Hong Kong Bank to Act as Settlement Bank for Crypto Firms

South Korea is tightening its grip on the cryptocurrency sector, with courts handing down the first prison sentence under an investor protection law enacted last year. The ruling comes just as financial authorities signal a comprehensive overhaul of digital asset governance, ranging from ownership caps to the tokenization of real-world assets. The Seoul Southern District Court sentenced the head of a crypto management firm to three years in prison for manipulating virtual asset prices and amassing roughly 7 billion won in illegal profits, according to Yonhap News Agency. The court also imposed a fine of 500 million won ($340,000) and ordered the forfeiture of approximately 846 million won ($580,000). Photo by Daniel Bernard on UnsplashFirst sentence under 2024 protection lawThis marks the first conviction under the new investor protection law, which took effect in July 2024. It was also the first case fast-tracked directly from the Financial Supervisory Service (FSC) to prosecutors under the new legal framework. The conviction coincides with a broader regulatory debate involving Financial Services Commission (FSC) Chairman Lee Eog-weon. According to MoneyToday, in testimony before the National Assembly’s National Policy Committee on Feb. 5, Lee outlined an agenda covering anti-money laundering (AML) enforcement, stablecoin regulation, and digital innovation. However, he cautioned lawmakers against enacting blunt, one-size-fits-all rules that could stifle competition. Ownership cap rules trigger debateLee pushed back against a proposal to cap major shareholder stakes at 15%, pointing out that the exchange market is already a monopoly where smaller players hold less than 3% combined. He warned lawmakers that forcing firms with negligible market share to dilute ownership would effectively choke off investment. He argued that such restrictions would stifle innovation, advocating instead for a tiered regulatory approach that accounts for new entrants starting with no market share. Lee also addressed a separate policy direction that would recognize bank-led consortia—in which banks hold more than 50% plus one share—as eligible stablecoin issuers. He said the approach was not intended to favor any particular corner of the financial industry. On the enforcement side, the commission announced plans to strengthen its response to cross-border crime and money laundering involving digital assets, as reported by Digital Asset. A key measure under consideration is the expansion of the travel rule, which requires exchanges to share sender and recipient information for transactions. The rule currently applies to transfers of 1 million won ($680) or more, and regulators want to extend it to smaller transactions as well. The commission also pledged to support AI-driven transformation across the financial sector and to build a comprehensive regulatory framework for digital assets. STOs near legalizationIn a related development, South Korea has cleared a major legislative hurdle for the tokenization of real-world assets (RWAs). Amendments to the Capital Markets Act and the Electronic Securities Act passed the National Assembly last month, roughly three years after financial authorities first issued guidelines on security token offerings (STOs), according to another Digital Asset report. The legislation allows securities to be digitized on blockchain-based distributed ledgers and creates a new class of issuer account management institutions, enabling qualified companies to issue and manage security tokens directly. The bill now requires only Cabinet approval and official promulgation before it takes effect.

Korea’s FSS Seeks to Protect Investors from Crypto Exploit LossesLee Bokhyun, Governor of the Korean Financial Supervisory Service, said the agency will seek to protect investors from losses resulting from cryptocurrency exchange exploits, according to Korean newspaper Donga Ilbo.©Pexels/RODNAE ProductionsEfforts to enact legislationWhile delivering a congratulatory speech at a forum co-hosted by Donga Ilbo and its subsidiary broadcasting company Channel A on Wednesday, Lee underlined that the agency will be committed to enacting legislation that obligates crypto exchanges to be held accountable for customer asset losses caused by hacks.He explained that amidst a continued crypto winter triggered by multiple failures, such as the collapse of the stablecoin Terra last year, cases of security vulnerabilities are subsequently occurring.Cold wallet requirementsIn response to this situation, financial authorities and the National Assembly are collaborating on legislation that would require crypto exchanges to store a portion of their custody assets in cold wallets, which are disconnected from the Internet, or face liability for damages resulting from hacks.A February report from blockchain data platform Chainalysis showed that losses to crypto hacks last year amounted to $3.8 billion. Earlier this month, Korean crypto exchange GDAC suffered an exploit of 20 billion KRW (~$15 million).Lee said the agency will work with the financial industry to bolster the fraud detection system and build an immediate response system that prevents uncanny transactions when abnormalities are detected. These efforts are to curb the rise in financial crimes, which followed the growing popularity of remote banking services.Experts’ inputsAt the event held to discuss the protection of consumer information in the digital age, senior researcher Kim Gap-rae at Korea Capital Market Institute said that a law should be introduced to penalize unfair practices, such as market manipulation and use of undisclosed information, in the virtual asset market.Lee Joo-hwan, head of the information security management division at Hana Bank, suggested the approach used in the US, which is recovering ill-gotten gains from financial crimes to compensate victims.Kang Byung-hoon, a professor who teaches cyber security at KAIST, anticipated that the financial industry would accelerate the adoption of confidential computing, a highly secure system, to which even administrators have limited access.

Korbit and Shinhan Bank hold seminar to strengthen suspicious crypto transaction reportingKorbit, one of the top five cryptocurrency exchanges in South Korea, revealed on Monday (local time) that it conducted a seminar in collaboration with Shinhan Bank last month aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of suspicious transaction report (STR) filings.Photo by Nick Fewings on UnsplashEnhancing suspicious transaction reportingThe seminar held at Korbit’s premises was a collaborative forum where experts from both the exchange and Shinhan Bank exchanged insights and engaged in a question-and-answer session. The agenda covered areas such as the writing of STR reports, monitoring based on particular themes and the education of staff members. The gathering featured key participants, including Jin Chang-hwan, Compliance Officer of Korbit, and Yoo Jung-yeol, Head of the Digital Assets Team at Shinhan Bank as well as personnel from both organizations involved in anti-money laundering (AML) initiatives.Focus on complianceEarlier this year, Korbit and Shinhan Bank held a meeting to go over the Financial Intelligence Unit’s (FIU) comprehensive evaluation of virtual asset service providers (VASPs). This evaluation examined how well VASPs complied with the Travel Rule. Additionally, the meeting allowed both organizations to exchange ideas on how to enhance their compliance processes. In a move ahead of the industry, Korbit in September became the first Korean crypto exchange to adopt new rules for real-name bank accounts, a policy that will become mandatory in January of the following year.Oh Se-jin, Korbit’s CEO, highlighted the increasing significance of filing STRs, citing recent FIU data that showed VASPs submitted more STRs in the first three quarters of this year than in the entirety of last year. He affirmed Korbit’s dedication to establishing itself as a secure and reliable cryptocurrency exchange through ongoing collaborations with Shinhan Bank.Meanwhile, Korbit has managed to cut down the review period for STRs to a third of its previous duration. Additionally, the exchange verifies the effectiveness of its STR rules by performing monthly evaluations and seeking advice from external consultants.