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Singapore Judge Says Crypto Not MoneyIn recent years, legal processes in various jurisdictions worldwide have seen judges comment on whether cryptocurrency is actually money. The latest such determination has been made by Justice Vinodh Coomaraswamy who outlined in a Singapore court that while being a component of financial transactions, cryptocurrencies are not money.The consideration emerged in a recent court hearing at Singapore’s High Court in a case involving the Algorand Foundation and failed Singapore-based hedge fund, Three Arrows Capital (3AC). Justice Coomaraswamy’s comments arose due to a discussion in the midst of the court proceedings involving the Judge and counsel representing the Algorand Foundation.©Pexels/EKATERINA BOLOVTSOVASeashells as moneyIn setting out his rationale for the need for 3AC to be wound up, Daniel Chan, a lawyer for the WongPartnership law firm that was representing the Algorand Foundation in the proceedings, told the judge that despite foreign currencies not being recognized as legal tender in Singapore, or used broadly as a medium of exchange within the city state, those foreign currencies are recognized by Singapore law as money. Using that analogy Chan suggested that by implication, the same scenario should be considered where cryptocurrencies are concerned.The judge provided a counterpoint: “What if you had a [community] in the world that used seashells as its internal medium of exchange? Would the Singapore courts have to recognize that as money.” Chan claimed that the judge had used an extreme example although Coomaraswamy remained steadfast in his view, pointing out that seashells had indeed been used as a form of money in the distant past.Coomaraswamy proceeded to dismiss the Algorand Foundation’s winding up application. He acknowledged that the Foundation did have standing in bringing the application. However, as he determined that cryptocurrency couldn’t be classed as money, on that basis he dismissed the application. In conveying his decision, he stated: “The word indebtedness, in my view, must require a debt which is in fiat currency. Determining whether or not a particular intangible, such as cryptocurrency, is money would require a detailed examination of evidence which is not appropriate in the context of insolvency.”Legal tenderThus far, bitcoin has been recognized as legal tender in two countries — El Salvador and the Central African Republic. In 2020, a French court referred to the leading cryptocurrency as money, agreeing that Bitcoin loans can be recognized as customer loans in the same way as loans denominated in fiat currencies. Earlier that year, an Australian court recognized bitcoin as a legally legitimate form of investment. In the United States, a Federal court recognized bitcoin as “money” or “funds” in a prosecution taken against Silk Road website operator Ross Ulbricht.There have been many similar instances in courts globally where judges have had to grapple with the consideration of whether bitcoin and crypto more generally can be regarded as money. Similar to the difficulty authorities are having in regulating cryptocurrency, it’s an issue that in most cases lacks complete clarity and in which we can expect further discussions on, similar to this most recent consideration in the Singaporean high court.

Market speculates on Qatari investment driving bitcoin price surgeRumors are circulating within the cryptocurrency space that Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund may have dabbled in investing in bitcoin, leading to the recent surge in the bitcoin unit price.Such a move, while still an unconfirmed speculation, would be indicative of the increasing recognition of Bitcoin as a mainstream asset class. At the time of writing, bitcoin stands at $44,000. That represents a 16% increase over the space of the past week and a 166% increase since the beginning of the year.Photo by Yiğit Ali Atasoy on UnsplashKeiser’s claimAccording to outspoken Bitcoin advocate Max Keiser, Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund (QSWF), responsible for managing the nation’s significant oil and gas-generated wealth, is considering allocating up to $500 billion to the leading cryptocurrency.To provide context, this investment would eclipse the publicly disclosed bitcoin holdings of MicroStrategy, founded by Michael Saylor, by an astonishing 671 times. MicroStrategy currently holds the position of the largest corporate holder of Bitcoin, with 174,530 BTC acquired in November.Keiser speculates that the QSWF’s monumental investment could propel bitcoin’s price to new highs, reaching $100,000. Keiser tweeted:“The God Candle, a $100,000 uptick in #Bitcoin is in play. It will shift the global axis of wealth and power in 1 tick.”Custodia Bank Founder and CEO Caitlin Long shared a similar view on the X social media platform on Wednesday, pointing out that in September the Emir of Qatar had visited El Salvador and met with President Nayib Bukele. The inference is that it would have been an interest in bitcoin that may have provided the motivation for that visit, given that Bukele and El Salvador have adopted bitcoin as a sovereign currency.However, not everyone is on board with this theory. Some have pointed out that the assertion that the QSWF will invest $500 billion into bitcoin is impossible, given that the fund has $475 billion under management.Bitcoin advocate Luke Broyles weighed in on the rumor, emphasizing the crucial interplay between bitcoin’s supply and demand. Broyles highlighted the $76 billion worth of BTC still available on crypto exchanges, underscoring the fundamental principle of bitcoin’s fixed supply. According to Broyles, any substantial investment would inevitably drive prices higher.However, Broyles remains skeptical of the Qatar news, deeming it a rumor, and expressed shock if it proves remotely true. That view has led many back to the original speculation in relation to this most recent price action, the illusive bitcoin spot exchange-traded fund (ETF) approval in the United States.Some activity in recent days has suggested that BlackRock, the world’s largest fund manager, has been doing preparatory work for the launch of its iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF. Not everyone was positive on the topic of Bitcoin on Wednesday, however. Jamie Dimon, the CEO of JPMorgan Chase, testified before the U.S. Congress on Wednesday, stating “If I were the government I’d close [Bitcoin] down.”

Nomura’s Laser Ventures Invests in Singapore’s Solv ProtocolSolv Protocol, a Singapore-based DeFi startup, has revealed a significant stride forward with a $6 million funding round, drawing support from Laser Digital, the digital asset subsidiary of Japanese global financial services conglomerate Nomura.The project team provided details on the funding round via a blog post published to its website earlier this week. Accompanying Laser Digital in the funding round, Singapore’s UOB Venture Management also participated, alongside investors such as Matrix Partners, Bing Ventures, Mirana Ventures, Apollo Capital, Bytetrade Labs, and others.Photo by Towfiqu barbhuiya on Unsplash$14 million cumulative fundingThis injection raises its cumulative funding to an impressive $14 million. The innovative Solv Protocol has been developed to facilitate on-chain fund management within the realm of public blockchains.Delving into the intricacies of the Solv asset management protocol, Olivier Dang, COO of Nomura Securities’ wholesale digital office, expanded on its transformative potential, stating: “Solv has built a trustless institutional DeFi platform integrating brokers, underwriters, market makers, and custodians to create the first fund infrastructure on the blockchain to bridge DeFi, CeFi, and TradFi liquidity.”$100 million in trading volumeSolv Protocol is a DeFi infrastructure project that enables users to create and trade financial NFTs. The protocol concerns itself largely with ERC-3525, an Ethereum standard for semi-fungible tokens, the characteristics of which lend themselves well for financial use cases.At the heart of Solv’s business model lies a unique mechanism. Any fund utilizing its solution inherently allocates a portion of its assets under management. Inaugurated in the second quarter of this year, Solv has already facilitated over $100 million in trading volume.Semi-fungible token innovationThe origins of Solv are rooted in the pursuit of an optimal Ethereum token standard for effective fund management. Dissatisfied with existing standards, the founders, primarily Chinese technologists, forged an innovative path. Traditional ERC-20 fungible tokens weren’t deemed suitable due to the need for a new smart contract token for every customization. Similarly, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) posed limitations, being intrinsically designed as individual units not readily divisible, which is essential for issuing shares in a fund. The security token standard, ERC-1400, didn’t quite align either.Thus, Solv birthed the semi-fungible token through the development of ERC-3525, a groundbreaking solution to its unique challenge.While larger asset managers like Franklin Templeton and Ondo Finance have adhered to fungible tokens, a growing trend is emerging in the traditional asset management sector — a movement toward blockchain integration. UK-based Abrdn recently introduced a fund on the Hedera DLT network, while industry giant Schroders is exploring blockchain tokenization under Singapore’s Project Guardian initiative.It’s been an eventful week for Nomura’s Laser Digital. Alongside news of this investment, the company also announced its recent acquisition of a license from Dubai’s Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA). This regulatory green light bolsters its presence in the global digital asset sector.Nomura’s Laser Digital is amplifying its presence within the blockchain and digital asset domain, marking its sixth such investment within this year alone. Meanwhile, projects like Solv Protocol are pushing the boundaries of innovation through the development of semi-fungible tokens, extending the use cases of blockchain technology as it does so.