China’s Jiangsu Province Integrates Digital Yuan Into Education System

India’s judiciary turns down plea to formulate a crypto regulatory frameworkThe Indian courts have declined a consideration targeting the establishment of a regulatory framework for cryptocurrency trading, following a plea which had been brought to court by a petitioner.Photo by Naveed Ahmed on UnsplashBeyond the court’s purviewIndia’s Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Chandrachud, recently confronted a petition urging the establishment of a regulatory framework for cryptocurrency trading. According to a local media report, the bench, which included Justices JD Pardiwala and Manoj Misra, dismissed the plea, emphasizing that the demands presented were legislative and thus beyond the court’s direct action purview. This decision points to the judiciary’s recognition of its constraints in crafting laws, particularly in intricate domains like cryptocurrency.The petitioner, Manu Prashant Wig, a former director at Blue Fox Motion Picture Limited currently in custody due to allegations of cryptocurrency fraud, sought relief through a public interest litigation (PIL) for crypto trading regulations in India.The Economic Offence Wing (EOW) of the Delhi Police accused Wig in 2020 of deceiving investors with promises of high returns from crypto investments, involving 133 reported victims of the scheme. Despite this, during the hearing, the Supreme Court advised Wig to pursue legal remedies through appropriate channels, specifically for bail, underlining its inability to issue directives under Article 32 of the Constitution for legislative matters.Judiciary criticize governmentWhile the judiciary has found that it cannot act itself in putting in place a crypto regulatory framework, the Supreme Court has been critical of the government’s inaction on the matter. In July, India’s highest court criticized the Indian government for its failure to establish clear cryptocurrency regulations.Interestingly, while the government hasn’t acted locally, it has been making efforts to drive regulation at an international level instead. The status of cryptocurrency trading in India remains uncertain, with the country developing a regulatory framework influenced by recommendations from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Financial Stability Board (FSB), potentially leading to legal legislation within the next several months.Prime Minister Modi called on authorities internationally to establish a worldwide regulatory framework. At the recent G20 summit, it appears that member states did reach agreement on such a framework.The Supreme Court’s dismissal of the PIL marks a clear distinction between judicial and legislative responsibilities. As India moves closer to formulating a comprehensive crypto regulatory framework, this decision reinforces the imperative for legislative action to address mounting concerns and interests in the crypto market.Awaiting legislative actionThe outcome of these developments is keenly awaited by investors, legal experts and the crypto community, poised to shape the future landscape of cryptocurrency trading in India. The decision signifies the judiciary’s acknowledgment of its limitations and highlights the necessity for a legislative approach to effectively navigate the intricate landscape of cryptocurrency regulation.In this evolving scenario, the verdict amplifies the importance of a well-defined regulatory framework. As the world’s most populous country grapples with the delicate task of balancing innovation and investor protection, the Supreme Court’s decision places the ball firmly in the legislative court.

Korea’s financial regulator establishes dedicated units for crypto oversightThe Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) of South Korea revealed in a Wednesday (local time) press release that it is introducing new units specifically focused on virtual asset matters. This move is in anticipation of the upcoming implementation of the Virtual Asset User Protection Act scheduled for next July. The establishment of these dedicated organizations is a strategic step towards bolstering the integrity of the crypto market, with the goal of enhancing consumer protection.Photo by Ethan Brooke on UnsplashSupervision and investigation bureausThe newly established units will be known as the Virtual Asset Supervision Bureau and the Virtual Asset Investigation Bureau. These units are being created in response to the burgeoning crypto market.The Supervision Bureau will be responsible for extensive oversight of cryptocurrencies. Its roles will include supervising and inspecting virtual asset service providers (VASPs), monitoring market activities and enhancing policy and regulations in the sector. Additionally, the bureau is tasked with ensuring the effective implementation of these regulations and contributing to the promotion of market stability.The Investigation Bureau, the other key component of the new structure, will concentrate on identifying and addressing market abuse activities in the cryptocurrency sector, specifically targeting unfair trading practices.Until now, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC) has played a leading role in overseeing the crypto sector, primarily due to its responsibility in evaluating applications from VASPs.FSS’s greater role in crypto oversightThe FSS, on the other hand, has maintained a digital asset research team, which has been responsible for supporting virtual asset legislation, along with conducting market analysis and monitoring. However, the latest move is set to the FSS’s role in regulation and oversight within the crypto market.The Supervision Bureau will be under the leadership of Lee Hyun-duk, who currently serves as Head of Financial Investment Examination Department 2. Meanwhile, Moon Jung-ho, the present leader of Audit Oversight Department 1, will take charge of the Inspection Bureau. The process of appointing team members to these bureaus is scheduled to take place in early January.

A number of reports published by local Russian media in recent days suggest that the Russian authorities are implementing taxation and regional controls on cryptocurrency mining.Photo by Michael Parulava on UnsplashRegional mining banA report published by the Moscow Times on Nov. 19 suggests that Russia’s Deputy Prime Minister, Alexander Novak, has led a government commission that plans to implement a ban on cryptocurrency mining in specific Russian regions.  The authorities have been motivated in enacting such a ban in order to combat power shortages. With that, a ban is being implemented on a temporary basis during the heating season. The restrictions will apply to miners located within six regions within the North Caucasus, as well as the Zabaikalsky region in Siberia and territories now controlled by Russia in Ukraine. The ban will apply from December through to mid-March 2025, with this seasonal restriction to be applied subsequently each winter until 2031. Back in August, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed into law legislation which legitimized cryptocurrency mining within the Russian Federation. That law recognized mining activities and the concepts of mining pools and mining infrastructure operators. The legislation requires mining operators to register with the government. Individual miners can mine without registering so long as they stay within specified energy-use limits. Earlier this month, the authorities set a power consumption limit of 6,000 kWh per month for those unregistered miners.  The legislation also recognized the ability of stakeholders to trade in foreign digital assets on Russian blockchain platforms, with Russia’s central bank, the Bank of Russia, retaining the ability to ban specific digital assets from being traded if such trading is deemed to be a threat to Russia’s financial stability. 15% tax proposalEarlier this week Russia’s Interfax news agency reported that the Russian government had approved draft amendments to a bill concerned with the purchase and sale of digital currencies relative to crypto mining activity.  According to those proposed legislative amendments, digital assets will be classified as property from a taxation perspective. Income derived from mining activities will be assessed in terms of taxation based on market value at the time of receipt of the asset. The legislative amendments propose a 15% tax rate for cryptocurrencies. Furthermore, crypto transactions will not be subjected to value-added tax (VAT). However, income derived from such transactions will be taxable in the same way as income from transactions involving securities. Crypto mining operators will be permitted to deduct operating expenses from their taxable income. Russia’s Finance Ministry is understood to have clarified that the taxation approach would strike a balance between Russian government interests and those of commercial operators. With the introduction of legislation to recognize cryptocurrency mining activity earlier this year, Ki Young Ju, CEO of on-chain and market data analytics firm CryptoQuant, noted the country’s growing involvement and national-level engagement with digital assets. The coming months will determine if these latest crypto mining restrictions will dampen the level of involvement of Russia-based crypto miners.