Japanese financial watchdog pushes new reserve rules for crypto exchanges
Japan plans to require cryptocurrency exchanges to maintain reserves to cover potential losses from hacking incidents, according to a Nov. 24 Nikkei report cited by local outlet New Economy. The measure is designed to ensure that service providers can compensate users in the event of a breach.
Authorities are expected to set the reserve level after reviewing past hacking cases and examining how much traditional securities firms set aside. While crypto exchanges are currently required to store customer assets in cold wallets, they are not obligated to maintain any dedicated pool of funds for compensating losses, and the proposed framework is intended to close that gap.
Reserve rules mirroring brokerage standards
The Financial System Council, which operates under the Financial Services Agency (FSA), will finalize a report on the proposal and draft a bill for submission to next year’s regular Diet session. The legislation would amend the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act (FIEA). The FSA is turning to the FIEA because the reserve framework is modeled on existing rules for securities companies, which must maintain designated reserves to compensate clients for losses stemming from errors or other improper activities.
These measures follow earlier reports that similar requirements are being considered for third-party custody providers that hold crypto assets on behalf of exchanges. These external custodians have not been directly overseen, but the FSA now plans to require them to report their activities in advance.
The push to reinforce customer protections comes as Japan’s crypto market continues to expand. In a sign of that growth, mobile payment platform PayPay last week enabled transfers between PayPay Money balances and Binance Japan. The new feature allows deposits from 1,000 yen, with limits of 1 million yen per 24 hours and 2 million yen per 30 days. Until now, funding or withdrawing from Binance Japan’s spot trading services was limited to yen bank transfers or transactions through external exchanges and wallets.
Accumulation grows amid market pullback
Japanese companies have also continued to accumulate Bitcoin. According to Decrypt, Metaplanet, a former hotel operator that now positions itself as a Bitcoin treasury firm, said on Nov. 25 that it plans to use its Bitcoin holdings as collateral for a $130 million loan to purchase additional Bitcoin. The Tokyo Stock Exchange-listed firm currently holds 30,823 BTC and aims to expand its position to 210,000 BTC by 2027. Another publicly traded company, nail-salon operator Convano, has taken a similar approach, recently adding 97.67 BTC to bring its total to 762.67 BTC, according to BitcoinTreasuries.NET.
This accumulation has continued despite Bitcoin’s recent decline. The cryptocurrency has fallen nearly 20% over the past month and is now trading just below $92,000. Citing analysis from 10x Research CEO Markus Thielen and Nansen research analyst Nicolai Søndergaard, Yonhap Infomax pointed to several factors behind the pullback. Thielen highlighted $3.5 billion in outflows from spot Bitcoin ETFs this month and roughly $800 million in stablecoins leaving the market. Søndergaard noted that long-term holders have been selling, adding that such activity has historically appeared early in Bitcoin’s four-year market cycle. Bitcoin’s most recent halving occurred on April 20, 2024, roughly 19 months ago.
Market watches upcoming policy moves
From a broader macro perspective, Reuters reported that the Bank of Japan (BOJ) could raise interest rates as early as next month amid pressure from a weakening yen. The timing remains uncertain, with the decision seen as hinging in part on the U.S. Federal Reserve, which sets policy one week before the BOJ.
According to CME Group’s FedWatch Tool, markets currently assign an 84.9% chance of a 25-basis-point Fed rate cut in December. A Fed hold or a more hawkish tone could lift the dollar, further weaken the yen, and increase pressure on the BOJ to act sooner. A Fed cut, by contrast, could ease that pressure but raise questions about the U.S. outlook and the trajectory of future BOJ hikes.
Monetary decisions in the coming weeks are expected to influence crypto markets, as lower interest rates generally support demand for risk assets such as Bitcoin. With both the Fed and the BOJ poised to set policy in December, market participants are watching for how shifts in liquidity and currency moves could shape the next phase of digital asset prices.
