Taiwan not rushing into CBDC issuance following prototype build

Animoca Brands Expands Focus to Non-US MarketsHong Kong-based Web3 and blockchain unicorn, Animoca Brands, is shifting its attention to markets outside the United States following the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) classification of its $SAND token as an unregistered security.This move comes after the SEC named $SAND, along with other tokens like Solana and Polygon, in lawsuits against major exchanges Binance and Coinbase Global. The labeling of these tokens as securities by the SEC poses legal risks for companies involved in their sale.Photo by Zulian Firmansyah on UnsplashNavigating regulatory challengesAnimoca Brands, led by Co-Founder and Chairman Yat Siu, has long embraced a global approach rather than focusing solely on one territory. Siu clarified the firm’s response to the latest regulatory development to the South China Morning Post (SCMP) via email on Thursday.He emphasized that while the SEC concentrates on the US, Animoca Brands operates in more progressive jurisdictions such as Hong Kong and Japan, where $SAND is widely available and accepted. In response to the recent blockchain-hostile climate in the US, the company has proactively started emphasizing other markets, reducing its reliance on the US market and mitigating potential risks associated with regulatory actions.Exchange business impactWhile Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong has declared that his company has no intentions of delisting tokens labeled as securities by the SEC, this decision poses challenges for other exchanges less committed to selling these tokens. Dan Gallagher, Chief Legal Compliance and Corporate Affairs Officer of Robinhood Markets, expressed concerns about listing tokens due to regulatory rules and the uncertainty surrounding tokens created by organizations outside the US.These developments could have a chilling effect on exchanges, prompting crypto firms to consider moving away from the US market due to perceived uncertainty and the associated legal risks. As a demonstration of that, in a bankruptcy court hearing on Thursday, it emerged that the FTX Debtor is talking with bidders with a view to restarting the international business but restarting the US-based business is less certain.Animoca’s Middle East ventureIn a further display of its commitment to expanding outside the US, Animoca Brands announced plans in March to make significant investments, worth tens of millions of dollars, in the Middle East. This move reflects the company’s proactive strategy to tap into non-US markets and leverage the growth potential offered by progressive jurisdictions.Animoca Brands’ decision to prioritize non-US markets and reduce its reliance on the US market aligns with its global operating approach. The SEC’s classification of $SAND as a security has prompted the company to shift its attention to more progressive jurisdictions where $SAND remains widely accessible.As other firms, including Ripple, also explore growth opportunities outside the US, the global landscape of the crypto industry is evolving. By navigating regulatory challenges and expanding into promising markets, Animoca Brands aims to position itself for continued success and mitigate potential risks associated with the SEC’s actions in the US market.

The Securities Commission Malaysia (SC), the statutory body tasked with regulating and developing capital markets within the Southeast Asian nation, has published a consultation paper in an effort to garner public feedback on potential enhancements to its crypto regulatory framework. In a press release published to its website on June 30, the SC claimed that its proposals seek “to enhance competitiveness of Malaysia’s regulated digital asset market, improve investor protection and strengthen the resilience and integrity of [Digital Asset Exchange] operators.”Photo by Vlad Shapochnikov on UnsplashEasing listing requirementsIn the event that the proposals are adopted, one key change would see a liberalization of the listing requirements for digital assets. Where certain key eligibility criteria have been met, the regulator would allow the listing of digital assets on digital asset exchanges without prior SC approval. The regulator stated that it wants to make this change in order to speed up the time taken to get digital assets to market as they emerge. By setting out additional criteria, there will be greater exchange operator accountability. Exchange operators would bear responsibility for listing tokens in compliance with the requirements set out by the regulator.  Assets could only be listed once those assets and the underlying protocol and network had undergone security audits which had been carried out by an independent and qualified blockchain security auditor, with the audit results made public.  For the purposes of the “Liberalised Listing Framework,” the asset must have been trading on a Financial Action Task Force (FATF)-compliant virtual asset service provider (VASP) platform for a minimum of one year. The regulator believes that easing the listing requirements will result in a broader digital asset product offering being made available in Malaysia. Last month, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) started a public consultation process aimed at revising token listing rules. Coin listing processes have also come under scrutiny from the authorities in South Korea recently. Segregating client assetsAmong the proposals is a plan to oblige exchange platforms to properly segregate client assets from operational funds and assets held by the exchange business. In recent years, many failed crypto exchange platforms, most notably FTX, got into difficulty by co-mingling customer funds with operational funds. Furthermore, the regulator doesn’t want any cross-over of assets between the local exchange operator and any overseas affiliate companies it may have.The SC stated that it is cognizant of recent global exchange failures, which has led it towards further enhancing crypto exchange operational governance and controls. It suggests that only 10% of client assets should be held by a Malaysian exchange in hot wallets, with the remaining 90% held in cold or offline wallets. The SC said that it welcomes feedback from members of the various stakeholder groups on the proposals outlined. The public consultation period runs from June 30 through Aug. 11.  Malaysia is expected to have 4.74 million crypto users by 2026. That would equate to 13% of Malaysians using crypto by then.

As the Virtual Asset User Protection Act is set to take effect in July, South Korean virtual asset services providers (VASPs) are preparing themselves for new crypto accounting standards. This development is pushing crypto businesses to take consultation services from accounting firms, local media outlet Yonhap Infomax today reported.  Pronounced last year, the new crypto accounting guideline is scheduled to be applied to VASPs starting this July. Rather than providing clear and explicit standards, the guideline requires crypto businesses to interpret it on their own based on “reasonable grounds.” One accountant in the crypto industry said that individual crypto exchanges are wrapping their heads around the new crypto accounting standards, pondering over numerous issues such as whether to manage customer assets in a single record-keeping system. Photo by Volkan Olmez on UnsplashThe most significant concern among VASPs is that the new standard will highly likely recognize crypto assets entrusted by customers as either assets or liabilities. So far, local crypto exchanges haven’t recognized custodial tokens as assets; instead, they have been including these tokens in the footnotes. Only the money users deposited in Korean won has been acknowledged as “customer deposit liabilities.” Dunamu, the operator of crypto exchange Upbit, stated in the footnotes of its previous quarterly report that virtual assets entrusted by customers do not meet the accounting definition of an asset, leading the exchange to exclude its users’ custodial tokens from the asset category.  Varying interpretation of ‘control over custodial assets’ A lot is at stake depending on how individual crypto exchanges interpret the new guideline. If crypto exchanges are deemed to have control over custodial assets, they must meticulously document the details of the assets in custody on their financial statements, including the total amount of custodial assets and how they are managed under what policies.  These details would serve as decisive factors in determining who bears the liabilities in the event of future incidents.  Crypto businesses’ accounting dilemmaThe Korean financial regulators have explained that the new guideline is not the ultimate golden rule, implying that there could be a leeway for crypto businesses if they have reasonable grounds for not following the new accounting standard. However, regulators said they will conduct thorough examinations on the financial statements following their publishment, to ensure that custodial assets are not left out in the documents. This is where VASPs face a difficult choice between two different options; they can either classify custodial tokens as something other than an asset and undergo thorough examinations, or they can recognize them as an asset and risk being included in the “mutual investment-restricted group.” This is a group consisting of large local firms with over nearly KRW 10 trillion ($7.5 billion) in total assets. The companies listed in the group are subject to strict government regulations.  Previous recognition of Dunamu as ‘big firm’ raises concerns among VASPsThe local regulatory authority previously classified Dunamu as part of the mutual investment-restricted group in 2022.  At the time, Korean won deposits made by Upbit users, categorized under the customer deposit liabilities, were recognized as part of its assets by the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC). The KFTC determined that Dunamu had controlling power over the customers’ deposits. This judgment by the KFTC led the company to fall under the mutual investment-restricted group. Once the new accounting standard takes effect in July, the likelihood is that the exchange’s custodial tokens, currently valued at KRW 20.2 trillion, will also be recognized as assets. Meanwhile, another prominent crypto exchange Bithumb is reported to have KRW 4.5 trillion in total assets.   Another accountant in the crypto industry expressed concerns, saying that VASPs will have to deal with more regulations if incorporated into the mutual investment-restricted group. The person added that recognizing custodial tokens as assets could further heighten the management risks for crypto businesses.