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Singapore’s Regulator Imposes 9-Year Ban on 3AC FoundersSingapore’s central bank and financial regulator, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), has handed down a nine-year prohibition order to Kyle Davies and Su Zhu, co-founders of the failed crypto hedge fund Three Arrows Capital (3AC).Photo by Swapnil Bapat on UnsplashSevere restrictionsThe penalty relates to alleged violations of the city-state’s securities laws. The prohibition order came into effect on Wednesday, carrying severe restrictions for Davies and Zhu.During this nine-year period, Davies and Zhu are prohibited from engaging in any regulated activities in Singapore. They are also barred from managing, serving as directors, or holding substantial shares in any capital market services business within the territory of Singapore.Loo Siew Yee, the Assistant Managing Director of Policy, Payments, and Financial Crime at MAS, emphasized the seriousness of the violations in a statement released by the central bank on Thursday. Yee stated:“MAS takes a serious view of Mr. Zhu’s and Mr. Davies’ flagrant disregard of MAS’ regulatory requirements and dereliction of their directors’ duties.” She further asserted that MAS would take action against senior managers who engage in such misconduct.Securities law violationsMAS’s decision to impose these sanctions on the 3AC co-founders was based on its findings of further securities law violations during investigations into 3AC and its founders. The regulatory authority accused Davies and Zhu of failing to inform MAS when 3AC hired a new business representative, providing false information to the regulator, and neglecting to establish an appropriate risk management framework.3AC’s troubles stemmed from the crypto market crash that occurred last year, triggered by the Terra ecosystem’s collapse. The hedge fund’s leveraged crypto positions exposed it to billions in loan defaults, resulting in significant financial losses. Its lack of risk management had a cascading effect in crypto. Lenders like Celsius and BlockFi had exposure to 3AC, leading to further collapses later in 2022 as a consequence.3AC’s creditors claim that the firm owes as much as $3.5 billion, and liquidators are now seeking to recover approximately $1.3 billion from Zhu and Davies, who allegedly incurred the debt when the firm was already insolvent.Regulatory reprimandsThis action by MAS follows last June’s reprimand of 3AC, which occurred just before the hedge fund filed for bankruptcy amid widely reported insolvency issues. At that time, MAS had criticized 3AC for providing false information, failing to report directorship changes involving Zhu and Davies, and exceeding the legal assets under management threshold.It’s just the latest reprimand the duo have received from a regulator this year, though. Zhu and Davies have been busy in trying to get another start-up off the ground. Earlier this year, they launched OPNX, a crypto bankruptcy claims trading platform. The venture is based out of Dubai, and the firm reported in April that it had gotten significant VC backing.Many of those that the company claimed were backing the venture disassociated themselves from those claims. The following month, the Dubai regulator, the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA), reprimanded the OPNX founders, having issued an investor alert relative to the firm a few weeks prior to that. VARA's complaint was that the business had been operating without having acquired the appropriate licensing.

Philippines Regulator Collaborates with US Counterpart to Tackle Crypto FraudThe Philippines Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has taken a step towards addressing the escalating issue of crypto scams, seeking assistance from its namesake and international counterpart, the US SEC.The international partnership was announced via a Philippines SEC press release, published last Friday. The collaboration highlights the severity of a growing problem in terms of crypto-related fraud, underscoring the importance of inter-agency cooperation in tackling the issue.Photo by Krisia on PexelsJoint training effortsBoth SECs will engage in joint training sessions. The collaboration also involves cooperation with the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and it has been established under the umbrella of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO). Notably, the Philippines SEC has also signed IOSCO’s Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aimed at addressing crypto scams.The motivation behind these collaborative efforts is readily apparent given the scale of the cryptocurrency fraud that has occurred recently in the Philippines. Recent instances have captured the attention of the authorities, emphasizing the urgent need for regulatory action.Drawing on overseas enforcement experienceMost in the crypto sector are not enamored with US SEC Chair Gary Gensler’s stance relative to digital assets. Notwithstanding that, it may be that his assertive approach to enforcement may have a place in the Philippine context, given the extent of the issue of crypto fraud in the Southeast Asian country. For example, Gensler’s call for “more cops on the beat” to police the crypto industry, expressed in a Bloomberg Daybreak Podcast interview in July, resonates with the Philippines’ current predicament.Though Gensler’s remarks have been met with resistance from some quarters within the crypto industry, they may serve as sage advice in a climate where crypto-related crimes proliferate.Philippines SEC Chair Emilio Aquino outlined that the collaborative workshop involving the two securities commissions was aimed towards strengthening the capability of the Philippines’ SEC enforcement personnel in conducting investigations on securities-related crimes like insider trading, market manipulation, off-market fraud, and crypto scams.Aquino stated: “Scammers are becoming more advanced and sophisticated in their techniques as new technologies arise. As such, the SEC must constantly improve its investigation and enforcement capabilities to ensure that we are always one step ahead in preventing scams.”The Philippines, in particular, could benefit from a more robust regulatory presence to combat human trafficking networks and quash scams that tarnish the reputation of the crypto sector. These criminal activities have unfortunately led many to associate cryptocurrencies with fraud.The Philippines SEC Chair added that collaboration with US regulators and other enforcement agencies would likely guide the country in its pursuit of initiatives that lead towards the protection of the investing public.While expert training is essential, bolstering regulatory oversight, as suggested by Gensler, may be the key to mitigating the pervasive problem of crypto-related crime and protecting the integrity of the cryptocurrency sector.

Myanmar Government in Exile Backs Crypto Bank LaunchMyanmar is on the cusp of a financial revolution as the National Unity Government (NUG), the country’s exiled shadow government, introduces the Spring Development Bank (SDB), a crypto-based financial institution.With a mission to bestow long-awaited financial freedom and digitized sophistication upon the nation’s citizens, the SDB aspires to reshape Myanmar’s financial landscape.Built on PolygonThe bank derives its name from the Spring Revolution, an opposition movement that bravely challenges the ruling military junta. The goal of the SDB is to bring “freedom and democracy to the 55 million citizens of Myanmar,” a lofty ambition that reflects the NUG’s determination to empower its people through innovative means.Constructed on the Polygon Network, the SDB aims to revolutionize domestic and international payments, making them faster and more efficient. But the bank’s vision extends beyond just payments. Following a recent press conference, bank officials revealed plans to offer a diverse range of financial products, including fixed deposits, currency exchange services, cross-country remittances, and even digital gold savings options.Reaching the Burmese diasporaNotably, the SDB’s reach extends beyond Myanmar’s borders to the two-million-strong Burmese diaspora residing abroad. This diaspora frequently sends money back to their homeland, but the current remittance fees can soar as high as 30%. The bank intends to alleviate this burden, reducing the costs associated with sending money back to Myanmar.The Spring Development Bank operates under the licensing and regulation of the Interim Central Bank of Myanmar, which is under the control of the NUG. U Calvin, the bank’s CEO, emphasized that this launch marks the initial step towards restoring financial independence to Myanmar.The bank’s emergence comes amid Myanmar’s complex relationship with cryptocurrencies. While there is no specific legislation addressing cryptocurrencies, the Central Bank of Myanmar issued a ban on them in 2020, and the military junta later proposed a cybersecurity law that criminalized their usage in January 2022.Photo by Dan Gold on UnsplashJuly soft launchA soft launch of the SDB is scheduled for July 22, with 1,000 private beta users and 100 relationship managers. The bank expects to achieve a full launch in late August, with the goal of attracting 100,000 active users within the first six months of operation.Despite these regulatory challenges, Myanmar’s people have turned to cryptocurrencies as an escape from their dire financial situation. Since the February 2021 coup, the country’s economy has suffered significantly, with the World Bank estimating an alarming 18% annual contraction. Fading trust in the traditional banking system, controlled by the military, has further crippled the financial market.The Myanmar kyat (MMK) plummeted to an all-time low of 2,200 against the US dollar (USD) in September 2021, down from 1,330 in February 2020 (currently 1 USD = 2,100 MMK).The SDB’s arrival signals a glimmer of hope amidst these trying times, offering a beacon of financial opportunity for the citizens of Myanmar. With the support of the NUG, the bank is looking to take an innovative approach to better serve Burmese citizens, both at home and abroad.