Hong Kong to bridge insurance and digital assets via new risk framework

Kazakhstan shuts out 980 non-compliant crypto exchanges in 2023Kazakhstan has implemented stringent measures in 2023 when it comes to regulating the crypto sector, resulting in the closure of 980 crypto exchanges that failed to comply with government regulations.That’s according to a press release published by the Central Asian country’s Financial Monitoring Agency (FMA), the state entity responsible for anti-money laundering (AML) policy. These measures, taken over the course of the year, were highlighted during the 39th Plenary Week of the Eurasian Group (EAG) in the resort city of Sanya, in Hainan province in China.Photo by Kuralbek Djumagaziev on UnsplashCombating money laundering threatsThe seminar served as a platform for participating countries to exchange experiences, with an emphasis on leveraging advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, to effectively combat emerging threats related to money laundering and terrorist financing. The Kazakhstani delegation played a leading role in discussions on virtual assets.Ruslan Ostroumov, the Head of Kazakhstan’s Financial Monitoring Agency, showcased the country’s legislative regulations and robust measures to combat the illegal turnover of digital assets. Ostroumov reported the blocking of 980 illegal cryptocurrency exchange platforms in the current year. Additionally, nine investigations into illegal exchange operations, amounting to $36.7 million, have been initiated, accompanied by ongoing preventive measures.Registration process complexityWhile the seminar’s organizers commended Kazakhstan for its proactive stance against financial crimes in the virtual assets space, the country’s crypto laws have added complexity to the registration process for exchanges.In November, the Kazakhstani authorities blocked local access to the Coinbase website due to potential violations of the country’s digital asset legislation. This decision aligned with the law on digital assets, effective since February 2023, which prohibits the issuance and trading of digital currencies and cryptocurrency exchange businesses without proper licensing.While challenges remain for crypto platforms within Kazakhstan, some have been successful in their efforts. In May, crypto derivatives trading platform Bybit was successful in gaining approval to offer its services within the country. Binance followed suit in June, securing preliminary approval. Other platforms such as CaspianEx, Biteeu, ATAIX, Upbit, Xignal and MT have been granted permission to conduct trade in Kazakhstan.In December 2020, Kazakhstan formally legalized cryptocurrency mining, and on May 6, 2021, the National Bank of Kazakhstan announced plans to issue a “digital tenge,” their version of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). Various CBDC-related projects have followed. In September, the National Payment Corporation, an entity which will be responsible for CBDC development, was launched. The same month, the National Bank of Kazakhstan entered into a collaboration with financial messaging service SWIFT to work on an interoperable CBDC connector.For the most part, these comprehensive regulations and the issuance of a CBDC signify Kazakhstan’s broader acceptance and adaptation to the cryptocurrency landscape. Authorities internationally are trying to find a balance between adequate regulation and enabling innovation to take place. Kazakhstan is no exception, and with that, there are bound to be challenges as regulatory frameworks are optimized and tweaked along the way.

Nomura Subsidiary Achieves In-Principle Approval in Abu DhabiThe digital assets subsidiary of Japanese financial services conglomerate Nomura has been granted in-principle approval by the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) to offer broker-dealer and asset/fund management services for both digital and traditional assets.Photo by Belinda Fewings on UnsplashPreliminary license to tradeThe development is a shot in the arm for Laser Digital Asset Management while serving to highlight Abu Dhabi’s growing prominence as a global center for digital assets, attracting prominent players such as Binance and Kraken.Led by CEO Jez Mohideen, Laser Digital is now on the path toward securing full financial services authorization in Abu Dhabi, subject to meeting undisclosed conditions specified in the approval. The company is enthusiastic about the ADGM’s transparent and comprehensive regulatory framework.Speaking to that, Mohideen stated: “We are thrilled to be part of their comprehensive and clear regulatory framework, which is creating a global hub for digital assets.”International free zoneThe ADGM, an international financial free zone situated in Abu Dhabi, covers nearly 15 square kilometers across two islands. It hosts a registration authority, regulatory authority, and a court system functioning under common law principles. This favorable regulatory ecosystem has been instrumental in attracting digital asset firms to establish a presence in the UAE’s capital.Laser Digital’s approval follows a series of recent cryptocurrency-related approvals in Abu Dhabi. Zodia Markets, backed by UK bank Standard Chartered, was recently granted permission to operate as a crypto broker, adding to the growing list of companies making strides in the region.Binance, one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges, received in-principle approval from the ADGM in April 2022 and subsequently obtained full financial services permission in November of the same year. Kraken, along with firms like UAE-based M2 and Bahrain-based Rain, have also received permissions to operate within the ADGM in recent years.Building on Dubai achievementLaser Digital’s approval in Abu Dhabi comes on the heels of its earlier achievement of obtaining an operating license from Dubai’s Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA). Alongside these regulatory milestones, Laser Digital introduced an institutional Bitcoin Adoption Fund in August. Despite its relatively short existence since its establishment in September 2022, the firm has made significant strides.Nomura’s engagement extends beyond Laser Digital, as it is also part of the Komainu joint venture alongside cryptocurrency firms CoinShares and Ledger. Komainu secured its operating license from Dubai’s VARA in August, contributing to the expanding community of crypto-focused businesses in the region.It is worth noting the UAE’s diversified approach to cryptocurrency regulation, offering five distinct regulatory regimes for cryptocurrencies, including the ADGM and VARA. Legal experts from White & Case have recently assessed these regulatory frameworks, highlighting the UAE’s commitment to fostering a progressive and well-regulated environment for digital assets.Nomura’s Laser Digital is well-positioned to play a pivotal role in the digital asset sector in Abu Dhabi, given that it’s leveraging the favorable regulatory environment of the ADGM and the UAE’s dedication to becoming a global digital asset hub.

Thailand’s capital markets supervisory agency, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), is preparing to launch a trading system, built on distributed ledger technology (DLT), to enable securities firms to trade tokenized securities.Photo by allPhoto Bangkok on PexelsTokenized investments gaining tractionThat’s according to a report published on Feb. 3 by Bangkok-based English language newspaper, the Bangkok Post. Jomkwan Kongsakul, deputy secretary-general of Thailand’s SEC, said that tokenized investments are gaining traction. With that, the development will give the regulator experience in supervision of the latest digital-era markets. The move is also seen as an indication to securities firms of the acceptability of DLT-based tokenized trading from a regulatory perspective in Thailand. The regulator plans to sign off on permitting securities firms to trade digital tokens, bootstrapping digital token trading through accessing the large investor bases of these firms. Commenting on the initiative, Jomkwan Kongsakul stated: “The SEC is leveraging technology to enhance efficiency in the capital market by promoting an electronic securities ecosystem,” while “new regulations will be launched to facilitate the issuance of electronic securities and online purchases of debentures.” Debentures are unsecured debt instruments issued by companies to raise funds. Efficient primary & secondary market tradingThe proposed system will incorporate primary and secondary market trading of fully digitized bonds. Other features will include investor registration and multiple blockchain support with the inclusion of blockchain interoperability capabilities. It is as yet unclear which blockchains the platform will be built around. Speaking on that topic, the SEC executive stated: “In the future, there may be multiple chains for trade. Trading through DLT on all systems is connected by a shared ledger, which is expected to be completed soon.” In its preparations to launch the system, the Thai SEC has approved four digital token projects thus far. Two more projects are understood to be at the review stage. The focus is being placed on green tokens and investment-based projects. The regulator believes that through tokenization, greater efficiency and liquidity can be achieved. There’s a delay of between seven and 14 days before bonds, which have been bought on the primary market, can be traded on a secondary market. Tokenization can help to resolve this issue.  Furthermore, where bonds are too expensive for investors or too illiquid, tokenization can help in both cases, broadening access to the range of products available to the investing public. In addition to this latest news, a number of positive signs have arisen from Thailand with respect to digital assets in recent weeks. It emerged last month that the SEC is considering approving spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) within the Southeast Asian nation.  Related to that development, SEC Secretary-General Pornanong Budsaratragoon said that the agency has “to adapt and ensure that our investors have more options in crypto assets with proper protection.” Last month, comments made regarding cryptocurrency by Thailand’s former Prime Minister, Thaksin Shinawatra, were quite positive. He called on the SEC to enable the trading of stablecoins. Since then, Thailand’s Minister of Finance, Pichai Chunhavajira, discussed plans to issue a stablecoin that would be based on the Thai Baht and backed by government bonds.