Korea Insurance Institute eyes Bitcoin treasury move

HSBC and Ant Group advance blockchain-based tokenized deposit systemThe Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC), the largest bank in Hong Kong, and Ant Group, China’s leading financial conglomerate, have successfully conducted tests in a sandbox environment facilitated by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) to explore the potential of tokenized deposits.Photo by Robert Bye on UnsplashIssue, transfer and redemption of tokenized depositsAccording to Cointelegraph, the primary objective of this collaborative effort was to assess a system for issuing, transferring and redeeming tokenized deposits. The trial aimed to gauge the capacity of tokenized deposits to provide for greater efficiency, allowing for real-time treasury fund transfers for corporate accounts within the HSBC network to transpire seamlessly at any hour, 24/7.HSBC expressed its excitement regarding the results, stating that it will open avenues for future research on how blockchain technology and tokenization can drive efficiencies and innovations in corporate treasury management.The test harnessed a blockchain platform developed by Ant Group, leveraging the support of Ant Group’s banking partners. These partners played a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency of treasury fund transfers by reducing turnaround times, increasing cost efficiency and improving overall visibility.Vincent Lau, Global Head of Emerging Payments and Global Payments Solutions at HSBC, emphasized the bank’s keen interest in integrating tokenized deposits and other financial innovations into its future strategy. This approach is designed to streamline and optimize treasury management services for its clients.Crypto and blockchain project involvementHSBC has maintained a proactive stance in exploring the potential of blockchain technology. The bank has participated in numerous initiatives related to central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), notably Project mBridge, a multi-CBDC platform developed by SWIFT. This initiative supports real-time, peer-to-peer, cross-border payments and foreign exchange transactions using CBDCs.It emerged earlier this year that HSBC was collaborating with the HKMA on its e-HKD CBDC pilot program. Part of that project implicated the use of tokenization relative to real world assets (RWAs), an area that the real-time gross settlement platform Ripple was providing expertise on.In June, HSBC took a significant step by launching local cryptocurrency services in Hong Kong, which included support for trading Bitcoin and Ether exchange-traded funds (ETFs) listed on Hong Kong’s stock exchange. The supported products encompass the CSOP Bitcoin Futures ETF, CSOP Ethereum Futures ETF and Samsung Bitcoin Futures Active ETF.In the same month, the HKMA encouraged HSBC alongside Standard Chartered to provide banking service support to fledgling crypto businesses in Hong Kong, having identified an issue with the extension of banking services to the sector within the Chinese autonomous territory. Meanwhile, Ant Group has been central to the progression of blockchain technology within China.HSBC’s expansion into crypto-related services aligns with the growing interest in digital assets, occurring in the aftermath of the launch of retail crypto trading in Hong Kong on June 1.

Japanese blockchain infrastructure firm Soramitsu has been contracted by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) to work on a pilot program for the digital Pakistani rupee. Pakistan originally announced its intention to pursue a central bank digital currency (CBDC) or digital rupee back in 2019. However, unlike other Asian nations such as China, Cambodia and Thailand, it has not taken much action to progress such a digital currency since then.SBP Governor Jameel Ahmad spoke at the Reuters NEXT Asia Summit in Singapore last month, outlining that the South Asian country was moving towards the establishment of a digital rupee and “building up [its] capacity” to launch it, and that a pilot project would be the next step. According to a report published by Nikkei Asia on Aug. 12, that pilot project is now underway.Photo by Hamid Roshaan on UnsplashCBDC specialistSoramitsu already has a wealth of experience in this field. In 2023, it signed a memorandum of understanding with the Laotian central bank to launch a proof-of-concept CBDC project, with the Tokyo-headquartered company going on to play a pivotal role in the issuance of Laos’ Digital Lao Kip.In Cambodia, it partnered with the National Bank of Cambodia to bring about the establishment of Bakong, Cambodia’s CBDC-like payment system. The company is also involved in CBDC projects in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, while spearheading a project aimed at enabling seamless cross-border payments among Asian countries. Japanese fundingIn the case of Pakistan’s pilot project, Soramitsu’s CBDC platform will facilitate the digital rupee while funding is being provided by the Global South Future-Oriented Co-Creation Project, an initiative from Japan’s Ministry of Economy that seeks to promote the formation of co-creation business models. Infrastructure, such as the internet and power, can be unstable in some parts of Pakistan. Consequently, the proposed CBDC will incorporate the ability for the user to transact with it using their smartphone, even if the phone doesn’t have an active internet connection. Digital transformationMasato Toriya, an associate professor at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies and an expert on Pakistan, outlined the behavioral change that would be required in getting Pakistanis in rural areas to use such a currency. He stated: “Many transactions in rural areas are cash-based, even for wage payments, and the rate of people with bank accounts is low."  However, cash-based systems have significant overheads, and it's thought that a CBDC could reduce such costs considerably. Last month, the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics published an article written by Dr. Ahmed Fraz, an assistant professor of finance with the organization, in which he claimed that the digital rupee pilot project is part of a “profound digital transformation” that Pakistan is moving towards.  Dr. Fraz asserted that a CBDC would enhance financial inclusion in Pakistan through the reduction of transaction fees, digitization of welfare payments and the financial inclusion of millions of unbanked citizens within the formal economy.He added that the digital rupee “is not intended to replace existing payment systems immediately but to complement platforms” and to modernize Pakistan’s financial architecture.

Following the recent bitcoin boom, transactions in cryptocurrencies among Korean investors have surged, significantly benefiting local banks that have made contracts with Korean crypto exchanges to offer real-name accounts for crypto investors. As the price of bitcoin soared to as high as KRW 90 million ($67.6 million) in Korea on Thursday, online-only bank Kbank saw an uptick in trading fee revenue, according to local media outlet The Seoul Economic Daily. Kbank is a partner with crypto exchange Upbit, which accounts for 70% of the Korean crypto market.  Under the current law, Korean crypto exchanges offering trading against Korean won must secure real-name accounts from a bank. These banks typically earn fees of KRW 300 to KRW 1,000 per transaction. Currently, other than Kbank, NongHyup Bank offers real-name accounts to Bithumb, Kakaobank to Coinone, Shinhan Bank to Korbit and Jeonbuk Bank to Gopax.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashCrypto trading volume up 68.2% in a monthAccording to Xangle, a crypto data intelligence platform, the total crypto trading volume in Korea rose by 68.2% between the last week of January and the last week of February, rising from KRW 2.39 trillion to KRW 40.2 trillion. During the same period, the daily average trading volume also grew from around KRW 4 trillion to KRW 5.7 trillion.   In particular, the bitcoin trading volume on Upbit surged to 19,254 BTC on Feb. 28, reaching the second-highest level since Nov. 10, 2022, when the asset’s trading volume stood at 20,710 BTC. After signing the real-name account contract with Upbit in 2020, Kbank raked in KRW 29.2 billion in fees during the last bull market of 2021, which was equivalent to 14% of its annual interest income of KRW 198 billion and exceeded its net income for the year, which stood at KRW 22.5 billion. Increased bank deposits from exchange usersKbank also saw a substantial rise in its balance sheet, with Upbit users depositing around KRW 2.94 trillion into their real-name accounts. The sum is six times greater than the deposits made into NongHyup Bank by Bithumb users, which stood at KRW 547.1 billion.  Experts see that the surge in Kbank’s user base, which recently surpassed 10 million users, is largely attributed to growing excitement surrounding bitcoin. One crypto insider said that crypto trading fees, which have been on the decline for the past 2 years, could take a turn this year, signaling further gains for the affiliated banks.