China advances digital yuan adoption in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong

India’s HPCL Embraces Blockchain Tech to Streamline Purchase OrdersHindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) has forged a partnership with Zupple Labs, an Indian Web3 startup, to upgrade its purchase order processes through blockchain.Photo by Zbynek Burival on UnsplashTamper-proof documentationAccording to local media publication Business Today, the collaboration leverages blockchain technology to issue tamper-proof digital purchase orders via LegitDoc, ensuring instant verification on the NEAR blockchain. The move is a significant step toward enhancing transparency and efficiency in the purchase order system, addressing long-standing challenges in the industry.Notably, HPCL has awarded purchase orders worth $52 billion in the past five years, making these orders economically significant. Until now, automating purchase order verification for third-party requests outside of HPCL proved to be particularly challenging, resulting in substantial manual labor to process external verification requests.With the implementation of LegitDoc, historically fraud-prone purchase orders can be seamlessly issued to the relevant stakeholders. This breakthrough empowers participants to verify the authenticity of these orders with a simple click, reducing the risk of forgery and expediting the verification process.HPCL’s use of blockchain technology in partnership with Zupple Labs serves multiple purposes. It aims to combat purchase order forgery, simplify vendor access to trade finance through collateralization, and provide evidence of turnover, ultimately facilitating participation in public procurement processes. The facility will soon be accessible to both the public and vendors, with the launch set for October.Neil Martis, the founder of LegitDoc, expressed his enthusiasm about HPCL’s adoption of their technology. He noted:“It’s exciting to see an oil conglomerate such as HPCL use our technology LegitDoc, to secure billions of dollars’ worth of purchase orders. This serves as a testament to the confidence that businesses and governments have placed in our blockchain platform over the years in protecting important documents.”Utilizing two blockchainsThe approach taken in this instance relies on the use of two parallel blockchains which act as settlement layers: the NEAR public blockchain and permissioned private blockchain Hyperledger Fabric. As of mid-October, 3,000 purchase orders had been issued using blockchain.HPCL’s move to digitize and secure its purchase order system not only benefits the corporation but also has industry-wide implications. By promoting digital automation and trust, it sets a precedent for transparency and efficiency in the oil and gas sector. This adoption of blockchain technology aligns with a global trend of enhancing digital trust and streamlining operations across various sectors.Further application of blockchain techIt’s worth noting that this isn’t the first instance of Zupple Labs’ blockchain technology-based solutions being employed by the government in India. LegitDoc has previously been adopted by the administration of Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, for issuing tribal caste certificates in 2022, in that instance by way of the Polygon blockchain.Moreover, the technology played a pivotal role in issuing COVID-19 vaccine certificates in Maharashtra in 2021, while over 100,000 degree certificates were issued in 2022. These instances underscore the versatility and growing acceptance of blockchain technology in modern governance and business processes.

Shanghai Court Recognizes Unique Traits of BitcoinThe Shanghai Second Intermediate People’s Court has added a layer of legitimacy to Bitcoin despite China’s prevailing anti-crypto stance.In a recently published report, the court recognized digital currencies such as Bitcoin as being unique and non-replicable. It went further still in singling out Bitcoin as being distinct from the thousands of other cryptocurrencies that are currently in existence.Photo by Zhou Xian on UnsplashSun chimes inThe significance of this development has caught the attention of Justin Sun, the Founder of the TRON blockchain network, who took to the X social media platform (formerly Twitter) to share insights from the report. Sun wrote:”The Second Intermediate People’s Court of Shanghai believes that with the development of internet technology, digital currencies represented by Bitcoin possess uniqueness and non-replicability.”Legal attributesDelving deeper into the report’s content, it becomes evident that the court was engaging in a discussion about the legal attributes of Bitcoin and how judicial decisions should be approached in cases involving cryptocurrencies.One striking aspect of the report is how it acknowledges the usage of cryptocurrencies in illegal financial activities, such as illicit fundraising. In this instance, the court has indirectly acknowledged the financial nature of cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, despite the fact that a ban has been in place on trading Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies since 2021.That said, the report also notes that due to the regulatory stance on cryptocurrencies, the legal attributes of digital currencies remain ambiguous, creating challenges in their judicial handling. Despite some courts attempting to disregard the “monetary” and “property” attributes of digital currencies, these efforts have proved unsuccessful.Inherent characteristicsRegarding the monetary attribute, the courts still identify the sale price of digital currencies in their judgments. When it comes to property attributes, these courts struggle to ignore the inherent property value presented by digital currencies during legal proceedings.While acknowledging Bitcoin’s decentralized nature and lack of centralized control, the article still underscores its “major functions of currency,” such as scalability, circulation, storage, and means of payment, making it a global currency.Future implicationsThe legal opinion expressed by the Shanghai court provides a notable boost to the legitimacy of Bitcoin and other digital currencies. It asserts that these tokens undeniably possess value, even if the People’s Bank of China chooses not to formally recognize them.Moreover, the court’s inclination toward classifying cryptocurrencies as personal property aligns with another report from the Chinese courts as well as rulings in other jurisdictions, such as Singapore. Similarly the Shanghai court acknowledges that Bitcoin can be acquired through various means, including mining, inheritance, and buying and selling.The court’s recognition of the enduring value of cryptocurrencies echoes the sentiment that value is a collective human judgment. In this respect, the Shanghai court’s perspective aligns with the reality that many Chinese citizens continue to use digital currencies as a medium of exchange despite the existing ban.The Shanghai court’s unintentional validation of Bitcoin’s unique attributes and value may have broader implications for the legal status and recognition of cryptocurrencies in China and beyond. This latest development could contribute to a more nuanced approach to cryptocurrency regulation and legal interpretation in the future.

Daegu to host first-ever metaverse expo on Nov. 8South Korea’s Daegu Metropolitan City is set to host its first metaverse expo called the “ABB Big Show” from Wednesday to Friday (local time) at the EXCO convention center as part of efforts to stimulate and promote the metaverse industry — a key industry that was notably earmarked as a growth engine in last year’s eighth nationwide local elections. Despite more recent concerns about the sector due to worsening domestic and international economic conditions and reduced investments, the global market continues to recognize its high potential, as divulged at CES 2023, one of the biggest tech events in the world. Daegu has thus stepped up to promote the latest metaverse technologies and content across diverse industrial, administrative and educational services.“The metaverse industry represents a new field that symbolizes a digital era with infinite opportunities and possibilities,” said Choi Woon-baek, Director of the city’s Office for Future Innovation Growth. “I hope that this event will be a meaningful time for citizens to experience firsthand the advanced metaverse technology that is poised to change our future lives.”Photo by GuerrillaBuzz on UnsplashA confluence of metaverse innovation and technologyUnder the theme of exploring the link between reality and the virtual realm, the ABB Big Show — ABB is an acronym for AI, blockchain and big data — will be hosted by Daegu and jointly organized by the Daegu Gyeongbuk Metaverse Industry Association, the MICE Industry Research Institute and local news outlet Yeongnam Ilbo. It will also be held simultaneously with this year’s ICT Convergence Expo Korea and the ABB Hackathon. Of the 156 total companies that are scheduled to participate in the shared event, 32 of them are metaverse companies, the city said.These companies are set to introduce various cutting-edge metaverse technologies through hands-on activities and exhibitions, many of which come with prizes and special events for visitors. In particular, creative media content company YDesign Lab plans to set up a futuristic Instagram photo zone for visitors using immersive anamorphic technology, while mixed reality (MR) content provider DG Entertainment will showcase its motion recognition technology.Other individual guests plan to give lectures on the prospects of Korea’s metaverse industry and propose related policies to push these prospects in a promising direction. The second day of the expo will host a conference featuring Ahn Jong-bae, President of Hansei University’s Future Creativity Campus, who will deliver a keynote speech on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in changing the future and the metaverse industry.Daegu’s ambitious projectsDaegu is also pursuing several other big-budget projects to foster its regional metaverse ecosystem, including the construction of a metaverse hub in the greater metropolitan area that will serve to support related businesses and cultivate metaverse experts. Also on the city’s agenda is the development of a “Daegu World” metaverse that leverages regional intellectual property in the realms of tourism, education and culture to give citizens unique virtual experiences.