Japan moves to fold crypto into mainstream finance

DigiFT, a Singapore-based regulated exchange for real-world assets (RWAs), has brought its latest product offering to the digital asset market by introducing its U.S. Treasury bill depository receipt (DR) tokens. These tokens offer investors fractional ownership in U.S. Treasury bills, providing an avenue to engage with the traditionally secure U.S. debt market without requiring significant upfront capital, as detailed in a press release issued by the company on Monday.Photo by Karolina Grabowska on PexelsDemocratizing market accessThe conventional route to investing in U.S. Treasury bills typically demands substantial financial resources. DigiFT's DR tokens aim to democratize access to this market by enabling investors to purchase fractional shares of these bills. Henry Zhang, the founder and CEO of DigiFT, highlighted the innovative nature of the DR structure, noting its capacity to address challenges within the current market and empower investors with direct ownership of assets and returns. Zhang emphasized the company's intent to expand the scope of traditional financial assets in the Web3 space, leveraging the DR model to enhance investor protection and transparency. The DigiFT U.S. Treasury Tokens (DRUST) represent the inaugural offering in a series under the DR structure. These DR tokens, a type of security token, offer fractional ownership of an underlying asset. In the case of DigiFT, these tokens are specifically backed by U.S. Treasury bills, providing investors with exposure to the secure US debt market. Each DRUST token is directly backed by AA+ rated, highly liquid and short-term U.S. Treasury Bills, offering stability and tailor-made solutions for stablecoin issuers and Web3 product developers seeking regulatory-compliant treasury and cash management options. Pursuing regulatory complianceIn its latest announcement DigiFT has outlined its intention to pursue regulatory compliance, a facet intended to instill confidence and assurance among investors. Having been established in 2021 and previously operating within the Monetary Authority of Singapore's (MAS) FinTech Regulatory Sandbox, DigiFT obtained a Capital Markets Services (CMS) license and was acknowledged as a Recognised Market Operator (RMO) in December 2023. By adhering to regulations, DigiFT aims to simplify the investment process and broaden accessibility for investors. DigiFT highlights that institutional and accredited investors can access DRUST tokens from authorized self-custodial wallets using fiat currency or stablecoins, providing flexibility and convenience. Growing popularityThe growing popularity of tokenized funds, particularly those tied to U.S. treasuries, is evident in recent reports. Moody’s revealed a surge in the value of tokenized funds, driven by the increasing tokenization of U.S. treasuries. Both public and private blockchains are witnessing the inclusion of various assets, reflecting a broader trend toward asset tokenization. Tokenized funds offer numerous benefits, including enhanced liquidity, accessibility, reduced costs, fractionalization, decreased reliance on intermediaries, shortened settlement times, automated processes through smart contracts and improved transparency. Last June, Hong Kong-based cryptocurrency firm Finblox provided details of a tokenized version of U.S. Treasury Bills it has been working on. In November, the Bureau of the Treasury in the Philippines announced the issuance of one-year tokenized bonds to the value of $179 million. Binance Research has identified real-world asset tokenization as a key theme in crypto for 2024, noting its potential to improve transparency and efficiency by bringing off-chain assets onto blockchain networks.

Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) has moved recently to address concerns related to peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions while in a separate development, the country’s GameFi community is calling for regulatory change to enable greater liquidity. The two distinct developments both relate to getting the balance right in terms of crypto regulation from the perspectives of regulators and lawmakers and crypto sector entrepreneurs and participants.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashAddressing concernsIt emerged last week that the FSA had proposed a number of measures to safeguard users against “unlawful transactions,” causing alarm that any such moves would inhibit the P2P transactions market. Responding to a query from Cointelegraph, the FSA elaborated that its recommendation does not encompass "transactions from one individual to another." Instead, it aims to bolster measures against illicit money transfers, particularly instances where an individual deposits cash from their bank account into an account belonging to a crypto asset exchange service provider. The regulator clarified that under the new recommendations, banks would intercept suspicious transactions where the sender seeks to alter their name for the purpose of depositing funds into the crypto platform. The FSA outlined that this situation arises where a fraudster convinces an innocent exchange user to effect the name change, so that exchange rules can be circumvented and the fraudster can receive funds from the scam victim. According to the FSA, numerous financial institutions have already implemented these measures, although the agency has not received any reports of specific cases raising concerns regarding crypto asset markets. Notably, the FSA emphasizes that its recommendations are not universally mandated for all financial institutions, with banks expected to devise and implement measures tailored to their specific circumstances. Solving crypto market liquidity issuesWith that clarification, it appears that the measures won’t have the negative impact on P2P crypto markets as many market participants originally feared. Meanwhile, in a distinct development, Japan's blockchain gaming community has approached the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) to seek assistance in bolstering liquidity within Japan's crypto asset market. Taking to the X social media platform on Wednesday, Ryo Matsubara, director of Oasys, a GameFi blockchain, outlined that he had visited the LDP's digital society promotion headquarters on behalf of Japanese blockchain gaming projects to raise concerns about stringent regulations impeding liquidity in Japan, which directly impedes the growth of the GameFi ecosystem. Matsubara advocates for regulations that incentivize safe cryptocurrency investment, positing that increased liquidity, marked by a surge in buyers and sellers, could result from such measures. Oasys intends to continue collaborating with the government to enhance Japan's global competitiveness in the Web3 market, with Matsubara expressing confidence in Japan's potential to reclaim its illustrious gaming legacy on Web3. While Japan initially harbored skepticism toward crypto adoption, its stance has softened in recent times. Matsubara acknowledged the positive impact of a recent crypto-related tax reform which was enacted in December. In September 2023, the Japanese government commenced planning to permit startups to raise public funds through crypto asset issuance. That bill was approved last week and now goes forward to the Japanese parliament for further deliberation. These recent developments demonstrate that Japan is navigating regulatory complexities as it seeks to balance innovation with consumer protection in the burgeoning crypto space.

Bhutan Quietly Mining Bitcoin Since $5,000The tiny nation of Bhutan continues to be full of surprises recently where crypto is concerned, with the latest report suggesting that the kingdom has been mining bitcoin for a number of years already.© Pexels/Pema GyamtshoAccording to a recent report in The Bhutanese, a Bhutan-based publication led by investigative journalist, Tenzing Lamsing, the landlocked nation had been mining bitcoin over the course of a “few years” already, in an effort to diversify its sovereign portfolio.Long-term investment strategyUjjwal Deep Dahal, CEO of Druk Holding and Investments (DHI), told the publication that the venture was part of a long-term investment strategy. DHI is the commercial arm of the Royal Government of Bhutan. It was formed pursuant to a Royal Charter in 2007 with the mandate of making investments on behalf of Bhutan while optimizing usage of resources.The mining activity had centered on Bitcoin although there was a small provision for Ethereum-based mining when Ethereum was a mineable proof-of-work (PoW)-based blockchain network. It’s unclear of the precise timeline but the report outlines that DHI has engaged in the mining space over a number of years, and at a time in which the Bitcoin unit price was as low as $5,000.Exploiting cheap hydroNestled in the Himalayas, Bhutan has considerable hydroelectric resources. Bitcoin mining is ordinarily an expensive exercise but in scenarios where there are plentiful energy resources with a marginally cheaper cost of production than the average, it can be an attractive and profitable enterprise. Dahal outlined that these conditions enabled DHI to reinvest profits back into additional mining equipment.The precise time-frame of DHIs entry into Bitcoin mining is open to speculation. However, we do know that the Bitcoin unit price was last below $5,000 at the onset of the pandemic in March 2020. Prior to that, Bitcoin had risen above $5,000 in April 2019 following an acute bear market in 2018.Crypto lender entanglementsBhutan and DHI hit the crypto radar last month when it was revealed that the kingdom had made significant investments into and out of failed crypto lenders Celsius and BlockFi. Dahal has said that the royal charter-mandated firm had taken out loans with both crypto lenders and had fully repaid those loans. However, that may have been something that happened later than anticipated. The Bhutanese company had a $30 million loan from BlockFi. BlockFi liquidated the Bitcoin collateral associated with that loan in 2022 but it left a shortfall of $800,000. The failed lender subsequently sued DHI. As of an April 13 court filing, BlockFi submitted a voluntary dismissal of the lawsuit to the courts, presumably because the shortfall was subsequently paid by DHI.In the case of Celsius, DHI had withdrawn $65 million from the lending platform prior to it declaring bankruptcy. Consequently, the matter has been the subject of speculation relative to the potential for the Celsius bankruptcy estate to pursue DHI for a clawback of the withdrawn funds.