UAE exempts crypto from VAT

South Korea’s cryptocurrency market is moving through a period of stricter oversight and policy debate, while major industry players pursue overseas listings against a backdrop of falling market valuations and weaker investor sentiment.Photo by Ori Song on UnsplashAccording to Newsis, financial regulators are close to finalizing penalties for the country’s major crypto exchanges after a wide-ranging review of their compliance systems. The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission (FSC) is preparing to issue sanctions such as institutional warnings, fines, and personnel measures against platforms found to have breached anti-money laundering (AML) rules. These actions follow a series of on-site inspections that began in August 2024 with Dunamu, the operator of Upbit, and were later extended to Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax. Authorities plan to determine and announce penalties in the order of these inspections, which concluded in April 2025. Stablecoin debate growsAt the same time, a policy debate is unfolding in the parliament over how far South Korea should go in supporting digital asset innovation. The Maeil Business Newspaper reported that Democratic Party lawmaker Min Byoung-dug has questioned the Bank of Korea’s cautious stance on launching a won-backed stablecoin. The central bank has identified seven main risks associated with such an asset, including possible de-pegging and threats to monetary policy stability. Min argues that the bank is placing too much weight on these micro-level risks. In a recent report, he contended that delaying innovation could lead to larger, structural economic losses and said the risks identified by the central bank can be managed through oversight and product design rather than by avoiding stablecoins altogether. Dunamu–Naver deal targets NasdaqIn the corporate sector, major fintech firms are pushing ahead with international expansion plans. Naver Financial and Dunamu, which operates the Upbit exchange, have endorsed a merger plan involving a comprehensive share swap, according to The Herald Business. The share swap ratio has been set at 2.54 to 1. This development follows earlier reports that the two firms were close to an agreement intended to support a future Nasdaq listing in the United States. Bitcoin slide persistsThese regulatory, legislative, and corporate developments are taking place as market conditions deteriorate. Global data show weakening demand, with spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) recording about $3.5 billion in net outflows in November, according to Bloomberg, while CoinMarketCap data show Bitcoin prices down roughly 24% over the past month.  Domestic sentiment reflects this caution. In a weekly survey conducted by CoinNess and Cratos, 59.5% of South Korean investors said over the weekend that they expect Bitcoin prices to fall or crash this week, up from 43.6% a week earlier. Only 12.4% of respondents forecast a price increase. Views on the broader market cycle are also shifting. In the same survey, 42.9% of participants said they believe the bull market has already ended. Reflecting this sentiment, Alternative.me’s Crypto Fear & Greed Index is at 15, in the “Extreme Fear” zone as of Nov. 26. 

dYdX Foundation CEO Shares the Importance of Korean Developers of the Cosmos NetworkDecentralized crypto derivatives exchange dYdX is in the midst of a significant transition, as it prepares to move away from its current Ethereum-based layer-2 protocol to Cosmos, a decentralized network of independent blockchains. Meanwhile, senior members of the dYdX Foundation, a Swiss-based not-for-profit entity behind the derivatives exchange, paid a visit to South Korea on the occasion of Korea Blockchain Week: KBW2023, which is an annual event that spans from September 4 to 10 this year.Photo by Mariia Shalabaieva on UnsplashBusy Q4Regarding the upcoming v4 update on a Cosmos-based blockchain, Charles d’Haussy, the CEO of the dYdX Foundation, shared his thoughts in an interview with CoinNess. He expressed anticipation for a bustling fourth quarter this year but also acknowledged that the exact timeline remains uncertain, as it hinges on the voting processes, including one for bridging tokens to Cosmos, within the dYdX community.Utility token on v4As part of dYdX’s migration to Cosmos, its governance token will undergo a transformation into a utility token. The forthcoming dYdX v4 will be fully decentralized, with 100% of the fees collected from the exchange distributed to stakers and validators. Following the completion of this migration, the current dYdX protocol on Ethereum will eventually become deprecated.Exclusive focus on crypto derivativesIn a significant milestone, dYdX achieved over $1 trillion in total trading volume on its Layer 2 platform on July 14 of this year. d’Haussy expressed pride in this achievement and highlighted that dYdX’s competitive edge lies in its exclusive focus on crypto derivatives.DeFi mullet memeAlthough DeFi derivatives trading currently represents just 1% of the overall crypto derivatives volume, d’Haussy is optimistic about its future growth, predicting an acceleration. In a parallel to how traditional banks offer an array of products that originate from external entities such as brokerages and insurance companies, Charles d’Haussy envisions that centralized exchanges will provide a diverse range of offerings sourced from decentralized platforms. He expressed his strong belief in the idea encapsulated by the DeFi mullet meme, which features the phrase “Fintech In The Front, DeFi In The Back.”Top-tier Cosmos builders in KoreaWhen asked about his visit to Korea, d’Haussy emphasized the presence of top-tier Cosmos builders in the country. He underscored South Korea’s importance within the Cosmos ecosystem, highlighting that 10% of dYdX’s testnet participants are Korean companies.

Korea’s FSS Seeks to Protect Investors from Crypto Exploit LossesLee Bokhyun, Governor of the Korean Financial Supervisory Service, said the agency will seek to protect investors from losses resulting from cryptocurrency exchange exploits, according to Korean newspaper Donga Ilbo.©Pexels/RODNAE ProductionsEfforts to enact legislationWhile delivering a congratulatory speech at a forum co-hosted by Donga Ilbo and its subsidiary broadcasting company Channel A on Wednesday, Lee underlined that the agency will be committed to enacting legislation that obligates crypto exchanges to be held accountable for customer asset losses caused by hacks.He explained that amidst a continued crypto winter triggered by multiple failures, such as the collapse of the stablecoin Terra last year, cases of security vulnerabilities are subsequently occurring.Cold wallet requirementsIn response to this situation, financial authorities and the National Assembly are collaborating on legislation that would require crypto exchanges to store a portion of their custody assets in cold wallets, which are disconnected from the Internet, or face liability for damages resulting from hacks.A February report from blockchain data platform Chainalysis showed that losses to crypto hacks last year amounted to $3.8 billion. Earlier this month, Korean crypto exchange GDAC suffered an exploit of 20 billion KRW (~$15 million).Lee said the agency will work with the financial industry to bolster the fraud detection system and build an immediate response system that prevents uncanny transactions when abnormalities are detected. These efforts are to curb the rise in financial crimes, which followed the growing popularity of remote banking services.Experts’ inputsAt the event held to discuss the protection of consumer information in the digital age, senior researcher Kim Gap-rae at Korea Capital Market Institute said that a law should be introduced to penalize unfair practices, such as market manipulation and use of undisclosed information, in the virtual asset market.Lee Joo-hwan, head of the information security management division at Hana Bank, suggested the approach used in the US, which is recovering ill-gotten gains from financial crimes to compensate victims.Kang Byung-hoon, a professor who teaches cyber security at KAIST, anticipated that the financial industry would accelerate the adoption of confidential computing, a highly secure system, to which even administrators have limited access.