Wang and David Kuo Chuen Lee decided that they could go one better themselves.

Their review encompassed eight current approaches including the following: token-based quorum voting, knowledge-extractable voting, conviction voting and reputation-based voting. Each voting scheme was then evaluated based on the following factors:

Efficiency: An assessment of the speed at which proposals are selected and approved.Fairness: Each voter should have equal rights to vote.Scalability: The degree to which storage, computation and communication needs can be adjusted relative to the number of voters.Robustness: An assessment of the relative resistance of the voting scheme to attacks and collusion.Incentive Schemes: The extent to which DAO members are motivated to vote.

Following on from that analysis, the scientists put forward a hypothetical voting mechanism with design considerations relative to fully decentralized and permissionless DAO governance. When it came to ratings, the holographic consensus approach scored highest, with a “high” rating in the categories of efficiency, fairness and robustness, dropping down to medium when it came to scalability. None of the other approaches came close.

In trying to go one better, the team took the holographic consensus approach and set out to create their own hypothetical voting mechanism based on this model. As evidenced from the paper, they tried to effect improvements to this approach:

“We know that the downside of the conviction voting mechanism is that it takes time to approve an urgent proposal. To address this concern, we introduce a blind betting mechanism: each member could choose whether to bet on any proposals with a certain number of their tokens.”

The researcher’s hypothetical model allows stakeholders to gamble their tokens on the likelihood of a proposal passing or failing. The logic with this approach, they claim, is that it would speed up the governance process, while making it more robust at the same time.

In concluding remarks, the researchers acknowledged that all approaches were not without their pros and cons. They point out that the further development of DAOs shouldn’t be confined to a static organizational future. While they believe that their own hypothetical scheme is in theory superior, they acknowledge that it too has flaws. With that, the realities of implementing it in the real world may be a challenge.

More to Read
View All
Web3 & Enterprise·

Nov 16, 2023

Full operating license approval for Hex Trust in Dubai

Full operating license approval for Hex Trust in DubaiIn yet another instance of progress for the cryptocurrency sector, Hex Trust MENA FZE, the Dubai-incorporated subsidiary of Hong Kong-headquartered institutional-grade crypto custodian Hex Trust, has successfully secured an operating license from the Dubai regulator, the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA).Photo by Mohammed Nasim on UnsplashExtending regional presenceThis regulatory milestone, acknowledged by the firm in a statement it made public on Wednesday, not only solidifies Hex Trust’s presence in the Middle East but also marks a strategic move to extend its crypto custodial services to institutional clients and sophisticated investors in Dubai. While based in Hong Kong, Hex Trust has offices in Dubai, Singapore, Vietnam and Italy.This full operating license signifies the successful conclusion of the approval process within VARA’s regulatory framework for crypto service providers, which came into effect earlier this year. Initially granted a minimum viable product (MVP) operational license in February, Hex Trust’s latest achievement grants it the official authorization to continue its operations in the region, marking a pivotal moment in the company’s expansion strategy.With an increased footprint in Dubai, Hex Trust is now poised to deliver comprehensive crypto custodial services to both institutional clients and sophisticated investors. This strategic move is in line with the company’s aspiration to meet the escalating demand for secure and regulated digital asset storage solutions in the Middle East.Filippo Buzzi, Hex Trust’s MENA regional director, underscored the company’s dedication to expanding its reach in the Middle East, stating:“Hex Trust is fully committed to expanding into the Middle East and sees enormous potential for digital asset growth given the progressive regulations, welcoming governments, and thriving crypto ecosystem in the region.”This statement not only highlights the favorable regulatory environment but also emphasizes the increasing interest in cryptocurrencies within the Middle Eastern market.$88 million funding roundHex Trust’s recent success in Dubai comes on the heels of its $88 million Series B funding round last year, showcasing the company’s proactive approach to securing regulatory approvals on a global scale.In August, the firm received regulatory clearance in France, enabling it to offer a spectrum of services, including digital asset custody, purchasing, selling and trading. These regulatory triumphs position Hex Trust as a reputable and compliant entity in the competitive crypto custodial space.Series of approvalsWhile Hex Trust has demonstrated its adept navigation through regulatory processes in Dubai, it’s one of many companies to obtain licensing in the emirate in recent weeks.It emerged yesterday that CRO DAX Middle East, the Dubai-registered subsidiary company of Singapore-headquartered Crypto.com, received a trading license from VARA.Last week, Korean Web3 company CarrieVerse clarified that it had joined the Dubai Multi Commodities Center (DMCC) as a metaverse service provider. The DMCC is a United Arab Emirates (UAE) government agency which has developed into a hub for investors and Web3 startups. CarrieVerse and the DMCC have not as yet revealed details regarding the roadmap for the partnership.At the start of this month, VARA awarded Singapore’s WadzPay, a business-to-business (B2B) technology firm that focuses on enabling digital asset-based transaction processing and settlement, a license to trade within the emirate. Meanwhile, on Nov. 1, it emerged that crypto wallet project Backpack had received a license from the Dubai regulator.

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Jun 02, 2023

First Digital to Introduce USD-Backed USD Stablecoin

First Digital to Introduce USD-Backed USD StablecoinFirst Digital Trust, a Hong Kong-based qualified custodian and trust company, is set to introduce a new stablecoin called “First Digital USD,” with the short-code $FDUSD. This stablecoin will be pegged to the US dollar but regulated within Asia.Photo by Alexander Grey on UnsplashIntroducing $FDUSDAccording to First Digital, $FDUSD will be backed by one US dollar or an asset of equivalent fair value on a one-to-one basis. The reserves supporting FDUSD will be held in segregated accounts at institutions in Asia.$FDUSD aims to provide stability and will be programmable, enabling the execution of financial contracts, escrow services, and insurance without the need for intermediaries. In a statement published on Thursday, First Digital emphasized its commitment to full compliance with current and future laws and regulations. The company also expressed its intention to participate in shaping the regulatory landscape for $FDUSD and First Digital itself.The announcement of $FDUSD is particularly significant in light of the new “Guidelines for Virtual Asset Trading Platform Operators” set to take effect in Hong Kong on June 1. These guidelines outline rules for safe asset custody, client asset segregation, conflict of interest avoidance, and cybersecurity standards, as mandated by Hong Kong’s Securities and Futures Commission (SFC).Hosted on BNB Smart ChainFDUSD will operate on the BNB Smart Chain and will be issued by First Digital Labs, a subsidiary of First Digital Trust, a regulated digital asset custodian under the Hong Kong Trustee Ordinance. The law ensures that $FDUSD will be fully backed by US dollar reserves or highly liquid, high-quality assets held in regulated Asian financial institutions, with no commingling with other assets of First Digital.Vincent Chok, CEO of First Digital, emphasized the company’s commitment to regulatory compliance and setting a new standard for legitimacy in the industry. First Digital intends to comply with all applicable laws and regulations and actively contribute to the shaping of regulatory regimes for $FDUSD and First Digital in the future.The $FDUSD stablecoin will be redeemable for US dollars, providing users with a reliable bridge between the digital and fiat currencies.Biden administration's own goalAs regulatory uncertainty persists in the United States, some industry players are expressing concerns about losing the country’s leadership position in the crypto sector. They warn that the industry may be offshore to more favorable jurisdictions.News of First Digital Trust’s US dollar stablecoin intentions brought scathing criticism of US policy from US commentators within the crypto space. Austin Campbell, Managing Partner at Zero Knowledge Consulting, a firm that advises on crypto payments and stablecoins, stated that the US government and US regulators had created a paradigm where they now have less control over distribution and regulation while the product they were suppressing continues to exist and scales elsewhere.Nic Carter, Partner at venture capital firm Castle Island Ventures, wrote that “the wise sages in US government took one look at the onshore registered stablecoin market and decided they’d much prefer unaccountable offshore crypto-eurodollars.”Macro-economist Luke Gromen described this consequence of US policy as the “monetary equivalent of deciding they would prefer making their goods in China rather than paying US workers and deal with union labor.” Meanwhile, Caitlin Long, Founder and CEO of digital asset-focused Custodia Bank, suggested that US federal regulators “thought they could kill USD stablecoins” but that “they miscalculated.”

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Jul 05, 2023

3AC Founders Vow to Donate Future Earnings

3AC Founders Vow to Donate Future EarningsThe co-founders of the Singapore-headquartered bankrupt crypto hedge fund Three Arrows Capital (3AC) have publicly committed to donating their “future earnings” to creditors who suffered losses during the fund’s dramatic collapse.Kyle Davies and Su Zhu made this groundbreaking announcement during a candid Twitter Spaces session hosted by Mario Nafwal, aiming to establish a “shadow recovery process” parallel to the ongoing liquidation proceedings.Photo by Josh Appel on UnsplashBelieving in karmaDavies explained that their intended donations would be separate from the formal recovery process, designed to supplement any reimbursements that creditors might receive through the liquidation proceedings. While acknowledging that some early creditors have already been made whole, he emphasized the founders’ unwavering belief in the concept of “karma.”They see their act of giving back as a way to balance the scales and provide an avenue for creditors to potentially recover their losses.Creditor skepticismHowever, these noble intentions expressed by Davies and Zhu have been met with skepticism from the crypto community and the very creditors they seek to assist. Teneo, the liquidator overseeing the 3AC liquidation, responded to Davies’ comments by expressing disappointment in the founders’ lack of cooperation during the ongoing process. They stressed that the founders should prioritize engaging in the court-ordered activities rather than making promises about future earnings from a new venture.Acknowledging concerns about optics, Davies addressed questions surrounding the launch of their new crypto exchange, Open Exchange (OPNX), while their previous company undergoes liquidation. He stressed the inherent connection between OPNX and the creditors, suggesting that the success of their new entrepreneurial endeavor would ultimately benefit those affected by the collapse of Three Arrows Capital.OPNX success requiredOPNX, the newly launched Dubai-based trading platform, is specifically designed to facilitate the trading of bankruptcy claims. Since its announcement in February, the platform has garnered significant attention, boasting an impressive user base of 20 million individuals holding a collective $20 billion in claims. It is worth noting that the collapse of Three Arrows Capital resulted in the loss of $2.5 billion in customer deposits, making the success of OPNX crucial for creditors seeking redress.Davies also revealed that OPNX currently records approximately $50 million in daily trading volume, showcasing promising early traction for the platform. However, the exact mechanics of the “shadow recovery process” were left unspecified.While OPNX currently only facilitates the trading of claims from lender Celsius, the platform has ambitious plans to include claims from other high-profile bankruptcies in the near future. The list of potential additions encompasses notable entities such as FTX, Genesis, BlockFi, Voyager, Hodlnaut, Mt. Gox, Vauld, Zipmex, and even Three Arrows Capital itself.When taken at face value, the founders’ pledge to donate future earnings to creditors takes on the appearance of a significant and commendable gesture. However, doubts persist within the crypto community due to the founders’ prior actions and the ongoing liquidation process. Only time will reveal the true impact of this “shadow recovery process” and whether it will genuinely alleviate the losses suffered by creditors in the wake of Three Arrows Capital’s collapse.

news
Loading