Hong Kong broadens e-CNY testing with focus on cross-border payments

BIS Collaborates with Singapore’s MAS, Bringing CBDC Pilot to a CloseThe Bank for International Settlements (BIS) has recently signified the culmination of Project Mariana, a pilot initiative centered on exploring the cross-border trading and settlement of wholesale central bank digital currencies (CBDCs).Photo by Pixabay on PexelsUpdating financial market infrastructureThe bank of central banks published the findings of the project on Thursday. Conceived in partnership with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) alongside the central banks of France and Switzerland, the endeavor could have profound implications for the future landscape of financial market infrastructure.Project Mariana, conducted under the patronage of the BIS, harnessed principles gathered from the emerging world of DeFi to probe the viability of employing automated market makers (AMMs) for CBDC trading and settlement.The project involved three key facets:DeFi Ingenuity: Project Mariana took inspiration and cues from the DeFi universe, particularly AAMs, to streamline foreign exchange trading and settlement. This approach was designed to bolster market efficiency while curtailing settlement risks.Cross-Border CBDC Transactions: Hypothetical wholesale versions of the Swiss franc, euro, and Singapore dollar in CBDC form were tested for cross-border trading and settlement. The central banks of France, Singapore, and Switzerland orchestrated simulated transactions via AAMs to gauge feasibility.Interoperability and Token Standards: The project showcased the practical application of a standardized technical token format offered by a public blockchain, enabling seamless interoperability across various currencies. This interoperability element played a pivotal role in facilitating cross-border CBDC transactions.While the project represents a significant move forward for the BIS in its consideration of decentralized technology, the organization is still mindful that these decentralized tools are in their infancy and in need of further scrutiny and experimentation.With that, the BIS Innovation Hub has outlined its intent to further explore the prospective advantages and obstacles associated with DeFi-infused solutions within pertinent use cases going forward.Proof of conceptWhile the BIS and participating central banks were happy with the outcome of the project, the exercise was still a proof of concept and doesn’t mean there will be any immediate adoption of CBDCs by the participating nations.Rather, it spotlights the potentials of CBDCs and DeFi in streamlining financial transactions and enhancing efficiency. Central banks can oversee wholesale CBDCs without necessarily exerting control over the underlying infrastructure, thereby furnishing commercial banks with a potent tool for instantaneous FX trading and settlement while simultaneously mitigating credit and settlement risks.The project also shone a spotlight on certain challenges, including the logistical intricacies arising from the 24/7 availability of wholesale CBDCs. Nevertheless, the manifold advantages of instant foreign exchange trading and settlement appear to outweigh these hurdles.Central bankers are likely to want a different outcome from the use of this technology by comparison with those who are currently knee-deep in building out DeFi. One commentator on X had a cynical take on the project, stating: “Intermediaries attempting to justify their existence in an age with bitcoin.”Notwithstanding that, FX is the largest financial market in the world, where $7.5 trillion in value is traded every day. To utilize DeFi technology in that context would likely be profound, regardless of the nature of the application of the technology.

Recent weeks have seen a positive policy shift in Pakistan with regard to digital assets and blockchain and that initiative has gathered further momentum with the appointment of a special assistant on blockchain and crypto to the Pakistani prime minister and the allocation of 2,000 MW of surplus electricity to Bitcoin mining and AI data centers.Photo by Abuzar Xheikh on UnsplashOn May 26, the Pakistan Observer, an English language daily newspaper, reported that Bilal bin Saqib has been appointed to serve as a special assistant on blockchain and crypto matters to Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Forbes ‘30 under 30’ social entrepreneurIn this role, Saqib assumes the status of a minister of state under Rule 4(6) of the Rules of Business, 1973, with the appointment effective immediately. Saqib had been featured by Forbes through its “30 under 30” list of social entrepreneurs in Asia in 2020. He is the founder of Tayaba.org, a non-governmental organization (NGO) focused on the provision of clean drinking water to vulnerable communities in Pakistan. Saqib came to prominence in the crypto sector earlier this year when he was appointed CEO of the newly formed Pakistan Crypto Council (PCC), an agency established to promote blockchain technology and digital assets within the South Asian country. In April he was added by World Liberty Financial, a crypto project connected with the family of U.S. President Donald Trump, as an advisor. Earlier this month, Pakistan’s Ministry of Finance gave the go-ahead for the establishment of the Pakistan Digital Assets Authority (PDAA), a body that will be responsible for the implementation of regulations governing the crypto and blockchain sector.  Utilizing surplus energyAt the time, one area of focus that had been highlighted in the announcement of the establishment of the PDAA was a desire to make better use of Pakistan’s surplus energy. The country runs an annual average surplus of 4,000 megawatts. A report by 24 Digital on May 25 indicated that action has already been taken in this regard. It outlined that Pakistan has allocated 2,000 megawatts of surplus electricity for the exclusive use of operators of AI data centers and Bitcoin mining facilities.  This plan is being rolled out in phases. The first phase makes surplus energy available to these operators. Phase 2 will focus on enabling crypto mining operators to avail of renewable energy to power their facilities, in an effort to develop the sector in Pakistan in an environmentally responsible manner. According to the Ministry of Finance, interest has already been expressed by international operators in the crypto mining and AI data center sectors. A number of international firms are understood to have visited the country in an effort to explore potential collaboration opportunities.  Earlier this month, Saqib claimed on social media that Pakistan “is moving at crypto speed.” He made the case that the country is a breeding ground for crypto innovation, citing the opportunity to exploit surplus electricity via crypto mining and the potential for crypto adoption given a $36 billion remittance market, millions of unbanked citizens and 64% of the population under 30.

Monex Group, a well-known securities broker in Japan’s financial services sector, is delving further into the digital currency space through the acquisition of a majority stake in 3iQ Digital Holdings, a Canadian crypto asset management company. Whilst the acquisition was announced via a joint press release on Thursday, the specific details of the deal were not disclosed.Photo by sebastiaan stam on UnsplashAchieving growth through cryptoYuko Seimei, the CEO of Monex Group, emphasized the long-term strategy of strengthening their asset management business. By incorporating 3iQ into their portfolio, the aim is to achieve substantial growth by catering to the evolving crypto asset management needs of institutional investors and crypto exchanges globally. Monex Group is already a key player in the Japanese crypto landscape, owning the Coincheck exchange. Coincheck is one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in Japan. It has regained market dominance after a cyber attack resulting in the theft of $534 million in digital assets in 2018. Monex collaborated with Japanese telecommunications firm NTT DOCOMO in October, forming Monex Securities as a holding company containing Coincheck, while selling NTT DOCOMO a 49% stake. ETF focusThe acquisition of 3iQ marks Monex’s strategic move to extend its exposure to the North American crypto industry. This adds to the conglomerate’s existing presence in the United States through the ownership and operation of TradeStation, an American brokerage firm. 3iQ, operating under a Canadian license, has come to prominence in the crypto-sphere for launching two exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in Canada. Notably, it introduced Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs on the Toronto Stock Exchange, showcasing innovation in a region where regulatory approval is awaited by U.S.-based companies. Spot bitcoin ETFs have been hotly tipped to offer the next form of crypto adoption, potentially facilitating the in-flow of massive amounts of money currently within the domain of traditional finance. While the focus has been largely on the United States in that regard, other centers such as Hong Kong are similarly gearing up towards offering spot ETF crypto products to both institutions and retail investors. Amid that background, this acquisition by Monex didn’t go unnoticed by ETF sector professionals. Bloomberg Intelligence ETF Research Analyst James Seyffart took to social media platform X on Thursday to draw attention to the deal. Frederick Pye, the Chairman and CEO of 3iQ, expressed enthusiasm about joining forces with Monex Group. With Monex already owning Coincheck, a crypto exchange powerhouse in Japan, Pye highlighted the potential synergy. The collaboration is seen as an opportunity to enhance Coincheck’s offerings, particularly for institutional investors. Pye characterized the partnership as a groundbreaking collaboration that promises to reshape the crypto industry. Monex’s acquisition of 3iQ is aligned with its broader vision of being a key player in the global crypto asset management landscape. The move not only expands their reach into North America but also positions them to capitalize on the growing demands of institutional investors in the evolving digital currency market.