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Strengthened KYC Spurs More Suspicious Transaction Reports from Korean Crypto ExchangesIn South Korea this year, there has been a significant surge in the number of suspicious transaction reports (STRs) related to cryptocurrencies, according to local news agency Yonhap.This increase is primarily attributed to cryptocurrency exchanges fortifying their Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures. This proactive response follows the controversy surrounding lawmaker Kim Nam-kuk’s significant virtual asset holdings, which were unveiled in May. His scandal came to light when a substantial amount of WEMIX tokens, valued in billions of Korean won, were transferred from the Bithumb exchange to the Upbit exchange. Upbit, deeming it a suspicious transaction, promptly reported the matter to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC).Photo by ron dyar on UnsplashGrowing number of suspicious transaction reportsAs the scandal continued to gain traction, the political realm reached a consensus to conduct investigations into the cryptocurrency holdings of all lawmakers. Additionally, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea initiated the tracking of all lawmakers’ cryptocurrency holdings last month, a process set to span 90 days.Data received by lawmaker Yoon Young-deok on October 30 from the FIU reveals that the number of STRs originating from virtual asset service providers (VASPs) has reached 11,646 in the first nine months of this year. This figure has already exceeded last year’s total of 10,797 STRs.Under the current Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information, commonly referred to as the Financial Transaction Reporting Act, VASPs are mandated to report to the FIU if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that a customer’s financial transactions are connected to illicit property, money laundering, or terrorist financing. The Act has been in full effect since October 2021.In 2021, a total of 199 reports were submitted under this Act. The number of reports surged to over 10,000 the following year, and in the current year, it continues to grow at an even faster rate. The FIU reviews and analyzes these STRs in accordance with Article 10 of the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. It forwards the relevant information to law enforcement agencies only when it is deemed necessary for the investigation of a specific criminal case.Enhanced but varied approaches by exchangesCrypto exchanges have bolstered their customer verification requirements, especially for customers deemed to have a high risk of involvement in money laundering, in accordance with the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. This entails the need for additional scrutiny of the source of funds and the purpose behind transactions. Notably, if customer verification appears suspicious, exchanges are mandated to confirm the authenticity of the information using reliable documents.However, it’s important to note that the enforcement decree accompanying this Act grants exchanges the flexibility to verify documents based on their own business guidelines. This autonomy has been provided to assist exchanges in effectively mitigating money laundering risks by taking into account their individual business rights and characteristics.For instance, Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, has implemented a fraud detection system (FDS) powered by artificial intelligence to continuously monitor and identify fraudulent transactions. This initiative has earned Upbit recognition from the FIU as an outstanding organization for reporting suspicious transactions during the first half of this year.On the contrary, Bithumb has devised and applies internal guidelines dedicated to anti-money laundering (AML) measures. The exchange has instituted a streamlined customer verification process for customers who are assessed as having a low likelihood of being engaged in money laundering activities. However, this simplified process is not extended to individuals from countries that have not adopted the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).Korbit monitors information related to customer verification through a dedicated department. It declines transactions for customers who have not undergone sufficient verification and validation procedures.Coinone’s AML department examines customer transactions comprehensively. It maintains ongoing reviews of customer information, business operations, risk assessments, and the source of funds. If any of these aspects are found to be suspicious or inadequate, the AML department proceeds with additional customer verification, including the disclosure of the source of funds.Some raise concerns about the inconsistency in customer verification standards for AML and STRs across different exchanges. When one exchange flags a transaction as suspicious, another might see it as routine. Such discrepancies highlight the need for uniform guidelines. Addressing this, the Digital Asset eXchange Association (DAXA), consisting of Korea’s five leading currency exchanges — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax — has set up an AML division to devise standardized rules for STRs.

Crypto.com, the Singapore-headquartered cryptocurrency exchange platform, has outlined that it has seen significant growth thanks to high-profile sports sponsorship and advertising. Reaping the rewardsThe company has established advertising partnerships with Formula 1 (F1) motor racing and the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). These lucrative sponsorship deals have propelled the exchange into the spotlight of two massive fan bases, contributing to its expansion. In an interview with Cointelegraph last week, Eric Anziani, president and chief operating officer of Crypto.com, discussed the company's successful advertising campaigns with F1 and the UFC, as well as its naming rights deal for the Crypto.com Arena in downtown Los Angeles. In 2021, what was then the Staples Center was renamed to the Crypto.com Arena in a $700 million naming rights deal. Anziani expressed gratitude for these partnerships, emphasizing the importance of staying top of mind for users in the competitive cryptocurrency market.  That same year, the company signed a multi-year partnership deal with leading French football club Paris Saint-Germain (PSG), rolling out various PSG-related marketing activities since then.Photo by Austin Loveing on UnsplashBrand recognition benefitsMarket surveys conducted by Crypto.com indicate a high level of global awareness and brand recognition among retail cryptocurrency users. The exchange's logo prominently displayed during F1 races and UFC events has helped it reach millions of fans worldwide. ESPN reports an average of 1.11 million viewers per race for the 2023 F1 season in the United States alone, with global viewership exceeding one billion over the entire race calendar. Similarly, the UFC boasts a global audience, with some of its biggest fights attracting millions of pay-per-view viewers. Anziani highlighted the effectiveness of these partnerships in bringing people into the cryptocurrency space.  User base approaching 100 millionThese partnerships have significantly contributed to Crypto.com's growing user base, which is approaching 100 million users in 2024, up from an estimated 80 million in the previous year. Anziani discussed the factors that drive users' choice of exchange platforms, emphasizing the importance of compliance, security, convenient access to cryptocurrency and competitive fees. He noted that different users prioritize different aspects based on their trading preferences and requirements. The firm is not alone in pursuing high-profile sports sponsorship deals. Rival platform OKX has an ongoing sponsorship deal in place with Manchester City Football Club in the English Premier League (EPL). It also has doubled down recently on the sponsorship of F1 racing team McLaren. Other notable partnerships include crypto gambling platform Stake.com’s sponsorship of Sauber F1, crypto exchange platform Kraken’s deal with Williams F1 and BingX’s sleeve sponsorship agreement with Chelsea football club in the EPL. High-profile marketing initiatives are alive and well, although in a much more sober way than in 2022 when six crypto companies featured in Super Bowl advertising in the United States. Kraken’s chief marketing officer, Mayur Gupta, recently stated that the Super Bowl is no longer an effective means of promotion for crypto companies.  

South Korean financial regulators have decided, at least for the time being, to maintain the current policy requiring cryptocurrency exchanges to partner with only one bank, according to a report from the Seoul Economic Daily.Photo by POURIA 🦋 on UnsplashDominance and money laundering concernsA government official cited concerns that allowing multiple banking relationships could potentially strengthen market dominance by leading platforms and increase money laundering risks. Regulators plan to revisit the issue after monitoring new developments following upcoming regulations that will permit institutional participation in the crypto market. This decision runs counter to a recent proposal put forward by the People Power Party (PPP) ahead of the presidential election that seeks to eliminate the one-bank-per-exchange requirement. Bizwatch reported that while the crypto industry initially supported the removal of this restriction unanimously, opinions have recently diverged among market participants. Divided industryMajor exchanges offering Korean won-based trading are mostly against the potential policy change. Except for Upbit, the country's largest platform, competitors express concern that modifying the rules could weaken their existing banking relationships if more financial institutions choose to partner with the market leader. Conversely, crypto-only exchanges, which cannot offer Korean won trading services, generally favor eliminating banking restrictions. These platforms believe relaxed regulations could create more opportunities to establish banking partnerships. Under current rules, virtual asset service providers must secure real-name accounts from a local bank to offer Korean won trading, placing those without such accounts at a competitive disadvantage. Banks also want changeKorean commercial banks align with crypto-only exchanges in supporting the easing of banking regulations. Jung Jin-wan, CEO of key financial institution Woori Bank, recently called for allowing multiple banks to serve individual crypto exchanges. He argues that the current one-bank-per-exchange system not only undermines systemic stability but also limits customer choice. While an official from a crypto-to-fiat exchange acknowledged the need for eventual reform of the one-bank-per-exchange system to improve customer options and market development, they also pointed out that industry stakeholders hold different views depending on their position in the market. The official said that dominant platforms perceive minimal practical benefits from permitting multiple banking relationships.