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While Pakistan’s Minister of State for Finance and Revenue stated back in 2023 that cryptocurrencies “will never be legalized in Pakistan,” recent events suggest that policy change is now likely.Photo by Hamid Roshaan on UnsplashAttracting foreign direct investmentIn an interview with Bloomberg TV on March 20, Bilal bin Saqib, CEO of the Pakistan Crypto Council (PCC), outlined that the South Asian country plans to move forward towards unbanning cryptocurrency within the country, while establishing a legal framework for such digital assets. The PCC itself was only established in February, with bin Saqib appointed as CEO earlier this month. The role of the PCC is to regulate and integrate blockchain technology and digital assets in Pakistan. The motivation for the proposed change in policy is a desire to attract foreign direct investment into Pakistan. The Trump effectWhen asked “why now,” bin Saqib said that “if [not] now, then never.” Expanding on that theme, he articulated that the return of U.S. President Donald Trump to office combined with his support of cryptocurrency, stands as a “bullish” catalyst for the global development of digital assets. He added: “Trump is essentially flipping the script. Trump signing an executive order instructing regulatory bodies to accommodate digital assets, forming the White House crypto advisory team, creating the U.S. strategic Bitcoin reserve,” . . . “that means that the largest economy in the world is creating it like a valuable national asset.” bin Saqib told Bloomberg that Pakistan is done with sitting on the sidelines and that the country now wants to achieve regulatory clarity on behalf of participants in the crypto sector within the country. He added that there’s a need to establish a legal framework that is pro-business. He added: “We want Pakistan as the leader in blockchain-powered finance, and we want to attract international investment.” Policy u-turnThis new stance on crypto stands in stark contrast to Pakistan’s previous position on cryptocurrencies. The country’s central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan, has warned investors of the risks of dealing in cryptocurrencies on a number of occasions previously, highlighting the fact that no entity is licensed within Pakistan to offer remittance services that implicate crypto tokens.  Earlier this month, bin Saqib outlined that Pakistan is investigating the use of blockchain technology to streamline remittances. The South Asian nation ranks within the top 10 countries in terms of total value remitted each year. At that time, he also confirmed to CoinDesk that Pakistan is exploring real-world asset (RWA) tokenization initiatives.  A report by Chainalysis in 2023 stated that Pakistan is “a world leader in grassroots cryptocurrency adoption.” Wealth preservation was identified as one catalyst for crypto adoption, given that the country has faced high inflation rates in recent years and a devaluation of its sovereign currency. That has led to stablecoins being popular despite a ban being in place on cryptocurrencies all the while. In taking matters forward from this point, bin Saqib said that the PCC is keen to learn from the experiences of jurisdictions such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Nigeria, Turkey, Singapore and Hong Kong in determining how best to formulate a pro-business regulatory framework for digital assets in Pakistan. 

It’s been a tough couple of months for global crypto exchange, Bybit. Having had to leave the Malaysian market due to regulatory issues, the firm is now being forced to shutter its service in India for similar reasons.Photo by Naveed Ahmed on UnsplashWithdrawing services on January 12The exchange announced its withdrawal from the Indian market via a statement published to its website on Jan. 10. The service for Indian residents has been ceased from 08:00 UTC on Sunday, Jan. 12.  Account opening and crypto trading has been disabled. Furthermore, the ability to place market orders through other exchange products offered by the company has also been disabled. The ability for customers to withdraw fiat currency and digital assets remains in place. Achieving full complianceWhile the company is leaving the market, it has stated that its services are temporarily suspended in India. It cited a need to “operate in full compliance” as the firm’s primary objective relative to the Indian market. Elaborating on this, it stated:”We have taken this measure while we continue to work closely with the regulator to finalize our registration as a Virtual Digital Asset Service Provider in India, which we expect to secure in the coming weeks.” Malaysian market issueThe situation mirrors a similar set of circumstances that Bybit finds itself in relative to the Malaysian market. On Dec. 27, the Malaysian Securities Commission published a statement outlining details of an enforcement action it had taken against Bybit and the firm’s CEO, Ben Zhou.  In that instance, Bybit was directed to disable its service offering within the Malaysian market. The company indicated that it would return to the market once it had secured the necessary licensing. India hasn’t proven to be the most crypto-friendly jurisdiction to date. Indian crypto influencer R.K. Gupta took to the X social media platform, claiming that the government was at fault for Bybit having to withdraw from the Indian market. He stated: “Our country’s flawed policies are ruining crypto, while others aim for reserve currency status. Govt targeting exchanges, and now Bybit might stop services in India.” In December 2023, India’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) took action to prevent unregistered overseas exchanges from operating within the Indian market. It issued compliance show-cause notices to nine exchanges at the time. Shortly afterwards, Apple India blocked access to these exchanges on the Indian Apple App Store.  While Bybit wasn’t amongst them, it is now being brought into line by Indian regulators. Back in September, it emerged that the FIU was considering requests to allow four offshore cryptocurrency exchanges to resume activity within the Indian market. Having been deemed to have come into compliance, Binance and KuCoin resumed activities in India in August 2024. Aside from Malaysia and India, Bybit has also encountered regulatory difficulties in Europe. Last August, it left the French market due to regulatory problems. In May 2022, the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF), the French financial markets authority, blacklisted Bybit, warning investors that it wasn’t a registered digital asset service provider.  As part of that market withdrawal, Bybit collaborated with partner Coinhouse, a regulated French crypto-asset platform. Accounts holding assets above the value of 10 USDC were transferred to Coinhouse.

Dunamu reports Q3 slump amid interest rate hikes and economic slowdownDunamu, the operator of South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange Upbit, posted a lackluster performance in this year’s Q3 due to a decrease in trading volume caused by ongoing interest rate hikes and an economic downturn.Photo by Алекс Арцибашев on UnsplashLagging performanceAccording to the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), Dunamu’s consolidated operating revenue in Q3 was KRW 193 billion (approximately $150 million), marking a 29% decrease from the same period a year earlier (KRW 271.9 billion). Operating income came in at KRW 101.8 billion, and net profit was KRW 29.5 billion, down 39.6% and 81.6% from the same period last year, respectively.This underwhelming financial performance reflects the sluggish crypto market amid the nation’s economic downturn and the U.S. Federal Reserve’s interest rate hikes. The decrease in the exchange’s net profit in particular can be attributed to a loss in the valuation of crypto assets due to crypto price declines compared to the previous quarter.Positive outlookHowever, with the expected approval of the spot bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) next year and the next Bitcoin halving, the market outlook is expected to improve gradually. Despite the current market conditions, Dunamu plans to continuously promote the mainstream adoption of blockchain services and explore new business ventures.“We will make efforts to revitalize the blockchain ecosystem and create an advanced investment environment,” Dunamu said. “We will strive to offer innovative services building on our unique technological capabilities.”