KCC sets guidelines for user protection on metaverse platforms

In response to the expanding demand for cryptocurrencies in Indonesia, the government has laid down a directive, requiring crypto exchanges operating within the Southeast Asian country to register with the recently inaugurated Commodity Future Exchange (CFX).Photo by Bisma Mahendra on UnsplashMandatory requirementThe CFX was established back in July as the world's first national bourse exclusively dedicated to digital assets. The national exchange has been modeled to replicate exchanges in traditional markets like the NASDAQ, but in this case, focusing entirely on digital assets. Under regulations introduced in 2019 by the Indonesian Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency (Bappebti), crypto exchanges in the country must seek authorization. Even exchanges operating legally since 2014 fall under the category of "prospective crypto exchanges" and must undergo a rigorous process to gain recognition as legitimate entities affiliated with the CFX. Safeguarding investorsThis regulatory initiative aims to create a secure environment for crypto investors while simultaneously serving as a platform for tracking digital asset transactions for taxation purposes. Beyond the regulatory oversight, registering with the CFX also acts as a gateway for the Indonesian government to monitor cryptocurrency transactions for taxation purposes. The authorization process involves registration with self-regulatory organizations (SROs) like the CFX, followed by scrutiny by Bappebti to assess the company's suitability to operate. Only after meeting all requirements can a crypto exchange be issued a crypto exchange license (PFAK). Failure to complete the new procedures and registrations within the specified timeframe, set for Aug. 17, 2024, will result in the inability to operate in Indonesia. Currently, there are 29 prospective crypto exchanges in Indonesia that must obtain authorization to continue their operations. Regulatory oversight change in 2025It is noteworthy that a significant regulatory overhaul in 2025 will shift the oversight of cryptocurrency regulation from Bappebti to Indonesia's Financial Services Authority (OJK). This change could potentially reclassify cryptocurrencies as securities, potentially impacting taxation. While crypto assets are currently subject to Value Added Tax (VAT) and Income Tax (PPh) as commodities, reclassification as securities may lead to a reduction in taxes. In late February, Didid Noordiatmoko, head of Bappebti, announced the nation's intention to launch its state-backed crypto exchange by mid-2023. The exchange will be operated by a private-sector company rather than the government, with private-sector crypto platforms executing trades on the exchange. Crypto adoptionThe surge in demand for cryptocurrencies in Indonesia is evidenced by official data from 2023, indicating that the number of registered crypto traders exceeds that of stock traders. Data published in October outlined that Indonesia has seen a 10.1% year-on-year increase in the number of crypto investors in the country, bringing that figure to 17.79 million citizens. The increase in interest in crypto among Indonesians has not been lost on the country’s politicians as crypto appears to have become an election issue. Gibran Rakabuming Raka, a vice-presidential candidate in the upcoming Indonesian election, expressed the aim to accelerate Indonesia's position as a leader in the digital revolution by cultivating expertise in blockchain and cryptocurrencies. 

Momentica’s NFT Photo Cards Captivate K-Pop EnthusiastsMomentica, a fan-artist engagement platform, has been captivating K-pop enthusiasts with NFT photo cards featuring their favorite artists.Dunamu and HYBELevvels, the company behind Momentica, has garnered significant attention from both the tech and the entertainment industries, as it is a joint venture between Dunamu, the operator of Korea’s leading crypto exchange, and HYBE, the agency representing world-renowned boy band BTS.K-pop photo cardsOne of the primary goals of this promising company is to introduce the K-pop fandom culture to global audiences. K-pop fans enjoy collecting photo cards featuring their favorite singers or actors, and thanks to blockchain technology, these cards can now be transformed into non-fungible tokens (NFTs), ensuring their authenticity and preventing forgeries and counterfeits. Dunamu’s blockchain expertise has combined with HYBE’s intellectual property to create a range of collectible items for K-pop fans.In a recent interview with Donga Ilbo, Levvels CEO Cha Sang-hoon explained the company’s current status and future plans. Cha said that Levvels is primarily a blockchain-based Web3 company aiming to leverage various technological tools to offer a range of services.Levvels’ Momentica issues digital photo cards called TAKEs, which capture unique and memorable moments of artists, and the collection, appreciation, and trading of these cards are facilitated through the Momentica app. Fans can use Momentica to collect digital cards featuring artists such as Seventeen, Le Sserafim, and Fromis_9. The authenticity of TAKEs is verifiable, as they are recorded on the blockchain.© Pexels/Sebastian ErviPhysical to digitalMomentica transitions the fan experience from the physical world to the digital realm. Through the app, K-pop aficionados can now exchange photo cards, promote their favorite stars, and maintain a virtual album. Exclusive content, including pictures, videos, and handwriting from some artists, will be available only on Momentica.Cha mentioned that Momentica has users across 93 countries, with Koreans constituting 40% of the total. Japanese users represent over 30%, indicating the app’s strong presence in the Japanese market. Taiwan, Indonesia, and the US follow in the number of users. Overall, the app’s popularity aligns with regional interest in K-pop.Beyond HYBEWhile the current service focuses on limited collections of digital photo cards, Momentica plans to enhance the experience by allowing K-pop fans to personalize and directly exchange cards. The company is also working on collaborations with artists from labels beyond HYBE for them to participate in Momentica.

Terraform Labs seeks summary judgment to dismiss SEC allegationsLawyers representing bankrupt Singaporean crypto firm Terraform Labs and its co-founder, Do Kwon, have requested a summary judgment from a New York judge in their legal battle against the United States’ Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).If granted, such a dismissal could potentially spare them from a full-blown trial. In their motion, the legal team argued vehemently that they are innocent of the SEC’s allegations, maintaining that the regulator has failed to provide any compelling evidence of wrongdoing.Photo by Bermix Studio on UnsplashDefining a securityThe motion, which was filed last Friday in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, asserts that the implicated cryptocurrencies of Terra Classic (LUNC), TerraClassicUSD (USTC) and Mirror Protocol (MIR), together with its Mirrored assets (mAssets), are not securities as claimed by the SEC in its complaint.The heart of the matter revolves around the SEC’s assertion that Terraform Labs offered or sold securities, a claim vehemently denied by the defendants. The SEC initially brought the case in February, referencing algorithmic stablecoin TerraUSD, which famously collapsed in May 2022.Lawyers claim case is unsubstantiatedBoth Kwon and Terraform Labs’ attorneys argued that despite over two years of investigation, more than 20 depositions, and the exchange of a staggering two million pages of documents, the SEC’s case remains unsubstantiated.The SEC’s original complaint in February accused Kwon and Terraform of raising substantial sums from investors by offering and selling an inter-connected suite of crypto asset securities, many of which were unregistered transactions. SEC Chair Gary Gensler added that Terraform and Kwon had failed to provide investors with full disclosures, notably concerning LUNA and TerraUSD.A key element of the dispute centers on the SEC’s allegation that Kwon and Terraform moved millions of dollars into Swiss bank accounts for personal gain. According to the agency’s complaint, the company and Kwon transferred 10,000 bitcoins to a financial institution based in Switzerland. The legal team representing Kwon and Terraform vehemently denies this allegation, characterizing it as baseless and unfounded.Flawed stablecoin designAlgorithmic stablecoins, such as TerraUSD, operate using market incentives via algorithms to maintain a stable price. Terra was tied to Luna, a governance token, in an attempt to stabilize prices. Unfortunately, the collapse of TerraUSD in 2022 destroyed in excess of $40 billion in value held by investors. It also had a domino effect, leading to a series of other crypto platform collapses later in 2022.Judge Jed Rakoff, presiding over the case in the Southern District of New York, had previously denied an attempt by Terraform Labs and Kwon to have the case dismissed. This new motion for summary judgment represents their latest effort to put an end to the legal proceedings.In a separate but related action, lawyers representing Terraform Labs Co-Founder Daniel Shin asserted that Shin played no role in the collapse of TerraUSD. In a Seoul district court, they emphasized that Shin had nothing to do with the collapse despite being indicted in South Korea in April on various charges, including fraud.