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Singapore’s DBS Bank, the largest bank in Southeast Asia with assets totaling $739 billion, has launched a pilot project that utilizes blockchain technology for the purpose of distributing government grants. According to a report from Fintech News Singapore, the bank has partnered with Enterprise Singapore (EnterpriseSG) and the Singapore Fintech Association (SFA) to establish the pilot program. The objective is to realize greater efficiency, governance and user experience where programmable grant disbursements are concerned, as a direct consequence of bringing blockchain technology into the equation. Purpose-bound money The pilot program relies on the use of a protocol known as purpose-bound money (PBM). A whitepaper relative to PBM was first published in 2023 by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). In developing the protocol, MAS had collaborated with DBS, alongside Amazon, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Bank of Korea, Banca d’Italia and JPMorgan-owned blockchain platform Onyx. PBM enables the sender of funds to specify certain conditions relative to funds released. This may include such items as validity periods or a set of controls on how funds can be spent by the recipient. Such conditions can be programmed in through the use of smart contracts. Baking specific parameters in from the outset in turn empowers the distributor to automate disbursements to beneficiaries. With disbursements automated, the process realizes efficiency gains. Manual oversight can be cut out of the process entirely.  DBS noted a previous program established during the Singapore Fintech Festival in 2023. It involved 27 local fintech firms. Prominent among them were Advance Intelligence, Experian Singapore, Intersystems, Dobin and Aspire. DBS Bank effected such payments over its permissioned blockchain, ensuring that specified recipients received the grants only when specific parameters had been met. SFA President Shadab Taiyabi commented on the pilot project, stating:“The solution is designed to streamline business grant disbursements that enables local companies to receive payouts more quickly and efficiently, providing them with additional capital to expand their key business areas.” Taiyabi added that the SFA will continue to support collaborations between the public and private sectors relative to programmable grant disbursements as Singapore works towards its Smart Nation objectives.Photo by Mike Enerio on UnsplashEfficiency gains Han Kwee Juan, DBS Bank’s country head, emphasized the efficiency gains, stating: “Smart contract technology automates and streamlines grant disbursements for government agencies to enable faster, more secure disbursements and payments.” While DBS has progressed this project as a consequence of its collaboration with MAS on PBM, the bank has also been working with the Singaporean regulator on Project Orchid, a project which aims to progress technology and competencies relative to the development of a digital Singaporean dollar. Similarly, it has participated in Project Guardian, an asset tokenization initiative between policymakers and the financial industry. Earlier this month, DBS entered into a collaboration with Ant International, the international division of the Ant Group which in turn is an affiliate of Chinese e-commerce behemoth, Alibaba, with the aim of providing treasury tokens to improve treasury and liquidity management. 

Laos Halts Crypto Miners’ Electricity Amid Drought and DebtsLaos, a leading producer and exporter of hydroelectricity, has made the decision to suspend electricity supply to cryptocurrency mining operations within its borders.Photo by Ioana Farcas on UnsplashTackling a perfect stormThe decision comes as a result of a perfect storm of challenges, including a struggle to meet escalating power demands due to drought conditions, impending commitments to export electricity to Thailand, and the mounting debts of cryptocurrency mining companies.In a calculated move in 2021, Laos initiated a public-private pilot program aimed at delving into cryptocurrency mining and trading. The context for this move was China’s sweeping crackdown on mining activities, compelling miners to scout for alternative jurisdictions for their operations.In response, Laos granted authorization to a handful of entities, spanning construction conglomerates and a bank, to partake in the mining and trading of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin. This led to a commitment to regulatory collaboration between government ministries, the Bank of Laos, and Electricité du Laos (EDL).Exploiting hydropowerLaos’ abundant and affordable electricity has placed it on the short list of locations for crypto miners to settle in. With an abundance of rivers and waterfalls, hydropower stands as one of the nation’s primary energy sources, offering a renewable source of cost-effective electricity.However, events in 2023 have disrupted that narrative. A persistent drought has hit the country during the first half of the year, which triggered an unprecedented surge in the demand for electricity from sources other than hydro.The dependence on hydropower, constituting 95% of the nation’s energy generation, struggled to keep pace with the demand. As a direct consequence, EDL, a state-owned electricity distributor, announced the cessation of electricity supply to crypto mining operations.The problem has compounded as Laos finds itself committed to exporting substantial quantities of electricity to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGET), serving as a lifeline for Thailand’s power grid during the forthcoming dry season. This external commitment has, in turn, further strained the local capacity for electricity supply.Another Asian country, Bhutan, has also gotten involved with crypto mining in an effort to exploit its hydropower resources, where 99% of electricity supply comes from hydropower within the kingdom.Unpaid billsAnother dimension to the saga is the growing debt crisis faced by cryptocurrency mining operations. A representative of EDL cited the inability of these mining businesses to settle their accumulating electricity bills as a key factor in the decision for suspension. The Bank of Laos has further escalated matters by deciding to halt loans to cryptocurrency companies in January.Laos has had bold objectives to transform itself into Southeast Asia’s premier exporter of clean electricity. The nation’s topography, featuring mountainous terrain covering 70% of the country, has immense potential for hydropower, with over 26,000 megawatts of installed capacity and ambitious plans to double this figure.Hydroelectric dams like Nam Theun 2 have become conduits for substantial volumes of low-cost electricity, primarily directed towards neighboring Thailand and Vietnam. Meanwhile, projects like the Luang Prabang dam, boasting an installed capacity of 1,460 megawatts, underscore the country’s ambitions to develop hydropower further.Revenues from power exports have become a vital component in Laos’ gross domestic product (GDP), contributing almost 15%, as per a report from October 2022.

HTX and Heco Chain exploited with $115 million lossSeychelles-incorporated cryptocurrency exchange HTX, linked to digital-asset entrepreneur Justin Sun, has fallen victim to a significant hack, only a few months after having suffered another hack in September.Photo by Markus Spiske on UnsplashSecond HTX hack in recent monthsThe last hack, involving a loss of digital assets to the value of $8 million, was resolved when the hacker agreed to return funds in October in return for a goodwill payment of around $400,000.This latest unfortunate incident follows another hack on Poloniex, also associated with Sun, just weeks ago. Sun acknowledged the HTX hack in a tweet, announcing the temporary suspension of deposits and withdrawals without specifying the exact amount pilfered.Separate Heco Chain hackIt is understood that approximately $30 million worth of cryptocurrencies was siphoned from the exchange wallet. The platform is actively investigating the breach, aiming to uncover the specifics surrounding the attack. Simultaneously, the HECO Bridge, which was established by HTX for cost-effective fund transfers across different blockchains, experienced a separate hack.This breach resulted in losses exceeding $85 million, including ETH, US dollar stablecoin Tether (USDT) and various other tokens. Although initially launched by HTX, HECO operates independently from the HTX exchange.Crypto community concernThese security breaches cast a shadow over Sun’s crypto ventures, especially considering the recent hack on Poloniex, which saw losses surpassing $100 million in various cryptocurrencies. A spokesperson for crypto security firm Hacken told Cointelegraph that these hacks could be the work of an insider.“We can see that all these attacks have the same target: Justin Sun’s projects,” the spokesperson stated. These related incidents are the cause of significant speculation within the crypto space, with some concern expressed about the financial health of HTX, given that the firm is currently offering unsustainable interest rates of up to 100% APY on a selection of digital assets.In response to the HTX hack, Justin Sun assured the community in a post on X (formerly Twitter) that HTX would fully compensate for the losses incurred in its hot wallet. The exchange has temporarily halted deposits and withdrawals as the investigation unfolds. Sun emphasized the commitment to resume services once the investigation concludes and the cause of the breach is identified.These incidents raise questions about the security infrastructure of platforms associated with Justin Sun. The crypto community awaits further details on the investigation’s outcomes and preventive measures that will be implemented to fortify these exchanges against future attacks.Such recent security breaches have not just affected Justin Sun-related enterprises. Earlier this month, decentralized exchange (DEX) KyberSwap was exploited to the tune of $46.5 million. Earlier this week, Kronos Research — a Taipei-based crypto trading, market making and venture capital platform — experienced a $25.6 million loss. The past twenty days have seen five major hacks resulting in an aggregate loss of a staggering $290 million.As the crypto industry grapples with increasing security challenges, the importance of robust protective measures cannot be overstated. These developments underscore the need for a cautious and diligent approach in safeguarding digital assets within the rapidly evolving cryptocurrency landscape.