Tether fueling Cambodia’s dark economy despite ban

Analysts expect crypto market cap to triple or more next yearThe Korbit Research Center, affiliated with South Korean cryptocurrency exchange Korbit, published a report last Friday that provides projections for the crypto market in 2024.The paper includes contributions from its team, notably head of research Peter Chung, as well as research analysts Choy Yoon-young, Kang Dong-hyun and Kim Min-seung.Peter Chung predicts that the total market capitalization of cryptocurrencies could soar to $5 trillion, more than three times greater than its current level of $1.6 trillion. He attributes this potential growth to three key factors: the possibility of the U.S. Federal Reserve easing its monetary policy, the potential approval of spot bitcoin and ether exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and the anticipated Bitcoin halving event expected in April 2024.Photo by Pierre Borthiry — Peiobty on UnsplashFactors driving crypto market growth in 2024Peter Chung suggests that the growth of the crypto market will be driven by the expanding utility of virtual assets. He believes that once ETFs for bitcoin and ether are approved, these cryptocurrencies will become more versatile as investment options. This, in turn, is expected to enhance their reputation and foster wider adoption, having a significant influence on the broader crypto ecosystem beyond the two most dominant cryptocurrencies.Real-world assets and financial firmsChoy anticipates that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will approve spot bitcoin and ether ETFs by the first half of next year. On a different note, Kang focuses on the importance of blockchain technology, particularly emphasizing real-world assets (RWAs) and roll-up solutions. Kang highlights that since RWAs are closely linked with traditional financial institutions, an influx of capital from these entities is likely to boost the RWA market. This interaction between traditional finance and blockchain technology could be a key driver of growth in the sector.Regulatory changes and landscape shiftKim Min-seung, another analyst from the team, forecasts that upcoming regulatory developments could alter the dynamics of the cryptocurrency market. A notable development in this regard is the forthcoming implementation of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act in South Korea, set for July next year. According to Kim, these changes might result in a scenario where only competitive cryptocurrencies survive.Kim elaborates that the perception of virtual assets is poised for a shift. Currently, crypto investors tend to base their decisions on expectations of arbitrary cryptocurrency inflation. However, once new regulations are implemented, investors are likely to start assessing the actual value of virtual assets more critically. This shift in approach could lead to a more value-driven and stable cryptocurrency market, as speculative tendencies might decrease and a focus on intrinsic value increases.According to local news outlet website The Asia Business Daily, Peter Chung anticipates further growth in the cryptocurrency market next year, following its rebound this year. He suggests that this growth trajectory will not only continue but also attract increased attention from the public.

South Korean digital marketing company FSN’s subsidiary Fingerlabs has been selected as a tenant of the city of Busan’s Blockchain Offshore Firm Development Center. The company confirmed that it moved in recently on Jan. 2.Photo by Héctor J. Rivas on UnsplashFostering growth and collaborationThe Blockchain Offshore Firm Development Center is part of a project conducted by the Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA) and the Ministry of Science and ICT and operated by Busan to create a special corporate cluster of blockchain firms, thus revitalizing the blockchain industry and nurturing a sustainable industrial ecosystem. "We are excited to be a new tenant at the Blockchain Offshore Firm Development Center,” said Kim Dong-hoon, CEO of Fingerlabs. “We will share our business know-how with other tenants and commit to joint growth. We will also actively participate in various programs provided by the center to contribute to Busan's leap into becoming a digital economy city." Various companies operating blockchain-related businesses outside of Busan were selected to be a part of the development center after a comprehensive overall evaluation of factors like technological facets, marketability and contributions to innovation. Corporate residents have access to various infrastructure and benefits, including facilities and programs at the Busan Blockchain Venture Convention, also dubbed “b-space”. Fingerlabs plans to participate in various programs led by the public sector such as councils, seminars and conferences to help Busan – notably the first regulation-free special zone for blockchain businesses in South Korea – foster its digital economy based on its expertise in the field of Web3.  Innovating Web3 solutionsFingerlabs has grown to become one of the country’s major blockchain companies through its varied services and products, which are provided to corporate clients like SK Planet, Lotte Home Shopping and SK Networks. In particular, it recently launched Bling, a participatory Web3 membership platform that allows businesses to create and manage NFTs that are linked to membership-only benefits. The company also operates a Web3 content distribution hub called Xclusive and Favorlet, an NFT wallet and customer management service. 

Recent reports from local media outlets indicate that Indonesian authorities have conducted raids on crypto mining sites, accusing them of illicitly siphoning electricity from the utility poles of the state-owned electricity company. The government’s intervention comes as part of a broader effort to address energy theft and regulate the cryptocurrency mining industry in the country.Photo by Fré Sonneveld on UnsplashTen mining sites raidedOfficials from the state-owned electricity company PLN highlighted the importance of coordinated efforts in exposing the unauthorized mining operations that were tapping into the national grid without approval. According to the reports, the ten illegal bitcoin mining sites which were raided incurred a financial loss of approximately 1.4 billion Indonesian rupees, equivalent to $100,000 for the state. The impact of energy theft extended beyond financial concerns, raising environmental and community-related concerns. Local students, alarmed by the potential consequences, urged PLN and regional police to investigate the mining operations. Subsequent action revealed that the theft was indeed taking place, prompting PLN officers from the Bukit Barisan Customer Service Implementation Unit (UP3) to conduct a raid. However, the officers faced threats and resistance, leading to a close coordination between PLN and the North Sumatra Regional Police. The raid uncovered a total of 1,300 bitcoin mining machines engaged in illegal operations, with each machine consuming a substantial 1,800 watts of electricity. Inspector General Agung Effendi, the North Sumatra Police Chief, disclosed that the illicit activities had been ongoing for an estimated six months, resulting in the arrest of 26 individuals across the ten locations.PLN reassured stakeholders of continued collaboration with the police to prevent further electricity theft and safeguard the national grid from such unauthorized activities. Worldwide concernThe incident in Indonesia reflects a global concern over the energy consumption of cryptocurrency mining operations generally, but also with regard to illegal activity. In recent years, the environmental impact of these operations has become a focal point in public policy debates, with climate activists emphasizing the harm caused. Government officials, on the other hand, express concerns about the potential disruption to the total distribution network if not properly regulated. In September, neighboring Malaysia identified illegal crypto mining activities in the state of Sarawak as the reason for recurrent power disruption. Meanwhile, in Singapore in August, authorities uncovered a crypto mining scam that cheated investors out of $1.3 million dollars. Indonesia joins other countries that have conducted raids on crypto mining operations accused of running large-scale, unregistered facilities. Malaysia has witnessed multiple arrests related to digital asset mines, while in Venezuela, authorities seized bitcoin machines and weapons from a recaptured prison controlled by a criminal gang. Legitimate mining potentialNotably, this marks the first such incident in Indonesia, and energy theft charges in the country are punishable by up to five years in prison or 200% of the stolen energy’s value. Despite these problems, Indonesia also understands the opportunity that exists where legal bitcoin mining is carried out. In May, Ridwan Kamil, Governor of the province of West Java, participated in a fireside chat titled “The Indonesia Bitcoin Mining Campaign.” During that event, Governor Kamil recognized the potential that bitcoin mining offers Indonesia. He stated: “[Indonesia has] the second most geothermal potential in the world — more than 800 rivers with hydropower. As bitcoin allows the transformation of energy into money, bitcoin could be transformative for Indonesia.” The global trend of addressing energy consumption in crypto mining is evident in Kazakhstan, where regulators seek to limit miners’ access to the national grid unless they operate solar-powered mines. Indonesia, with its pro-crypto population, is also moving towards increased regulation, mandating all crypto exchanges to register with the Commodity Futures Exchange (CFX) to continue operations beyond August 2024.