Bhutan Partners With Bitdeer on Crypto Mining Fund

Hong Kong’s insurance regulator is drafting rules that would bring insurers’ cryptocurrency exposure under a risk-based capital framework. According to Bloomberg, the Insurance Authority of Hong Kong is preparing a risk-based capital framework that would impose a 100% risk charge on insurers’ crypto holdings. The proposal distinguishes among crypto exposures, assigning stablecoin investments risk charges based on the fiat currency backing the Hong Kong-regulated token rather than applying a uniform treatment. The regulator is also considering capital incentives to channel insurers’ investment into infrastructure projects supporting Hong Kong or mainland China, including those listed or issued within the city. The Insurance Authority said the regime is designed to bolster the industry while promoting broader economic development. A public consultation on the rules is scheduled to run from February to April, ahead of any legislative submission.Photo by Vlad Deep on UnsplashStablecoin licensing focuses on robust reservesSeparately, the Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau is advancing other regulatory initiatives in the digital asset space. Secretary Christopher Hui indicated that the first batch of stablecoin licenses is expected to be issued early next year. According to the Hong Kong Economic Times, Hui noted that the government had received 36 stablecoin license applications by the end of September, following the implementation of the Stablecoins Ordinance in August. Regulators are prioritizing applicants that demonstrate strong reserve management, price stability, and robust anti–money laundering (AML) controls. Hui added that the government is currently collaborating with the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) to finalize licensing rules for virtual asset trading platforms and custodial service providers, with proposals expected to reach the Legislative Council next year. StanChart and Ant’s tokenized depositsWhile regulators refine the rulebook, the traditional banking sector is moving forward with the technology underpinning the digital pivot. Standard Chartered has collaborated with Ant International to launch a tokenized deposit solution on Whale, Ant’s blockchain-powered treasury management platform. As reported by Tech in Asia, the solution enables real-time transfers in Hong Kong dollars, offshore yuan, and U.S. dollars. This initiative falls under the umbrella of Project Ensemble, a program launched by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority in March 2024 to shape the city’s tokenization ecosystem. Market headwindsThese developments follow the crypto sector’s entry into Hong Kong’s equity market. According to Bloomberg, HashKey Holdings, a licensed exchange operator, listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on Dec. 17, raising HK$1.6 billion ($206 million). While shares initially debuted above the offer price, they had fallen approximately 15% to HK$5.69 by Dec. 22. The lackluster performance coincides with a broader pullback in the crypto market. Bitcoin is currently trading below $89,000, roughly 30% off its October peak. Institutional caution is also evident in global flows. According to CoinShares, crypto investment products recorded $952 million in net outflows for the week ending Dec. 20. Ethereum and Bitcoin products led the exit with outflows of $555 million and $460 million, respectively. Conversely, altcoins XRP and Solana bucked the trend, seeing inflows of $62.9 million and $48.5 million. James Butterfill, head of research at CoinShares, attributed the negative sentiment to delays regarding the CLARITY Act, a U.S. bill designed to clarify digital asset regulation, and continued selling by whale investors. 

Having made significant strides in undertaking testing of the digital yuan in recent times, Hong Kong is expanding its e-CNY pilot testing while at the same time crafting its own central bank digital currency (CBDC), dubbed the e-HKD.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashIntegrating e-CNY with FPSDuring a recent budget speech Hong Kong’s Financial Secretary Paul Chan unveiled plans to empower Hong Kong residents to bolster their digital yuan wallets through the local “Faster Payment System” (FPS), marking another move forward in bolstering cross-border payment efficiency.FPS is a real-time payment settlement system which enables the user to complete payments across banks through the use of recipient mobile phone numbers and email addresses. The move dovetails with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's (HKMA) successful completion of the inaugural phase of its e-HKD pilot, propelling it into the second phase. The e-HKD pilot is focusing on retail applications such as programmable payments, offline transactions and tokenized deposits. At the same time as the e-CNY garners momentum, the HKMA is progressing the e-HKD in terms of unlocking the full potential of CBDCs in everyday financial transactions. This consists of the exploration of retail applications in the initial phase, coupled with the transition towards more intricate functionalities in the subsequent phase, underscoring Hong Kong's intent towards driving ever greater CBDC innovation within the Chinese autonomous territory. Streamlining transactionsThe integration of the e-CNY with Hong Kong's FPS promises to streamline transactions and elevate the fluidity of cross-border payments between Hong Kong and mainland China. This initiative follows on from an announcement back in September of last year to expand the e-CNY pilot program in Hong Kong. Financial Secretary Paul Chan aims to forge a bridge between mainland China and international markets, potentially setting a global precedent for CBDC interoperability and utilization. Furthermore, Hong Kong's issuance of the world's premier multi-currency tokenized bond, followed by a subsequent batch of tokenized green bonds, signifies the city's leadership in fusing digital finance with sustainable investment strategies, drawing significant interest from global institutional investors. mBridge initiativeThe collaborative efforts of the HKMA with the Bank for International Settlements and other central banks on the mBridge CBDC project further demonstrate Hong Kong's proactive stance in shaping the trajectory of international finance. Last month, authorities in China outlined yet another initiative that is designed to bring about cross-border use of the e-CNY with Hong Kong. The mBridge initiative, a multi-CBDC platform to support cross-border payments is being harnessed to bring about greater trade using digital currency across various jurisdictions. The project involves the central banks of China, Hong Kong, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Thailand. This concerted endeavor, coupled with Hong Kong’s array of digital currency ventures, positions the city at the forefront of CBDC innovation. All of this development comes as China has established new milestones recently, with the completion of an international oil deal using the digital yuan together with similar deals involving gold and iron ore. 

Upbit D Conference participants share insights on Web3 and blockchainBlockchain specialists from 29 countries gathered on Monday (local time) at Upbit D Conference (UDC) 2023 in Seoul to explore capital markets in the forthcoming Web3 era. This era is characterized by user-controlled, communal data management, a notable shift from the Web2 space where major tech corporations held dominant control over data.Organized by Dunamu, the operator of South Korea’s Upbit cryptocurrency exchange, the conference featured 39 experts, focusing on the transformative potential of blockchain technology in this new internet phase.Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashAsset tokenization and investment opportunitiesAccording to a report by the Asia Business Daily, one of the key speakers at the conference, Wally Yu, a Solutions Architect at San Francisco-based Chainlink Labs, delved into how cross-chain solutions and asset tokenization could add to the financial industry. He explained that Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP), designed to connect various blockchains, is only beginning to reveal its capabilities in integrating with traditional financial markets. Yu pointed out the growing interest from banks in tokenizing their conventional assets and transferring them to the blockchain. This move, he suggested, could lead to increased liquidity and open up new investment opportunities.Yu also compared the current DeFi market to traditional sectors like stock, real estate, and derivatives, noting DeFi’s relatively smaller scale. However, he underlined blockchain’s transparency as a key advantage over traditional markets, where transparency is often lacking. According to Yu, the adoption of blockchain by traditional financial firms could address longstanding issues more effectively.Looking ahead to the Web3 era, Yu envisioned a scenario where different tokens are interconnected, potentially bringing an estimated $900 trillion worth of assets onto the blockchain. This, he believes, would significantly enhance liquidity in the financial markets.From Web2 to Web3During the conference, Korean mobile network provider SK Telecom’s (SKT) Vice President, Oh Se-hyun, outlined the company’s forward-looking strategy to transition its 30 million subscribers from Web2 to Web3. She highlighted SKT’s search for high-value markets to expand its business scope, underscoring the company’s active efforts in constructing Web3 infrastructure. This strategic pivot aligns with their vision for the upcoming Web3 era.SKT, which established its Web3 division in 2017, initially engaged in developing a private mainnet. However, the company has since shifted its focus towards services aimed at boosting customer engagement, such as custody, web and app services. Oh emphasized the need for Web3 wallets to support a diverse range of assets and decentralized applications (dApps), but she stressed that ease of use is paramount. She views that these wallets will serve as gateways for customers entering the blockchain space.SKT has developed and is improving its own Web3 wallet, dubbed Wallet T. Oh shared her belief that the future of financial business models will pivot from traditional and big-tech banks to those based on public chains. In preparation for this shift, SKT is contemplating strategies to embrace blockchain-based Web3 services.Crypto regulationThe conference also touched on the potential integration of virtual assets within regulatory frameworks. There’s growing anticipation in the market for the approval of spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, especially following the inclusion of asset manager BlackRock’s proposed spot bitcoin ETF in the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation’s (DTCC) clearing-house eligibility file.Emily Parker, Executive Director at CoinDesk, mentioned that a spot bitcoin ETF is on the horizon in the U.S. She anticipated that such a development would not only boost cryptocurrency prices but also positively impact the market for non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Echoing this sentiment, Oh Se-hyun from SKT predicted that the approval of a spot bitcoin ETF could unlock access to a $30 trillion market.SKT’s Oh also addressed the complexities surrounding the regulatory landscape for cryptocurrencies. She acknowledged the challenge facing authorities in developing these regulations all at once, highlighting the gradual progress in this area. She cited the outcome of Ripple’s lawsuit in the U.S., which resulted in Ripple’s XRP tokens being classified differently for different investors: as a security for institutional investors but not for retail investors. Additionally, Oh pointed to the upcoming Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) in the European Union, slated for implementation in December 2024. She emphasized that the establishment of such regulatory guidelines brings clarity and reduces uncertainty, which can be reassuring for businesses operating in the crypto space.Providing further insights into this matter, Kim Gap-rae, a senior researcher at the Korea Capital Market Institute (KCMI), spoke about the importance of regulatory clarity in the cryptocurrency sector. He pointed out that it’s more crucial for governments to have clear regulations rather than focusing on the extent of regulation. Understanding new regulatory or legislative trends is essential for governments as they look to develop new infrastructures.According to Kim, a potential spot bitcoin ETF approval in the U.S. could prompt South Korea to consider a similar approval. However, he noted that Korea currently lacks a regulatory framework for Bitcoin custody, which could lead to a competitive environment among crypto companies in the country. Kim believes that a deeper understanding of custodian regulations will enable better adaptation to new types of ETFs and foster their growth in Korea.