Understanding South Korea’s won-backed stablecoin debate

The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB) and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) are charting new regulatory territory with the release of a comprehensive consultation paper outlining their proposal to accept and regulate fiat-referenced stablecoins (FRS) within the Chinese autonomous territory.Photo by Ben Cheung on PexelsConsultation processThe proposal has been published to the FSTB website in the form of a consultation paper titled “Legislative Proposal to Implement the Regulatory Regime for Stablecoin Issuers in Hong Kong.” Separately, the HKMA has published a press release on the topic. This development seeks to establish a regulatory framework for stablecoin issuers and address associated risks. The consultation period is scheduled to conclude on Feb. 29 of next year. At the heart of this legislative proposal is the requirement for companies actively marketing the issuance of FRS to the public of Hong Kong to obtain a specific local license from the HKMA. The proposed criteria for obtaining this license are robust and include key elements such as maintaining reserves “at least equal to the par value” of all circulating stablecoins. This measure ensures that stablecoins remain fully backed, contributing to their stability and reliability. The legislation also places a strong emphasis on the segregation and secure safekeeping of reserve assets, enhancing the protection of users’ funds and preventing misuse. Furthermore, issuers will be mandated to provide transparent disclosure and regular reporting, fostering accountability and transparency within the stablecoin ecosystem. It is noteworthy that the proposed regulations explicitly exclude algorithmic stablecoins from obtaining an HKMA license, underlining a preference for stablecoins with solid reserve backing. No doubt the spectacular collapse of the UST algorithmic stablecoin in 2022 has informed the Hong Kong regulator’s decision to exclude consideration of algorithmic stablecoins in this instance. Need to establish Hong Kong presenceTo underscore their commitment to regulatory compliance, stablecoin issuers seeking an HKMA license will also be required to establish a registered office in Hong Kong. This office must have a chief executive, senior management team and key personnel in place, aligning with Hong Kong’s efforts to ensure that all activities related to stablecoin issuance are conducted responsibly. The proposed licensing regime for FRS aligns with Hong Kong’s broader strategy to foster the growth of the Web3 ecosystem within the region. Christopher Hui, Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, highlighted the significance of this move, stating: “With the implementation of the licensing regime for VA trading platforms from June this year, the legislative proposal to regulate FRS is another important measure facilitating Web3 ecosystem development in Hong Kong.” Market competitionBack in February, the HKMA signaled its intent to regulate stablecoins when it issued a discussion paper considering various regulatory approaches. Competition is on an upward trajectory relative to stablecoin issuance and use. In June, Hong Kong-based qualified custodian First Digital Trust announced that it was gearing up to launch "First Digital USD," a U.S. dollar-backed stablecoin regulated in Asia rather than the United States. Leading stablecoin issuer Circle has been active in furthering its product offering in Asia during 2023. It successfully attained licensing approval in Singapore while in Japan, it joined forces with SBI Holdings in an effort to propel further growth of its USDC stablecoin within the Japanese market.

Hong Kong’s Largest Bank in Lackluster Crypto EmbraceFor all of its pro-crypto initiatives Hong Kong has been struggling with banking crypto companies. A recent report from the Hong Kong Economic Journal cited Lin Yansheng, Director of Commercial Banking at Hang Seng Bank, Hong Kong’s largest local bank, in outlining that the bank will accommodate crypto but that support is conditional.Photo by Florian Wehde on UnsplashCrypto in a high rates environmentYansheng shared his insights on interest rates, stating that he believes that interest rates will rise but reassures that any increase will be temporary in nature.The Commercial Banking Director acknowledged that Hong Kong’s current high-interest rates, in contrast to those of mainland China and neighboring regions, have caused a slowdown in the overall demand for bank loans. He predicts that loan growth will face pressure this year. However, he also offers a glimmer of hope, stating that a reduction in interest rates may not be far off. He suggests that next year’s expected interest rate cuts could lead to an improvement in loan growth.Data published recently by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) shows that annualized loan growth has been negative since May. It currently stands at -1.1%. Yansheng explained that as borrowing rates decrease in mainland China, Hong Kong’s banking industry is experiencing a downturn in loan growth. The high Hong Kong dollar interbank offered rate (HIBOR) currently limits the volume of corporate borrowing.The rising concerns over interest rates have prompted Hang Seng Bank to acknowledge the importance of cryptocurrencies.Unconvincing crypto embraceThe bank recently outlined the regulatory framework for virtual asset businesses seeking to operate within its purview. To open standard banking accounts, these businesses must obtain an Approval-in-Principle (AIP) license from the Securities Regulatory Commission (SRC), as per the bank’s announcement.The first issue is that obtaining an AIP license has proven to be incredibly difficult. Currently, only OSL and HashKey, two virtual asset trading platforms, have managed to obtain the required clearance. Hang Seng Bank acknowledges that it hasn’t received many inquiries about crypto-banking, attributing it to that challenging process of obtaining AIP certification. Meeting the demanding requirements for such permission poses a significant hurdle for most businesses.Getting beyond this obstacle, Yansheng clarified that even then crypto companies will only be able to obtain a “simple” bank account. He didn’t clarify what services would be excluded but Hang Seng’s embrace of crypto-related business sounds very much like it’s lacking in conviction.Both the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority have conducted roundtable meetings to address the difficulties faced by virtual asset businesses. Yansheng reiterated Hang Seng’s commitment to complying with the regulators’ instructions and accommodating these companies. However, it’s clear that difficulties remain.Last month, it was reported that Hang Seng Investment Management Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hang Seng Bank and the largest exchange-traded fund (ETF) manager in Hong Kong, was looking to add digital assets to its product line.

Singaporean crypto wallet provider SafePal has announced a strategic investment in Swiss bank Fiat24, together with the launch of a number of financial services. The partnership is a significant milestone in bridging the gap between the crypto world and real-world financial utilities.Photo by Henrique Ferreira on UnsplashVisa card and in-app bankingThe company outlined in a blog post on March 7 that the centerpiece of this collaboration is the introduction of a crypto-focused Visa card and in-app banking services, both designed to streamline the integration of digital assets into everyday transactions. The default deposit currency for these services is the dollar-pegged stablecoin USD Coin (USDC), providing users with a stable foundation for their financial activities. Through the SafePal mobile wallet app, users can convert their cryptocurrency holdings into USDC via Ethereum layer two scaling network Arbitrum, making for an efficient and reliable process. Once converted, the USDC can be stored in multiple fiat currencies, including USD, EUR and CHF, enabling seamless utilization in various transactions and expenses. Enabling Swiss bank account accessOne of the standout aspects of this initiative is the opportunity for users to establish individually owned, fully compliant bank accounts directly within the SafePal mobile wallet app. By completing the necessary know-your-customer (KYC) and onboarding procedures through Fiat24. Opening such bank accounts will be free, with no account creation or annual management fees being applied. However, transfer and deposit fees will be applied starting from a base rate of 0.6%. The project believes that the integration of NFT technology on Arbitrum will ensure the security and transparency of all related transactions. Veronica Wong, CEO and co-founder of SafePal, emphasized the importance of addressing the accessibility challenges faced by crypto users in a communication with CoinDesk. She highlighted the significance of providing a crypto-friendly banking experience that eliminates the hurdles imposed by traditional financial institutions. Additional payment platform partnershipsIn addition to the crypto Visa cards, SafePal has forged partnerships with leading payment platforms such as Paypal, Google Pay, Apple Pay and Samsung Pay, expanding the usability and convenience of its services. While the Visa card will initially be available in select European regions, plans are underway for its gradual expansion across the continent. Similarly, the in-app banking gateway will cater to users outside the United States and in non-U.S. sanctioned countries, fostering greater accessibility on a global scale. Working towards market growth through a partnership strategy is a route that SafePal has taken in the past. In May 2023 the company attempted to make further inroads into the Korean market by partnering with South Korean enterprise blockchain project Klaytn. In that instance, the wallet provider added support for digital assets that run on the Klaytn network via its mobile app, hardware wallet and browser extension-based wallet. In light of these developments, SafePal's SFP tokens have experienced a modest increase in value. At the time of writing, the token unit price stood at $0.8026, representing a 4.62% increase over the course of the past 24 hours.