Korbit hosts its first cryptocurrency investment league

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.

U.S. crypto fund targets Asian investors for new $800M growth equity fundDan Tapiero, the New York-based founder of 1RoundTable Partners and 10T Holdings, is on a mission to raise between $700 million and $800 million for his upcoming fourth fund, with a recent focus on Asian investment interest.A recent report by Deal Street Asia pointed out that Tapiero has turned his attention to the potential of inward Asian investment, not least through his recent one-week business trip to the region in early December.Photo by Towfiqu barbhuiya on UnsplashInvestment vehicles1RoundTable Partners was Tapiero’s original investment vehicle, positioning itself as a growth equity fund building a portfolio focused exclusively on growth-stage blockchain and crypto projects. 10T Holdings was established more recently, targeting mid to late stage digital asset ecosystem (DAE) firms as part of its equity fund. Earlier this year, 10T was reported by Bloomberg to have $1.2 billion under management while seeking another $200 million in new funding.10T Holdings has fully deployed its three previous funds, forming a portfolio of 24 active DAE companies, including Gemini, Animoca Brands, Yuga Labs and Deribit. Tapiero’s cautious approach to valuations has been rewarded. He turned down opportunities in FTX and Celsius Network at their peaks prior to both entities failing spectacularly in 2022.Crypto equity fund resilienceThe crypto industry faced challenges, including the collapse of FTX, leading to tighter regulations and reputational damage. Venture investments in the sector saw a decline, with statistics from Galaxy Digital Holdings indicating that Q3 2023’s venture investments were below $2 billion, the lowest since Q4 2020.Tapiero is undeterred and is actively raising his fourth growth equity fund, focusing on “digital asset ecosystem (DAE) companies.” This fund, managed under 1RoundTable Partners, will primarily invest in mature DAE companies with $40–50 million in annual revenue and a market valuation exceeding $400 million. Tapiero’s strategy of targeting lower-risk, growth-stage opportunities aligns with his hedge fund legacy.Asian investor focusTapiero is actively seeking new investors in Asia for Fund IV, targeting a first close in Q1 2024. His efforts are focused on addressing the lack of growth-stage capital, particularly in Asia, where confidence in digital assets has strengthened due to crypto-friendly regulations.The veteran macro investor, who founded Gold Bullion International in 2009 prior to turning his attention to the digital assets space, sees a window of opportunity in the secondary market. Having already invested about $660 million through 10T Holdings, he notes that investors may have only a “six-month window” to capture discounted opportunities.In an interview with Bloomberg earlier this month, Tapiero outlined his view that Q4, 2023 will be the crypto sector’s “best quarter since the bull market.” He added:“We think that the bear market finished in Q4 2022. We had a sideways move for a while and then in July [2023] things sparked off with Larry Fink’s [BlackRock CEO] comments.”As Tapiero navigates the crypto landscape with a strategic focus on growth and risk management, his approach appeals to traditional investors, including major pension funds. Fund IV represents a step toward contributing to the ongoing evolution of the digital asset ecosystem. It’s on that basis that the investment industry veteran is targeting Asian limited partnerships (LPs).

South Korean blockchain research firm Four Pillars has secured KRW 700 million (approximately $527,000) in investment funds from Kakao Ventures, Hashed and Bass Investment, according to South Korean news site Coin Readers on Tuesday.Photo by Precondo CA on UnsplashEmpowering blockchain venturesLed by a team of industry experts, Four Pillars is dedicated to supporting companies that aim to develop blockchain projects and successfully bring their business to the market. It conducts research based on its technological expertise and experience in blockchain collaborations, providing customized solutions based on each client’s circumstances. It aims to save time and money for companies looking to enter the blockchain market by providing comprehensive and relevant insights on cryptocurrency basics, the blockchain industry, regulations and market analyses, rather than simply listing information. Rapid growth and strategic partnershipsSince its establishment last year, the research platform has attracted more than 30,000 visitors per month on average in just two months. The company has also signed an agreement with Japanese publishing agency Gentosha to publish a Japanese version of its content. Other partners include the layer 1 blockchain Sei Network, Web3 gaming platform Iskra, tech juggernaut LINE’s blockchain Finschia, and Korean telecommunications provider SKT's digital T Wallet.  Before securing the recent investment, the Four Pillars team was recognized for collaborating with various developers on global blockchain projects and receiving a research sponsorship from the dYdX Foundation, a decentralized protocol operator known for being highly selective when offering sponsorships. "The core members of Four Pillars, including CEO Kim Nam-woong, are among the few people in the Korean crypto scene who can bring unique insights to research," said Brian Jang, Director at Kakao Ventures. "Based on their unrivaled research capabilities, we expect them to grow rapidly while connecting domestic and international protocols and corporate needs to business outcomes." Bridging markets, breaking barriersAs trends in the global blockchain market change at a rapid pace, the importance of high-quality, relevant research is amplified, even more so than in the era of Web2. However, information tends to be scattered across platforms, making it overwhelmingly difficult for companies to utilize it in their business endeavors. This is also one of the key reasons why overseas companies have a hard time navigating their entry into the Korean market with their limited knowledge of market trends or conditions. The same can be said for Korean companies who want to launch their businesses overseas. By bridging Korean and overseas companies and projects, Four Pillars aims to resolve this widespread information asymmetry in the ever-growing blockchain industry and establish its foothold as a global research firm. This is reminiscent of Delphi Digital, a U.S.-based crypto research firm founded in 2018 that quickly expanded and established a global Web3 accelerator service called Delphi Labs.  The Four Pillars team also aims to dedicate the investment funds towards accelerating its efforts in talent acquisition, product development and continued research. In the future, the company plans to boost diverse blockchain projects and contribute to the participation of various stakeholders in the blockchain ecosystem.  "Our priority and goal is to create a developer-friendly environment by leveraging the high-quality research and products that we provide at Four Pillars," the firm’s CEO said. "We will lower the barriers to entry for blockchain and grow the entire Web3 market by making it more suitable for both users and developers."