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Research Finds Over 90% of Korean Cryptos Prone to Pump-and-Dump SchemesThe Korea Institute of Finance (KIF) has released a report revealing that 91.3% of South Korean-issued cryptocurrencies, known as “kimchi coins,” are prone to pump-and-dump (P&D) schemes. These schemes involve intentionally spreading false information on social media platforms to manipulate token prices. This is done with the intention of selling the tokens at artificially inflated prices.Photo by Maxim Hopman on UnsplashP&D prevalenceThese manipulative practices were frequently observed during the rapid growth of the cryptocurrency market from 2020 to 2022. Previous research papers indicate that P&D schemes commonly occur on multiple crypto exchanges and typically unfold within a time frame of 10 minutes. It has been observed that cryptocurrencies with lower liquidity and smaller market capitalization are particularly vulnerable to becoming prime targets for these schemes.Korean market and global marketThe Korean cryptocurrency market stands out with its significant number of cryptocurrencies listed on a single exchange, including kimchi coins. This distinction becomes evident when comparing it to the global market. In the Korean market, the top 10 global cryptocurrencies, ranked by their market capitalization, account for 59% of the total market share. Meanwhile, in the global market, they represent 84.9%. This contrast indicates that the Korean market has a larger proportion of alternative coins, also known as altcoins, which are more susceptible to pump-and-dump schemes and other manipulative activities.According to a survey conducted by the Financial Services Commission in the second half of 2022, there were a total of 625 listed coins (excluding duplicate listings), with 389 (62.24%) of them being listed on a single exchange. Among these single-exchange listed cryptos, 223 were kimchi coins, which is equivalent to 57%.OHLCV data analysisIn this KIF paper, research analyst Baik Yeon-ju delved into abnormal price patterns within the Korean cryptocurrency market. She analyzed the hourly Open-High-Low-Close-Volume (OHLCV) data of kimchi coins in October 2021. The study revealed that out of a total of 16,560 hourly price and volume observations, approximately 4.7% exhibited characteristics consistent with P&D schemes. Baik noted that 91.3% (21 of the 23) observed kimchi coins witnessed such movements.Legislative effortsMeanwhile, it is encouraging that the South Korean National Assembly passed the Virtual Asset User Protection Bill during its plenary session on June 30. This legislation, set to go effective in July next year, aims to provide protection for customers’ assets in the virtual asset space. The act not only establishes regulations to combat unfair trading practices but also enforces penalties for non-compliance.Call for further measuresHowever, Baik suggested that policies should be further strengthened to enhance investor protection within the crypto market. In order to achieve this, she proposed the implementation of a monitoring system for virtual asset service operators (VASPs) and the allocation of inspection and investigation personnel, as well as technical resources. It is also necessary to address potential conflicts that may arise with the Act on Real Name Financial Transactions and Confidentiality, particularly if the data required from VASPs falls under the classification of financial transaction information and personal information.Furthermore, considering the lack of transparency surrounding many altcoins regarding their projects and exchange listings, Baik suggests that the upcoming second virtual asset bill should tackle this issue by regulating the issuance and disclosure of these cryptocurrencies. Additionally, she highlighted the importance of conducting research based on empirical data to detect abnormal transactions. This approach enables the recognition of existing issues and the acquisition of concrete evidence, which serves as a credible basis for policymakers to enact relevant legislation.

Singapore Exchange Limited (SGX), the city-state’s primary asset exchange, is in the process of establishing Bitcoin perpetual futures trading on the platform.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashInstitutional product offeringAccording to a report published by Bloomberg earlier this week, the exchange platform intends to launch Bitcoin futures sometime during H2 2025. The product launch will be subject to regulatory approval from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). A spokesperson for the company told Bloomberg that the product offering will be geared exclusively towards institutional investors and traders in an effort to “significantly expand institutional market access.” Retail access to the product will be prohibited. Once launched, these Bitcoin perpetual futures contracts, being offered through a traditional finance (TradFi) outfit like SGX, will help to blur the lines between TradFi and the emerging crypto sector. Perpetual futures have no expiry date. They offer a means for traders to bet on price changes in an underlying asset while doing away with the need to take ownership of the asset itself. Cautious approachSGX has been cautious in listing crypto assets and derivative products. Last year the firm’s CEO, Loh Boon Chye, said that the time was not yet right for such listings.  His concern back then was that any such product launches would need “sustainable ecosystem support,” adding that “that means demand, that means governance, that means structure.” While spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) had been approved in the United States at that point, there has been much further development in the crypto-sphere since then, following the election of a pro-crypto administration in the U.S. That event has had knock-on effects globally. Singapore’s SGX isn’t the only traditional exchange platform to respond. Japanese futures exchange, the Osaka Dojima Exchange (ODEX), is gearing up to file an application with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) to list a Bitcoin futures product later this month. Closer to home, an American digital asset marketplace that focuses on institutional trading, EDX Markets, has plans to introduce Bitcoin perpetual futures products to the Singaporean market, according to a report which emerged in January. In May 2024, EDX launched EDXM Global, a settlement platform, in Singapore. This product launch by SGX serves the purposes of decision-makers in Singapore, who have been trying to position the city-state as a digital asset industry hub. Additionally, the move will bring greater acceptance of the digital assets sector from traditional market participants. Crypto perpetual futures contracts were first pioneered by crypto derivatives exchanges like BitMEX back in 2016. Since then, other crypto-native platforms like Binance and OKX have offered these products. In the case of unregulated offshore exchanges, the products have proven to be controversial, as at times, they have been used in a manner that has exposed market participants to counterparty risk. Failed crypto exchange FTX, together with its sister company Alameda Research, relied on the products in their trading activities. SGX, as a seasoned, regulated TradFi operator, which holds an Aa2 rating from Moody’s, is likely to prove to be a more palatable option for institutional players.

Singapore-regulated Telcoin, a developer of financial applications for mobile users, has successfully restored user balances following an exploit that saw approximately $1.2 million worth of funds transferred from affected accounts.Photo by Martin Sanchez on UnsplashUnauthorized withdrawal of assetsThe incident, which occurred in late December, was attributed to an error in the interaction between Telcoin's digital wallet and a proxy contract on Polygon. In a blog post which was published on Wednesday, the company shared a full post-mortem analysis report which it commissioned Hong Kong-based blockchain security firm BlockSec to carry out, relative to the exploit. The fault in the proxy contract's implementation caused a technical conflict that allowed for the unauthorized withdrawal of assets. Fortunately, no admin keys were compromised, ensuring that the broader Telcoin ecosystem remained unaffected. In response to the security breach, Telcoin took action by immediately freezing the use of its application as a precautionary measure. The team initiated an investigation and committed to releasing updates promptly to address the issue and restore normalcy. The identified address associated with the exploit was 0x35d2775e5f95596509951b140d68fc5b9185ff98. TEL token freefallDespite the initial market turbulence, with the price of the Telcoin (TEL) token plummeting, the cryptocurrency has demonstrated resilience. On Dec. 25, TEL fell from a peak price of $0.00235146 to $0.00122535, representing a 48% decrease. At the time of writing, the price has slightly rebounded, trading at $0.001335. Nevertheless, it's still down 40% over the course of the past month's trading. In a social media direct message to CoinDesk recently, Telcoin's founder and CEO, Paul Neuner, expressed pride in how his team responded to the issue, stating: “Making the decision to preemptively restore affected user wallets from our company treasury was a no-brainer, and I’m proud of the team for making that happen in record time.” Regulatory standingTelcoin's regulatory standing played a crucial role in instilling confidence during this challenging time. Although headquartered in Tokyo, the company is regulated in Singapore as a Major Payment Institution (MPI) by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). The firm is also registered and regulated in other global markets, including Canada and Australia. Telcoin maintains offices in Singapore, Tokyo, Dubai and Los Angeles. The company had been active in trying to shape regulation in the United States in 2023, with company executives having made repeated visits to Washington D.C. to meet with Financial Services Committee members and staffers on Capitol Hill. In April of last year, the company extended its service offering to the European market, starting out initially in Lithuania.It appears that the restoration of Telcoin's application services led to a significant boost in user confidence. The company reported a 400% increase in deposits compared to the previous month. Users responded favorably to Telcoin's swift resolution of the security breach, with a ratio of $3.60 being deposited for every $1 withdrawn in the first day since the service restoration. Telcoin's measures, collaboration with security experts and the surge in user deposits appear to have resulted in a resilient recovery. The saga highlights the importance of prompt and transparent responses in maintaining trust in the face of crypto security issues.